Blood/Gas Partition Coefficients for Isoflurane, Sevoflurane, and Desflurane in a Clinically Relevant Patient Population

2015 ◽  
Vol 120 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tobias Esper ◽  
Markus Wehner ◽  
Claus-Dieter Meinecke ◽  
Henrik Rueffert
Keyword(s):  
Patient Population ◽  
Partition Coefficients ◽  
Blood Gas

Scientific Accuracy Matters

2021 ◽  
Vol 135 (4) ◽  
pp. 724-727
Author(s):  
C. Philip Larson
Keyword(s):  
Partition Coefficients ◽  
Bovine Liver ◽  
Human Muscle ◽  
Human Hemoglobin ◽  
Blood Gas ◽  
Whole Brain ◽  
A Value ◽  
Tissue Homogenates ◽  
Scientific Accuracy ◽  
Tissue Contents

The Solubility of Halothane in Blood and Tissue Homogenates. By Larson CP, Eger EI, Severinghaus JW. Anesthesiology 1962; 23:349–55. Measured samples of human and bovine blood, human hemoglobin, and tissue homogenates from human fat and both human and bovine liver, kidney, muscle, whole brain, and separated gray and white cortex were added to stoppered 2,000-ml Erlenmeyer flasks. To each flask, 0.1 ml of liquid halothane was added under negative pressure using a calibrated micropipette. After the flask was agitated for 2 to 4 h to achieve equilibrium between the gas and blood or tissue contents, a calibrated infrared halothane analyzer was used to measure the concentration of halothane vapor. Calculated partition coefficients ranged from 0.7 for water to 2.3 for blood and from 3.5 for human or bovine kidney to 6 for human whole brain or liver and 8 for human muscle. Human peritoneal fat had a value of 138. The human blood–gas partition coefficient of 2.3 as determined by this equilibration method was well below the previously published value of 3.6.

scholarly journals Blood/gas partition coefficients of halothane, isoflurane and sevoflurane in horse blood

2003 ◽  
Vol 91 (2) ◽  
pp. 276-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Bergadano ◽  
R. Lauber ◽  
A. Zbinden ◽  
U. Schatzmann ◽  
Y. Moens
Keyword(s):  
Partition Coefficients ◽  
Blood Gas ◽  
Horse Blood

Right-to-left shunt in normal man determined by the use of tritium and krypton 85

1962 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 778-782 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Mellemgaard ◽  
N. A. Lassen ◽  
J. Georg
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Output ◽  
Partition Coefficients ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Back Pressure ◽  
Blue Dye ◽  
Blood Gas ◽  
Quiet Breathing ◽  
Voluntary Hyperventilation ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Normal Man

An aqueous solution of tritium and krypton 85 together with Evans blue dye was injected intravenously in twelve normal subjects during quiet breathing, during apnea, and during voluntary hyperventilation. Arterial blood was sampled within the first 30 sec after the injection to measure the recovery of the two gases. Blood-gas partition coefficients of the two gases at 37 C were determined experimentally and the ratio between them was found to be 3.8 in normal blood. Knowing this ratio it is possible to calculate the fraction of the arterial recovery due to a right-to-left shunt, and that due to alveolar back pressure. The shunt calculated from findings during quiet breathing is 0.26% of the cardiac output. Recoveries during apnea lead to a calculated shunt of identical size, whereas the shunt calculated from the experiments during hyperventilation amounts to only 0.11% of the cardiac output. Submitted on March 8, 1962

scholarly journals Effects of Pregnancy on the Solubility of Halogenated Volatile Anaesthetics in Rat Blood and Tissues

2008 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 830-834 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Rao ◽  
Y.-L. Wang ◽  
H. Li ◽  
W. Zhang ◽  
J. Liu
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Partition Coefficients ◽  
The Other ◽  
Blood Gas ◽  
Volatile Anaesthetics ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Rat Blood ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats

This study was designed to evaluate the effects of pregnancy on the solubility of halogenated volatile anaesthetics in rat blood and tissues. Tissue samples from 10 pregnant and 10 non-pregnant adult female Sprague Dawley rats, including the heart, liver, kidney and brain, were obtained and made into respective homogenates. Blood/gas and tissue/gas partition coefficients for halothane, sevoflurane and isoflurane were determined by the method of two-stage headspace equilibration by gas chromatography with each of the homogenates. Values were analysed by t-test or one-way analysis of variance. The solubility within blood and brain for halothane in the pregnant group (2.90 ± 0.44, 5.55 ± 0.73) was significantly lower than that of the non-pregnant group (3.42±0.23, 6.33±0.64; P <0.05). However, there were no significant differences between the two groups for liver, kidney or heart solubility. For sevoflurane and isoflurane, there were no significant differences in solubility between the two groups. In conclusion, pregnancy decreased the solubility of halothane within the blood and brain, whereas the solubility of halothane in other tissues including the liver, kidney and heart showed no significant alteration. Pregnancy did not affect the solubility of sevoflurane or isoflurane within blood or the other tissues studied.

Determination of the blood-gas partition coefficients for isoflurane, sevoflurane and desflurane

2007 ◽  
Vol 24 (Supplement 39) ◽  
pp. 108 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Esper ◽  
M. Wehner ◽  
H. Rueffert ◽  
D. Geier ◽  
F. Koenig
Keyword(s):  
Partition Coefficients ◽  
Blood Gas

Effects of SO2 and pH on Blood-Gas Partition Coefficients of Inert Gases

1990 ◽  
pp. 215-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazuhiro Yamaguchi ◽  
Masaaki Mori ◽  
Akira Kawai ◽  
Kohichiro Asano ◽  
Tomoaki Takasugi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Partition Coefficients ◽  
Inert Gases ◽  
Blood Gas

A Questionnaire Survey of Current Rehabilitation Practices for Adults With Normal Hearing Sensitivity Who Experience Auditory Difficulties

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 738-761
Author(s):  
Tess K. Koerner ◽  
Melissa A. Papesh ◽  
Frederick J. Gallun
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Aids ◽  
Questionnaire Survey ◽  
Patient Population ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Normal Hearing ◽  
Auditory Training ◽  
Training Methods ◽  
Hearing Sensitivity ◽  
Considerable Benefit ◽  
High Level

Purpose A questionnaire survey was conducted to collect information from clinical audiologists about rehabilitation options for adult patients who report significant auditory difficulties despite having normal or near-normal hearing sensitivity. This work aimed to provide more information about what audiologists are currently doing in the clinic to manage auditory difficulties in this patient population and their views on the efficacy of recommended rehabilitation methods. Method A questionnaire survey containing multiple-choice and open-ended questions was developed and disseminated online. Invitations to participate were delivered via e-mail listservs and through business cards provided at annual audiology conferences. All responses were anonymous at the time of data collection. Results Responses were collected from 209 participants. The majority of participants reported seeing at least one normal-hearing patient per month who reported significant communication difficulties. However, few respondents indicated that their location had specific protocols for the treatment of these patients. Counseling was reported as the most frequent rehabilitation method, but results revealed that audiologists across various work settings are also successfully starting to fit patients with mild-gain hearing aids. Responses indicated that patient compliance with computer-based auditory training methods was regarded as low, with patients generally preferring device-based rehabilitation options. Conclusions Results from this questionnaire survey strongly suggest that audiologists frequently see normal-hearing patients who report auditory difficulties, but that few clinicians are equipped with established protocols for diagnosis and management. While many feel that mild-gain hearing aids provide considerable benefit for these patients, very little research has been conducted to date to support the use of hearing aids or other rehabilitation options for this unique patient population. This study reveals the critical need for additional research to establish evidence-based practice guidelines that will empower clinicians to provide a high level of clinical care and effective rehabilitation strategies to these patients.

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