Comparison of four kits for enzymatic determination of ethanol in blood.

Abstract We compared results obtained with four commercially available kits for the enzymatic (alcohol dehydrogenase) determination of ethanol in blood, in a practical test in which standardized blood samples were used. Each of the kits yielded reliable results with acceptable reproducibility. A tendency to record slightly lower values in the intermediate and high alcohol range is most likely related to incomplete (inhomogeneous) deproteinization. Blood samples containing ethanol plus various concentrations of methanol and isopropanol were analyzed to evaluate the specificity of assays. Highly toxic blood concentrations of methanol (1.5 g/liter) increased apparent ethanol values only insignificantly, but even small concentrations of isopropanol (0.5 g/liter) interfered in all kits to different but substantial extents. The specific technical characteristics of the kits, their advantages and disadvantages are discussed. Costs are compared for analysis of small numbers of samples.

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Enzymatic determination of ethanol based on the intrinsic fluorescence of alcohol dehydrogenase

Analytica Chimica Acta ◽

10.1016/s0003-2670(96)00617-4 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 343 (1-2) ◽

pp. 117-123 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

S. de Marcos ◽

J. Galbán ◽

R. Albajez ◽

J.R. Castillo

Keyword(s):

Alcohol Dehydrogenase ◽

Intrinsic Fluorescence ◽

Enzymatic Determination

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Enzymatic determination of fatty acids using alcohol dehydrogenase from horse liver

Mendeleev Communications ◽

10.1070/mc2003v013n02abeh001698 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

pp. 76-77 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Pavel V. Bychkov ◽

Tatyana N. Shekhovtsova

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Alcohol Dehydrogenase ◽

Enzymatic Determination ◽

Horse Liver

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Enzymatic determination of serum ethanol with membrane-bound dehydrogenase.

Clinical Chemistry ◽

10.1093/clinchem/31.12.1985 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 31 (12) ◽

pp. 1985-1987 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

H Takei ◽

K Nakashima ◽

O Adachi ◽

E Shinagawa ◽

M Ameyama

Keyword(s):

Alcohol Dehydrogenase ◽

Calibration Curve ◽

Chromatographic Method ◽

Pyridine Nucleotides ◽

Enzymatic Method ◽

Enzymatic Determination ◽

Membrane Bound ◽

Gas Chromatographic Method ◽

Indicator Dye

Abstract In this enzymatic method for detecting ethanol in blood by use of membrane-bound microbial alcohol dehydrogenase (no EC no. assigned), the enzyme catalyzes the reaction irreversibly and the rate of oxidation can be monitored by spectrophotometry of the reduction of the indicator dye. No pyridine nucleotides such as NAD+ or NADP+ are used. The calibration curve is linear in the range of 0.1 to 4.0 g of ethanol per liter. Assays of 45 samples of serum having ethanol values ranging from 0.4 to 3.2 g/L by the described technique and a gas-chromatographic method gave respective means of 1.734 and 1.732 g/L (r = 0.954).

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An Automated Fluorometric Procedure for the Enzymatic Determination of Ethanol in Fingertip Blood

Clinical Chemistry ◽

10.1093/clinchem/15.2.91 ◽

1969 ◽

Vol 15 (2) ◽

pp. 91-101 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

Fred W Ellis ◽

John B Hill

Keyword(s):

Whole Blood ◽

Accurate Determination ◽

Blood Analysis ◽

Blood Samples ◽

Enzymatic Determination ◽

Dehydrogenase Reaction ◽

Whole Blood Analysis ◽

Immediate Analysis ◽

Time Required

Abstract An automated fluorometric procedure, using AutoAnalyzer modules and based on the alcohol dehydrogenase reaction, has been developed for the determination of ethanol in fingertip capillary blood samples. Whole blood is measured directly from the finger prick into 0.02-ml. capacity automatic-filling disposable micropipets. The sample is quickly discharged into an AutoAnalyzer cup containing 1.0 ml. of water. This dilution can be placed on the sampler plate for immediate analysis or preserved under refrigeration for future use. The time required for sample flow from sampler to fluorometer cuvet (and recording of results) is 16 min. The coefficient of variation of replicate analyses is approximately 1%. Analyses of blood to which varying amounts of ethanol was added gave a mean recovery of 101%. As described, the method is designed to extend over the ethanol concentration range of 10-300 mg./100 ml. of whole blood. Analysis of undiluted blood or of weaker dilutions of blood samples would permit the accurate determination of as little ethanol in whole blood as 0.2 mg./100 ml. or as much as 600 mg./100 ml.

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Determination of Lidocaine in Postmortem Whole Blood Samples after Unsuccessful Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation

Separations ◽

10.3390/separations8080117 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (8) ◽

pp. 117

Author(s):

Amvrosios Orfanidis ◽

Nikolaos Raikos ◽

Evdokia Brousa ◽

Eleni Zangelidou ◽

Orthodoxia Mastrogianni

Keyword(s):

Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ◽

Whole Blood ◽

Biological Fluids ◽

Blood Concentrations ◽

Blood Samples ◽

Quantitation Limit ◽

A Value ◽

Whole Blood Samples ◽

Accuracy And Repeatability

Forensic toxicologists often detect lidocaine in the biological fluids of the deceased, due to cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) attempts prior to death. Here, we describe the development of a rapid, sensitive and robust method for the detection of lidocaine in postmortem whole blood using liquid−liquid extraction (LLE) followed by GC/MS analysis. The method showed a dynamic linear range of 100 to 6000 ng/mL with a linearity expressed by the regression coefficient (R2) and a value of 0.9947. The quantitation limit (LOQ) was found to be 0.03 ng/mL and the detection limit (LOD) 0.01 ng/mL. Recovery accuracy and repeatability were satisfactory. Finally, the method was applied to 23 real whole blood samples from cases where CPR was attempted. Blood concentrations ranged from 0.21–0.96 μg/mL.

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Enzymatic determination of blood ethanol, with amperometric measurement of rate of oxygen depletion.

Clinical Chemistry ◽

10.1093/clinchem/24.4.621 ◽

1978 ◽

Vol 24 (4) ◽

pp. 621-626 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

F S Cheng ◽

G D Christian

Keyword(s):

Horseradish Peroxidase ◽

Alcohol Dehydrogenase ◽

Whole Blood ◽

Oxygen Sensing ◽

Electrochemical Measurement ◽

Oxygen Depletion ◽

Alcohol Concentration ◽

Spectrophotometric Methods ◽

Enzymatic Determination

Abstract A rapid electrochemical measurement of blood ethanol is proposed. Alcohol is oxidized by NAD+ in the presence of alcohol dehydrogenase; and the NADH produced is aerobically oxidized by horseradish peroxidase. The rate of depletion of buffer-carried oxygen, which is directly proportional to the alcohol concentration in the sample, is amperometrically monitored with a membrane oxygen-sensing electrode. Only a 5-microliter sample of whole blood is required, with no deproteinization, incubation, extraction, or dilution. Results, obtained in less than 1 min, correlate well with those obtained by gas-chromatographic and spectrophotometric methods.

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