Cost Estimates for Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Care and Patient Characteristics for Health Resource Use From Linkage of Claims Data With the Swiss HIV Cohort Study

Abstract Background Pastoralist communities are known to be hard to reach. The magnitude of temporary disengagement from human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) care is understudied. Methods We conducted a retrospective cohort study of temporary disengagement (2 weeks late for a next appointment), virologic response, lost to follow-up (6 months late) and re-engagement in care among patients who started antiretroviral therapy between 2014 and 2016 in Baringo County, Kenya. Predictors of re-engagement after disengagement were estimated using logistic regression. Results Of 342 patients, 76.9% disengaged at least once (range 0–7). Of 218 patients with a viral load (VL), 78.0% had a suppressed VL. Those with a history of temporary disengagement from care were less likely to suppress their VL (p=0.002). Six patients had treatment failure (two consecutive VLs >1000 copies/mm3) and all had disengaged at least once. After disengagement from care, male patients (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 0.3 [95% confidence interval {CI} 0.2 to 0.6]; p<0.001) and patients with World Health Organization stage III–IV (aOR 0.3 [95% CI 0.1 to 0.5; p<0.001) were less likely to re-engage in care. Conclusions Temporary disengagement was frequent in this pastoralist setting. This indicator is often overlooked, as most studies only report binary outcomes, such as retention in care. Innovative strategies are required to achieve HIV control in rural settings like this pastoralist setting.

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Modifications of health resource-use in Italy after the introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Pharmaco-economic implications in a population-based setting

Health Policy ◽

10.1016/s0168-8510(03)00002-2 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 65 (3) ◽

pp. 261-267 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Carlo Torti ◽

Salvatore Casari ◽

Loredana Palvarini ◽

Eugenia Quiros-Roldan ◽

Francesca Moretti ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽

Antiretroviral Therapy ◽

Hiv Infection ◽

Resource Use ◽

Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy ◽

Population Based ◽

Health Resource ◽

Economic Implications ◽

Highly Active ◽

Immunodeficiency Virus

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Faculty Opinions recommendation of Epidemiology and outcome of infections in human immunodeficiency virus/hepatitis C virus-coinfected liver transplant recipients: a FIPSE/GESIDA prospective cohort study.

Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature ◽

10.3410/f.13830960.15270063 ◽

2012 ◽

Author(s):

Doug Dieterich ◽

Valerie Martel-Laferriere

Keyword(s):

Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽

Cohort Study ◽

Hepatitis C Virus ◽

Hepatitis C ◽

Liver Transplant ◽

Prospective Cohort ◽

Virus Hepatitis ◽

Transplant Recipients ◽

Immunodeficiency Virus ◽

Liver Transplant Recipients

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Epidemiological, Virological and Serological Features of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Cases in People Living With Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Wuhan: A Population-based Cohort Study

Clinical Infectious Diseases ◽

10.1093/cid/ciaa1186 ◽

2020 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Jiao Huang ◽

Nianhua Xie ◽

Xuejiao Hu ◽

Han Yan ◽

Jie Ding ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽

Cohort Study ◽

Demographic Data ◽

Case Fatality ◽

Population Based ◽

Severe Illness ◽

Viral Loads ◽

Viral Shedding ◽

Signal Value ◽

Immunodeficiency Virus

Abstract Background We aimed to describe the epidemiological, virological, and serological features of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases in people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV; PLWH). Methods This population-based cohort study identified all COVID-19 cases among all PLWH in Wuhan, China, by 16 April 2020. The epidemiological, virological, and serological features were analyzed based on the demographic data, temporal profile of nucleic acid test for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) during the disease, and SARS-CoV-2–specific immunoglobin (Ig) M and G after recovery. Results From 1 January to 16 April 2020, 35 of 6001 PLWH experienced COVID-19, with a cumulative incidence of COVID-19 of 0.58% (95% confidence interval [CI], .42–.81%). Among the COVID-19 cases, 15 (42.86) had severe illness, with 2 deaths. The incidence, case-severity, and case-fatality rates of COVID-19 in PLWH were comparable to those in the entire population in Wuhan. There were 197 PLWH who had discontinued combination antiretroviral therapy (cART), 4 of whom experienced COVID-19. Risk factors for COVID-19 were age ≥50 years old and cART discontinuation. The median duration of SARS-CoV-2 viral shedding among confirmed COVID-19 cases in PLWH was 30 days (interquartile range, 20–46). Cases with high HIV viral loads (≥20 copies/mL) had lower IgM and IgG levels than those with low HIV viral loads (<20 copies/ml; median signal value divided by the cutoff value [S/CO] for IgM, 0.03 vs 0.11, respectively [P < .001]; median S/CO for IgG, 10.16 vs 17.04, respectively [P = .069]). Conclusions Efforts are needed to maintain the persistent supply of antiretroviral treatment to elderly PLWH aged 50 years or above during the COVID-19 epidemic. The coinfection of HIV and SARS-CoV-2 might change the progression and prognosis of COVID-19 patients in PLWH.

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