scholarly journals Preoperative transcranial magnetic stimulation for picture naming is reliable in mapping segments of the arcuate fasciculus

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Davide Giampiccolo ◽  
Henrietta Howells ◽  
Ina Bährend ◽  
Heike Schneider ◽  
Giovanni Raffa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Speech Production ◽  
Picture Naming ◽  
Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Parietal Lobe ◽  
Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Diffusion Imaging ◽  
Arcuate Fasciculus ◽  
Preoperative Mapping ◽  
Production Errors

Abstract In preoperative planning for neurosurgery, both anatomical (diffusion imaging tractography) and functional tools (MR-navigated transcranial magnetic stimulation) are increasingly used to identify and preserve eloquent language structures specific to individuals. Using these tools in healthy adults shows that speech production errors occur mainly in perisylvian cortical sites that correspond to subject-specific terminations of the major language pathway, the arcuate fasciculus. It is not clear whether this correspondence remains in oncological patients with altered tissue. We studied a heterogeneous cohort of 30 patients (fourteen male, mean age 44), undergoing a first or second surgery for a left hemisphere brain tumour in a language-eloquent region, to test whether speech production errors induced by preoperative transcranial magnetic stimulation had consistent anatomical correspondence to the arcuate fasciculus. We used navigated repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation during picture naming and recorded different perisylvian sites where transient interference to speech production occurred. Spherical deconvolution diffusion imaging tractography was performed to map the direct fronto-temporal and indirect (fronto-parietal and parieto-temporal) segments of the arcuate fasciculus in each patient. Speech production errors were reported in all patients when stimulating the frontal lobe, and in over 90% of patients in the parietal lobe. Errors were less frequent in the temporal lobe (54%). In all patients, at least one error site corresponded to a termination of the arcuate fasciculus, particularly in the frontal and parietal lobes, despite distorted anatomy due to a lesion and/or previous resection. Our results indicate that there is strong correspondence between terminations of the arcuate fasciculus and speech errors. This indicates that white matter anatomy may be a robust marker for identifying functionally eloquent cortex, particularly in the frontal and parietal lobe. This knowledge may improve targets for preoperative mapping of language in the neurosurgical setting.

scholarly journals The Role of the Parietal Lobe in Visual Extinction Studied with Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation

2009 ◽  
Vol 21 (10) ◽  
pp. 1946-1955 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorella Battelli ◽  
George A. Alvarez ◽  
Thomas Carlson ◽  
Alvaro Pascual-Leone
Keyword(s):  
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Visual Tracking ◽  
Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Posterior Parietal Cortex ◽  
Parietal Lobe ◽  
Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Visual Fields ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Visual Extinction ◽  
Interhemispheric Competition

Interhemispheric competition between homologous areas in the human brain is believed to be involved in a wide variety of human behaviors from motor activity to visual perception and particularly attention. For example, patients with lesions in the posterior parietal cortex are unable to selectively track objects in the contralesional side of visual space when targets are simultaneously present in the ipsilesional visual field, a form of visual extinction. Visual extinction may arise due to an imbalance in the normal interhemispheric competition. To directly assess the issue of reciprocal inhibition, we used fMRI to localize those brain regions active during attention-based visual tracking and then applied low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation over identified areas in the left and right intraparietal sulcus to asses the behavioral effects on visual tracking. We induced a severe impairment in visual tracking that was selective for conditions of simultaneous tracking in both visual fields. Our data show that the parietal lobe is essential for visual tracking and that the two hemispheres compete for attentional resources during tracking. Our results provide a neuronal basis for visual extinction in patients with parietal lobe damage.

scholarly journals Causal evidence for mnemonic metacognition in human precuneus

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qun Ye ◽  
Futing Zou ◽  
Hakwan Lau ◽  
Yi Hu ◽  
Sze Chai Kwok
Keyword(s):  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Parietal Lobe ◽  
Functional Neuroimaging ◽  
Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Neural Basis ◽  
Anterior Prefrontal Cortex

AbstractMetacognition is the capacity to introspectively monitor and control one’s own cognitive processes. Previous anatomical and functional neuroimaging findings implicated the important role of precuneus in metacognition processing, especially during mnemonic tasks. However, the issue of whether this medial parietal cortex is a domain-specific region that supports mnemonic metacognition remains controversial. Here, we focally disrupted this parietal area with repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in healthy participants of both sexes, seeking to ascertain its functional necessity for metacognition for memory versus perceptual decisions. Perturbing the precuneal activity impaired the metacognitive efficiency selectively in the memory judgment of temporal-order, but not in perceptual discrimination. Moreover, the correlation in individuals’ metacognitive efficiency between the domains disappeared when the precuneus was perturbed. Together with the previous finding that lesion to the anterior prefrontal cortex impairs perceptual but not mnemonic metacognition, we double dissociated the macro-anatomical underpinnings for the two kinds of metacognitive capacity in an interconnected network of brain regions.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTTheories on the neural basis of metacognition have thus far largely centered on the role of prefrontal cortex. Here we refined the theoretical framework through characterizing a unique precuneal involvement in mnemonic metacognition with a noninvasive but inferentially powerful method: transcranial magnetic stimulation. By quantifying meta-cognitive efficiency across two distinct domains (memory vs. perception) that are matched for stimulus characteristics, we reveal an instrumental – and highly selective – role of the precuneus in mnemonic metacognition. These causal evidence corroborate ample clinical reports that parietal lobe lesions often produce inaccurate self-reports of confidence in memory recollection and establish that the precuneus as a nexus for the introspective ability to evaluate the success of memory judgment in humans.

Facilitation of picture naming after repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation

Neurology ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 53 (8) ◽  
pp. 1806-1806 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. M. Mottaghy ◽  
M. Hungs ◽  
M. Brugmann ◽  
R. Sparing ◽  
B. Boroojerdi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Picture Naming ◽  
Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation

scholarly journals Non-invasive mapping of cortical categorization function by repetitive navigated transcranial magnetic stimulation

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefanie Maurer ◽  
Vicki Marie Butenschoen ◽  
Bernhard Meyer ◽  
Sandro M. Krieg
Keyword(s):  
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Mother Tongue ◽  
Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Error Rates ◽  
Cortical Mapping ◽  
Brain Functions ◽  
Preoperative Mapping ◽  
The Right ◽  
Living Objects

AbstractOver the past years navigated repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (nrTMS) had become increasingly important for the preoperative examination and mapping of eloquent brain areas. Among other applications it was demonstrated that the detection of neuropsychological function, such as arithmetic processing or face recognition, is feasible with nrTMS. In order to investigate the mapping of further brain functions, this study aims to investigate the cortical mapping of categorization function via nrTMS. 20 healthy volunteers purely right-handed, with German as mother tongue underwent nrTMS mapping using 5 Hz/10 pulses. 52 cortical spots spread over each hemisphere were stimulated. The task consisted of 80 pictures of living and non-living images, which the volunteers were instructed to categorize while the simulation pulses were applied. The highest error rates for all errors of all subjects were observed in the left hemisphere’s posterior middle frontal gyrus (pMFG) with an error rate of 60%, as well as in the right pMFG and posterior supra marginal gyrus (pSMG) (45%). In total the task processing of non-living objects elicited more errors in total, than the recognition of living objects. nrTMS is able to detect cortical categorization function. Moreover, the observed bihemispheric representation, as well as the higher error incidence for the recognition of non-living objects is well in accordance with current literature. Clinical applicability for preoperative mapping in brain tumor patients but also in general neuroscience has to be evaluated as the next step.

Alteration of Duration Mismatch Negativity Induced by Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Over the Left Parietal Lobe

2016 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hirokazu Oshima ◽  
Tetsuya Shiga ◽  
Shin-ichi Niwa ◽  
Hiroyuki Enomoto ◽  
Yoshikazu Ugawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Mismatch Negativity ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Parietal Lobe ◽  
Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Sound Stimulation ◽  
Ipsilateral Stimulation ◽  
Low Frequency Rtms

Mismatch negativity (MMN) is generated by a comparison between an incoming sound and the memory trace of preceding sounds stored in sensory memory without any attention to the sound. N100 (N1) is associated with the afferent response to sound onset and reflects early analysis of stimulus characteristics. MMN generators are present in the temporal and frontal lobe, and N1 generators are present in the temporal lobe. The parietal lobe is involved in MMN generation elicited by a change in duration. The anatomical network connecting these areas, lateralization, and the effect of the side of ear stimulation on MMN remain unknown. Thus, we studied the effects of low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) over the left parietal lobe on MMN and N1 in 10 healthy subjects. Low-frequency rTMS over the left parietal lobe decreased the amplitude of MMN following right ear sound stimulation, but the amplitude was unaffected with left ear sound stimulation. We observed no significant changes in the amplitude of N1 or the latency of MMN or N1. These results suggest that low-frequency rTMS over the left parietal lobe modulates the detection of early auditory changes in duration in healthy subjects. Stimulation that is contralateral to the side of the ear experiencing sound may affect the generation of duration MMN more than ipsilateral stimulation.

scholarly journals Presurgical language mapping in bilingual children using transcranial magnetic stimulation: illustrative case

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (14) ◽  
Author(s):  
Savannah K. Gibbs ◽  
Stephen Fulton ◽  
Basanagoud Mudigoudar ◽  
Frederick A. Boop ◽  
Shalini Narayana
Keyword(s):  
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Parietal Lobe ◽  
Tumor Resection ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
Functional Mapping ◽  
Bilingual Children ◽  
Illustrative Case ◽  
Language Mapping ◽  
Preoperative Mapping

BACKGROUND Presurgical mapping of eloquent cortex in young patients undergoing neurosurgery is critical but presents challenges unique to the pediatric population, including motion artifact, noncompliance, and sedation requirements. Furthermore, as bilingualism in children increases, functional mapping of more than one language is becoming increasingly critical. Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), a noninvasive brain stimulation technique, is well suited to evaluate language areas in children since it does not require the patient to remain still during mapping. OBSERVATIONS A 13-year-old bilingual male with glioblastoma multiforme involving the left parietal lobe and deep occipital white matter underwent preoperative language mapping using magnetic resonance imaging-guided TMS. Language-specific cortices were successfully identified in both hemispheres. TMS findings aided in discussing with the family the risks of postsurgical deficits of tumor resection; postoperatively, the patient had intact bilingual speech and was referred for chemotherapy and radiation. LESSONS The authors’ findings add to the evolving case for preoperative dual language mapping in bilingual neurosurgical candidates. The authors illustrate the feasibility and utility of TMS as a noninvasive functional mapping tool in this child. TMS is safe, effective, and can be used for preoperative mapping of language cortex in bilingual children to aid in surgical planning and discussion with families.

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