Speciation of North American pygmy shrews (Eulipotyphla: Soricidae) supports spatial but not temporal congruence of diversification among boreal species

Abstract Speciation among many animals was rapid through the Pleistocene, impacted by climate and periodic isolation and reconnection. As such, species limits among often morphologically cryptic lineages may remain unresolved despite clear mitogenomic partitioning. Accumulating evidence from phylogeographical studies is revealing congruent regional differentiation of lineages across taxonomic groups that share ecological and evolutionary traits. Here, we analyse multiple DNA loci and morphology to resolve the geography and timeframe associated with evolutionary history of North American pygmy shrews (genus Sorex). We then assess lineage diversification among three co-distributed shrew complexes using phylogenetic and approximate Bayesian computation approaches to test a hypothesis of spatial congruence but temporal incongruence of species formation on a continental scale. Our results indicate consistency in regional lineage distributions, partial congruence of the sequence of divergence, and strong but not definitive support for temporal incongruence, suggesting that successive glacial cycles initiated the process of diversification repeatedly through the Pleistocene. Our results emphasize a continuing need for greater genomic coverage in comparative phylogeography, with persistent challenges. We recognize distinct eastern (Sorex hoyi Baird, 1857) and western (Sorex eximius Osgood, 1901) species of pygmy shrew based on available evidence, but discuss issues with taxonomic designations considering the continuum of speciation throughout the boreal biome.

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Continental‐Scale Landscape Evolution: A History of North American Topography

Journal of Geophysical Research Earth Surface ◽

10.1029/2018jf004979 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 124 (11) ◽

pp. 2689-2722 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Victoria M. Fernandes ◽

Gareth G. Roberts ◽

Nicky White ◽

Alexander C. Whittaker

Keyword(s):

North American ◽

Landscape Evolution ◽

Continental Scale ◽

History Of

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The complex history of genome duplication and hybridization in North American gray treefrogs

10.1101/2020.11.25.398461 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

William W. Booker ◽

H. Carl Gerhardt ◽

Alan R. Lemmon ◽

Margaret B. Ptacek ◽

Alyssa T. B. Hassinger ◽

...

Keyword(s):

North American ◽

Evolutionary History ◽

High Throughput Sequencing ◽

Genome Duplication ◽

Duplication Event ◽

Mitochondrial Genomes ◽

Genome Duplication Event ◽

The North ◽

History Of ◽

Approximate Bayesian

AbstractPolyploid speciation has played an important role in evolutionary history across the tree of life, yet there remain large gaps in our understanding of how polyploid species form and persist. While systematic studies have been conducted in numerous polyploid complexes, recent advances in sequencing technology have demonstrated that conclusions from data-limited studies may be spurious and misleading. The North American gray treefrog complex, consisting of the diploid Hyla chrysoscelis and the tetraploid Hyla versicolor, has long been used as a model system in a variety of biological fields, yet all taxonomic studies to date were conducted with only a few loci from nuclear and mitochondrial genomes. Here, we utilized anchored hybrid enrichment and high-throughput sequencing to capture hundreds of loci along with whole mitochondrial genomes to investigate the evolutionary history of this complex. We used several phylogenetic and population genetic methods, including coalescent simulations and testing of polyploid speciation models with Approximate Bayesian Computation (ABC), to determine that H. versicolor was most likely formed via autopolyploidization from a now extinct lineage of H. chrysoscelis. We also uncovered evidence of significant hybridization between diploids and tetraploids where they co-occur, and show that historical hybridization between these groups led to the re-formation of distinct polyploid lineages following the initial whole genome duplication event. Our study indicates that a wide variety of methods and explicit model testing of polyploid histories can greatly facilitate efforts to uncover the evolutionary history of polyploid complexes.

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North American Association for the Study of Religion (NAASR)

Bulletin for the Study of Religion ◽

10.1558/bsor.v44i2.27304 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 44 (2) ◽

pp. 29-30

Author(s):

Matt Sheedy

Keyword(s):

North American ◽

American Association ◽

The North ◽

History Of

I interviewed Russell McCutcheon back in March 2015, about his new role as president of the North American Association for the Study of Religion (NAASR), asking him about the history of the organization, goals for his tenure, and developments for NAASR’s upcoming conference in Atlanta in November 2015.

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Indian Boarding School Gothic in Older than America and The Only Good Indian

American Studies in Scandinavia ◽

10.22439/asca.v47i2.5347 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 47 (2) ◽

pp. 5-27

Author(s):

Elizabeth Kella

Keyword(s):

North American ◽

Boarding School ◽

Boarding Schools ◽

Spiritual Values ◽

Feature Films ◽

Native North American ◽

Indian Boarding School ◽

Visual Sovereignty ◽

History Of ◽

Indian Boarding Schools

This article examines the appropriation and redirection of the Gothic in two contemporary, Native-centered feature films that concern a history that can be said to haunt many Native North American communities today: the history of Indian boarding schools. Georgina Lightning’s Older than America (2008) and Kevin Willmott’s The Only Good Indian (2009) make use of Gothic conventions and the figures of the ghost and the vampire to visually relate the history and horrors of Indian boarding schools. Each of these Native-centered films displays a cinematic desire to decenter Eurocentric histories and to counter mainstream American genres with histories and forms of importance to Native North American peoples. Willmott’s film critiques mythologies of the West and frontier heroism, and Lightning attempts to sensitize non-Native viewers to contemporary Native North American concerns while also asserting visual sovereignty and affirming spiritual values.

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Hymnody and Liturgy

The Oxford Handbook of Presbyterianism ◽

10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190608392.013.36 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 491-506

Author(s):

Jonathan Hehn

Keyword(s):

Nineteenth Century ◽

Seventeenth Century ◽

Sixteenth Century ◽

North American ◽

John Calvin ◽

Church Of Scotland ◽

Metrical Psalmody ◽

History Of ◽

The Church

This chapter outlines the history of Presbyterian worship practice from the sixteenth century to the present, with a focus on North American Presbyterians. Tracing both their hymnody and their liturgy ultimately to John Calvin, Presbyterian communions have a distinct heritage of worship inherited from the Church of Scotland via seventeenth-century Puritans. Long marked by metrical psalmody and guided by the Westminster Directory, Presbyterian worship underwent substantial changes in the nineteenth century. Evangelical and liturgical movements led Presbyterians away from a Puritan visual aesthetic, into the use of nonscriptural hymnody, and toward a recovery of liturgical books. Mainline North American and Scottish Presbyterians solidified these trends in the twentieth and twenty-first centuries; however, conservative North American denominations and some other denominations globally continue to rely heavily on the use of a worship directory and metrical psalmody.

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An Economic Analysis of Indian Behavior in the North American Fur Trade

The Journal of Economic History ◽

10.1017/s0022050700075380 ◽

1972 ◽

Vol 32 (1) ◽

pp. 36-53 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

John C. McManus

Keyword(s):

Economic Analysis ◽

North American ◽

Economic History ◽

Fur Trade ◽

Historical Research ◽

The North ◽

History Of ◽

The Way

This study of Indian behavior in the fur trade is offered more as a report of a study in progress than a completed piece of historical research. In fact, the research has barely begun. But in spite of its unfinished state, the tentative results of the work I have done to this point may be of some interest as an illustration of the way in which the recent revival of analytical interest in institutions may be used to develop an approach to the economic history of the fur trade.

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