scholarly journals Terminal Logic Behavior and Strategic Defection of Governmental Officials during Presidential Transitions in Guatemala: Implications for the Sustainability of Food and Nutrition Security Policy

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica L Escobar-Alegria ◽  
Edward A Frongillo ◽  
Christine E Blake
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
Security Policy ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Snowball Sampling ◽  
Food And Nutrition Security ◽  
Nutrition Security ◽  
Presidential Transitions ◽  
Use Of Resources ◽  
Food And Nutrition

ABSTRACT Background Presidents with no possibility of re-election overvalue far-future rewards and succumb to terminal logic behavior (TLB), responding to end-of-tenure legacy concerns despite political context. Government authorities perceiving the outgoing government is losing power at the end of term behave under the logic of strategic defection (SD), dissociating from the outgoing government once it is perceived powerless. In countries where re-election is impossible and government turnover and inconstant political parties are concerns, governmental officials at all levels may show TLB and SD during transitions that affect policy sustainability. Objectives This study aimed to understand the context during presidential transitions that makes TLB and SD relevant, whether TLB and SD affect sustainability of food and nutrition security policy (FNSP), and the tactics for navigating transitions that favor sustainability. Methods A case-study design was used with semi-structured qualitative interviews and document review of news articles in Guatemala. Purposeful criteria and snowball sampling were used to recruit 52 policy actors implementing an FNSP across 2 transitions; 252 news articles from the referenced period covering topics on policy programmatic areas were purposefully sampled. Interviews were analyzed using coding and thematic analyses. News articles were analyzed using a priori thematic coding for verifying themes in interviews and data triangulation. Results Governmental officials were replaced by others during transitions; political parties were perceived as inconstant. TLB and SD occurred at all levels and had consequences for sustainability of FNSP: implementation slow-down, dysfunctional collaboration, inefficient use of resources, benefits not reaching targeted groups, and loss of momentum. These occurred through individual, institutional, and political mechanisms. Civil society, international organizations, and government adopted tactics for maximizing sustainability. Conclusions Understanding governmental officials’ experiences and the extent to which TLB and SD occur and affect sustainability could be advantageous to develop compensatory actions for reaching long-term FNSP goals.

Sustainability of food and nutrition security policy during presidential transitions

Food Policy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 83 ◽  
pp. 195-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica L. Escobar-Alegria ◽  
Edward A. Frongillo ◽  
Christine E. Blake
Keyword(s):  
Security Policy ◽  
Food And Nutrition Security ◽  
Nutrition Security ◽  
Presidential Transitions ◽  
Food And Nutrition

scholarly journals Sustainability of Food and Nutrition Security Policy during Presidential Transitions

2015 ◽  
Vol 29 (S1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica Escobar Alegria ◽  
Edward Frongillo ◽  
Christine Blake ◽  
Lee Walker ◽  
Gerald McDermott
Keyword(s):  
Security Policy ◽  
Food And Nutrition Security ◽  
Nutrition Security ◽  
Presidential Transitions ◽  
Food And Nutrition

scholarly journals Public policies of food and nutrition in Brazil: From Lula to Temer

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco de Assis Guedes de VASCONCELOS ◽  
Mick Lennon MACHADO ◽  
Maria Angélica Tavares de MEDEIROS ◽  
José Anael NEVES ◽  
Elisabetta RECINE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Security Policy ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Public Policies ◽  
School Nutrition ◽  
Budget Cuts ◽  
Eradication Program ◽  
Food And Nutrition Security ◽  
Nutrition Security ◽  
Adequate Food ◽  
Food And Nutrition

ABSTRACT Objective To analyze public policies on food and nutrition in Brazil, with emphasis on the last fifteen years (2003-2018). Methods Historical-documentary analysis based on a bibliographical survey on indexed bases and exploratory visits to websites of government agencies. Results The scientific and governmental findings were organized according to the Lula, Dilma and Temer governments. They explore the development of several public policies and welfare programs in food and nutrition, focusing mainly on Brazilian Hunger Eradication Program, Assistance for Needy Families Program, National Policy on Food and Nutrition Security, Food Acquisition Program, National School Nutrition Program, National Food and Nutrition Security Policy, National Food and Nutrition Surveillance System and Brazilian Misery Eradication Program. The centrality of the idea of the fight against hunger and misery in public policies during Lula’s first and second terms and Dilma’s first term stand out. Dilma’s second term is marked by the focus on healthy eating, as well as presenting the first signs of fragilization of public policies on food and nutrition. Currently, the Temer government is characterized by processes of institutional and programmatic rupture, budget cuts and setbacks in acquired rights. There is evidence of the need to activate national and international instruments to enforce the human right to adequate food and consequent strengthening of public policies on food and nutrition. Conclusion This period presents an expansion and qualification of public policies on food and nutrition, mainly in the Lula and Dilma administration, with setbacks in the Temer administration, in which continuous budget cuts weaken social, hunger reduction, poverty reduction and food and nutrition security policies.

scholarly journals State Plan for Food and Nutrition Security: Potentialities and limitations

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 413-422 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mick Lennon MACHADO ◽  
Cristine Garcia GABRIEL ◽  
Claudia SOAR ◽  
Janaina das NEVES ◽  
Juliana Theodora Cunha de OLIVEIRA
Keyword(s):  
Security Policy ◽  
The State ◽  
Financial Resources ◽  
Food And Nutrition Security ◽  
Nutrition Security ◽  
Support Strategies ◽  
Political Interests ◽  
Food And Nutrition ◽  
State Plan

ABSTRACT Objective To identify potentialities and limitations for the execution of a State Plan for Food and Nutrition Security. Methods This is a qualitative research, using as a case the State Plan of Food and Nutrition Security of the state of Santa Catarina. The data were collected from an interview with eight key informants nominated by the executive secretaries of the Food and Nutrition Security Council and the Inter-Sectoral Food and the state Nutrition Security Board. The analysis took place through the Collective Subject Discourse method. Results The main potentialities were the quality of the plan and the structuring of the National System of Food and Nutrition Security in the state. The main limitations were related to the financial resources, to political interests and to the structure of the Management Chamber. Conclusion It is hoped that this study may support strategies that strengthen potentialities and minimize the limitations identified in the case studied, as well as in similar state contexts, contributing to the qualification of the Plans and consequent execution of the Food and Nutrition Security Policy.

scholarly journals Farmers’ Adaptive Strategies in Balancing Commercial Farming and Consumption of Nutritious Foods: Case Study of Myanmar

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 4721
Author(s):  
Marion Herens ◽  
Monica Gabrielli ◽  
Bram Peters ◽  
Jan Brouwers ◽  
Diane Bosch
Keyword(s):  
Social Innovation ◽  
Adaptation Strategies ◽  
Life Course Perspective ◽  
Food And Nutrition Security ◽  
Nutrition Security ◽  
Area Of Interest ◽  
Use Of Resources ◽  
Household Food ◽  
Entry Points ◽  
Food And Nutrition

Food systems undergo rapid changes in response to economic and market forces, and environmental and dietary changes. This study aimed to disentangle adaptation strategies in farm households balancing interests in the commercial aspects of farming and the consumption of nutritious foods. The area of interest was Central Myanmar, Pakokku region. A literature-based framework was used to identify entry points for adaptation strategies at the farm household level. A purposive sampling strategy was used to select smallholders (<5 acres), engaged in market-oriented agriculture (≥10 years). In 14 households, in-depth interviews were conducted, using a life course perspective depicting the household history in relation to agricultural developments and household food and nutrition security. The narratives of smallholders confirmed that household food and nutrition security was grounded in mixed livelihood strategies, including migration. Diet quality depended largely on income. Supportive strategies were a frugal lifestyle, responsible use of resources, participation in community activities, and different forms of social innovation. The study shows how the understanding of local diets provides insights in entry points for nutrition-sensitive agriculture, and suggests a need for alternative adaptation strategies, replacing those promoting specialization and intensification, for more holistic solutions that reinforce the flexibility and resilience of farmers.

scholarly journals Food and Nutrition Security Policy in Brazil: Focus on tackling micronutrient deficiency

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wendell Costa Bila ◽  
Joel Alves Lamounier ◽  
Inocencia Palmira Peralta López ◽  
Ana María Lozano Alemán ◽  
Camilo Adauton Mariano da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Security Policy ◽  
Micronutrient Deficiency ◽  
Food And Nutrition Security ◽  
Nutrition Security ◽  
Food And Nutrition

scholarly journals Government-Subsidized Restaurants as promoters of the realization of the Human Right to Adequate Food: Proposal of an evaluation model

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliana Theodora Cunha OLIVEIRA ◽  
Cristine Garcia GABRIEL ◽  
Mick Lennon MACHADO ◽  
Marinez Fregulia RÉOS ◽  
Claudia SOAR ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Security Policy ◽  
Evaluation Model ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Human Right ◽  
Logical Model ◽  
Food And Nutrition Security ◽  
Nutrition Security ◽  
Adequate Food ◽  
Food And Nutrition ◽  
Evaluation Matrix

ABSTRACT Objective This article presents an evaluation model for Government-Subsidized Restaurants within the framework of the National Food and Nutrition Security Policy. Methods This is an evaluation study. The Evaluation Matrix was elaborated from five stages: systematized revision for elaboration of the theoretical-logical model; immersion process; construction of the preliminary theoretical-logical model; consensus workshops, through the traditional committee technique; elaboration of the evaluation matrix proposal; and external consensus with specialists in the subject and in the implementation and management of Government-Subsidized Restaurants. Results The proposed matrix contemplates two dimensions: Political-Organizational, with the subdimensions: Management, Structure and Target Public; and Technical-Operational, with the sub-dimensions: Adequate Food, Food and Nutrition Education, and Extended Public Assistance. Twenty-four indicators and 29 measures were listed. Conclusion The findings point to the need for advances in evaluation methodologies that contemplate Food and Nutrition Security as the guiding principle of the actions performed by Government-Subsidized Restaurants. Thus, the evaluation matrix presented aims to contribute to the improvement of the GSR as a multifunctional tool, promoter of Food and Nutrition Security and the realization of the Human Right to Adequate Food within the National Food and Nutrition Security Policy.

scholarly journals The Brazilian school feeding programme: an example of an integrated programme in support of food and nutrition security

2012 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 989-994 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emilie Sidaner ◽  
Daniel Balaban ◽  
Luciene Burlandy
Keyword(s):  
Nutrition Education ◽  
Security Policy ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Food System ◽  
National Council ◽  
School Meals ◽  
Food And Nutrition Security ◽  
Nutrition Security ◽  
School Feeding ◽  
Food And Nutrition

AbstractObjectiveThe present paper analyses the advances and challenges of the school feeding programme in Brazil (PNAE), as part of the Brazilian experience building up an integrated food and nutrition security national system. It explores the role of policy and regulatory frameworks in constructing quality service delivery and intersectoral integration.DesignReview of PNAE and federal government technical documents and studies, legislation, minutes of meetings and official documents of the National Council of Food and Nutrition Security from 2003 to 2011.SettingFood insecurity has decreased significantly in Brazil in the last decade, indicating that appropriate choices were made in terms of public policies and institutional arrangements, which other countries can learn from.SubjectsBrazil food and nutrition security system; school feeding; school food.ResultsBrazil's integrated food and nutrition security policy approach promoted intersectorality in the food system, articulating actions to guarantee access to healthy food and to strengthen family farming. The quality of school meals has progressively improved; in particular, the availability of fruits and vegetables increased. However, national standards regarding menu composition have not yet been met. Regulations were an important factor, along with the policy approach linking food production, nutrition, health and education. Challenges are related to conflict of interests and to farmers’ insufficient capacity to meet supply requirements and comply with technical procedures.ConclusionsLocal food production, school meals and nutrition education can be linked through integrated programmes and policies, improving access to healthier foods. Government leadership, strong legislation, civil society participation and intersectoral decision making are determinant.

How country policy actors understand sustainability of food and nutrition security policy

2022 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 100603
Author(s):  
Jessica L. Escobar-Alegria ◽  
Edward A. Frongillo ◽  
Christine E. Blake
Keyword(s):  
Security Policy ◽  
Policy Actors ◽  
Food And Nutrition Security ◽  
Nutrition Security ◽  
Food And Nutrition
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