Blood/gas partition coefficients of halothane, isoflurane and sevoflurane in horse blood

The Solubility of Halothane in Blood and Tissue Homogenates. By Larson CP, Eger EI, Severinghaus JW. Anesthesiology 1962; 23:349–55. Measured samples of human and bovine blood, human hemoglobin, and tissue homogenates from human fat and both human and bovine liver, kidney, muscle, whole brain, and separated gray and white cortex were added to stoppered 2,000-ml Erlenmeyer flasks. To each flask, 0.1 ml of liquid halothane was added under negative pressure using a calibrated micropipette. After the flask was agitated for 2 to 4 h to achieve equilibrium between the gas and blood or tissue contents, a calibrated infrared halothane analyzer was used to measure the concentration of halothane vapor. Calculated partition coefficients ranged from 0.7 for water to 2.3 for blood and from 3.5 for human or bovine kidney to 6 for human whole brain or liver and 8 for human muscle. Human peritoneal fat had a value of 138. The human blood–gas partition coefficient of 2.3 as determined by this equilibration method was well below the previously published value of 3.6.

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Right-to-left shunt in normal man determined by the use of tritium and krypton 85

Journal of Applied Physiology ◽

10.1152/jappl.1962.17.5.778 ◽

1962 ◽

Vol 17 (5) ◽

pp. 778-782 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

K. Mellemgaard ◽

N. A. Lassen ◽

J. Georg

Keyword(s):

Cardiac Output ◽

Partition Coefficients ◽

Normal Subjects ◽

Back Pressure ◽

Blue Dye ◽

Blood Gas ◽

Quiet Breathing ◽

Voluntary Hyperventilation ◽

Arterial Blood ◽

Normal Man

An aqueous solution of tritium and krypton 85 together with Evans blue dye was injected intravenously in twelve normal subjects during quiet breathing, during apnea, and during voluntary hyperventilation. Arterial blood was sampled within the first 30 sec after the injection to measure the recovery of the two gases. Blood-gas partition coefficients of the two gases at 37 C were determined experimentally and the ratio between them was found to be 3.8 in normal blood. Knowing this ratio it is possible to calculate the fraction of the arterial recovery due to a right-to-left shunt, and that due to alveolar back pressure. The shunt calculated from findings during quiet breathing is 0.26% of the cardiac output. Recoveries during apnea lead to a calculated shunt of identical size, whereas the shunt calculated from the experiments during hyperventilation amounts to only 0.11% of the cardiac output. Submitted on March 8, 1962

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A Novel Method for Determining the Blood/Gas Partition Coefficients of Inhalation Anesthetics to Calculate the Percentage of Loss at Different Temperatures

Journal of Analytical Toxicology ◽

10.1093/jat/28.2.122 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 28 (2) ◽

pp. 122-127 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

N. C. Yang ◽

H. F. Wang ◽

K. L. Hwang ◽

W. M. HO

Keyword(s):

Partition Coefficients ◽

Blood Gas ◽

Inhalation Anesthetics ◽

Different Temperatures ◽

Novel Method

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Blood/Gas Partition Coefficients for Isoflurane, Sevoflurane, and Desflurane in a Clinically Relevant Patient Population

Anesthesia & Analgesia ◽

10.1213/ane.0000000000000516 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 120 (1) ◽

pp. 45-50 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

Tobias Esper ◽

Markus Wehner ◽

Claus-Dieter Meinecke ◽

Henrik Rueffert

Keyword(s):

Patient Population ◽

Partition Coefficients ◽

Blood Gas

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Individual Variations in Fluroxene, Halothane, and methoxyflurne Blood–Gas Partition Coefficients, and the Effect of Anemia

Anesthesiology ◽

10.1097/00000542-197506000-00022 ◽

1975 ◽

Vol 42 (6) ◽

pp. 748-749 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

DAVID E. ELLIS ◽

ROBERT K. STOELTING

Keyword(s):

Partition Coefficients ◽

Blood Gas ◽

Individual Variations

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Effects of Pregnancy on the Solubility of Halogenated Volatile Anaesthetics in Rat Blood and Tissues

Anaesthesia and Intensive Care ◽

10.1177/0310057x0803600612 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 36 (6) ◽

pp. 830-834 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Y. Rao ◽

Y.-L. Wang ◽

H. Li ◽

W. Zhang ◽

J. Liu

Keyword(s):

Gas Chromatography ◽

Analysis Of Variance ◽

Partition Coefficients ◽

The Other ◽

Blood Gas ◽

Volatile Anaesthetics ◽

Sprague Dawley ◽

Tissue Samples ◽

Rat Blood ◽

Sprague Dawley Rats

This study was designed to evaluate the effects of pregnancy on the solubility of halogenated volatile anaesthetics in rat blood and tissues. Tissue samples from 10 pregnant and 10 non-pregnant adult female Sprague Dawley rats, including the heart, liver, kidney and brain, were obtained and made into respective homogenates. Blood/gas and tissue/gas partition coefficients for halothane, sevoflurane and isoflurane were determined by the method of two-stage headspace equilibration by gas chromatography with each of the homogenates. Values were analysed by t-test or one-way analysis of variance. The solubility within blood and brain for halothane in the pregnant group (2.90 ± 0.44, 5.55 ± 0.73) was significantly lower than that of the non-pregnant group (3.42±0.23, 6.33±0.64; P <0.05). However, there were no significant differences between the two groups for liver, kidney or heart solubility. For sevoflurane and isoflurane, there were no significant differences in solubility between the two groups. In conclusion, pregnancy decreased the solubility of halothane within the blood and brain, whereas the solubility of halothane in other tissues including the liver, kidney and heart showed no significant alteration. Pregnancy did not affect the solubility of sevoflurane or isoflurane within blood or the other tissues studied.

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