scholarly journals Debating new strategies for cardiac protection in the ageing heart in Naples, Italy: news from the joint meeting of the ESC Working Groups of Myocardial Function and Cellular Biology of the Heart

2020 ◽  
Vol 116 (11) ◽  
pp. 1802-1804
Author(s):  
Maurizio Pesce ◽  
Christian Bär ◽  
Rosalinda Madonna ◽  
Thomas Thum
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Function ◽  
Joint Meeting ◽  
Cellular Biology ◽  
Cardiac Protection ◽  
Working Groups ◽  
New Strategies

scholarly journals Cardiac dysfunction in cancer patients: beyond direct cardiomyocyte damage of anticancer drugs: novel cardio-oncology insights from the joint 2019 meeting of the ESC Working Groups of Myocardial Function and Cellular Biology of the Heart

2020 ◽  
Vol 116 (11) ◽  
pp. 1820-1834 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlo Gabriele Tocchetti ◽  
Pietro Ameri ◽  
Rudolf A de Boer ◽  
Yuri D’Alessandra ◽  
Michele Russo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Dysfunction ◽  
Myocardial Function ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Multiple Roles ◽  
Cellular Biology ◽  
Ageing Population ◽  
Working Groups ◽  
Cv Disease ◽  
Shared Risk

Abstract In western countries, cardiovascular (CV) disease and cancer are the leading causes of death in the ageing population. Recent epidemiological data suggest that cancer is more frequent in patients with prevalent or incident CV disease, in particular, heart failure (HF). Indeed, there is a tight link in terms of shared risk factors and mechanisms between HF and cancer. HF induced by anticancer therapies has been extensively studied, primarily focusing on the toxic effects that anti-tumour treatments exert on cardiomyocytes. In this Cardio-Oncology update, members of the ESC Working Groups of Myocardial Function and Cellular Biology of the Heart discuss novel evidence interconnecting cardiac dysfunction and cancer via pathways in which cardiomyocytes may be involved but are not central. In particular, the multiple roles of cardiac stromal cells (endothelial cells and fibroblasts) and inflammatory cells are highlighted. Also, the gut microbiota is depicted as a new player at the crossroads between HF and cancer. Finally, the role of non-coding RNAs in Cardio-Oncology is also addressed. All these insights are expected to fuel additional research efforts in the field of Cardio-Oncology.

scholarly journals Interaction of the heart and its close and distant neighbours: report of the Meeting of the ESC Working Groups Myocardial Function and Cellular Biology

2013 ◽  
Vol 99 (4) ◽  
pp. 595-599 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emilio Hirsch ◽  
Denise Hilfiker-Kleiner ◽  
Jean-Luc Balligand ◽  
Guido Tarone ◽  
Leon De Windt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Function ◽  
Cellular Biology ◽  
Working Groups

scholarly journals Non-coding RNAs: update on mechanisms and therapeutic targets from the ESC Working Groups of Myocardial Function and Cellular Biology of the Heart

2020 ◽  
Vol 116 (11) ◽  
pp. 1805-1819 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Bär ◽  
Shambhabi Chatterjee ◽  
Inês Falcão Pires ◽  
Patrícia Rodrigues ◽  
Joost P G Sluijter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular System ◽  
Myocardial Function ◽  
Cardiac Development ◽  
Extracellular Vesicle ◽  
Cellular Biology ◽  
Circular Rnas ◽  
Mediated Communication ◽  
Cardiovascular Therapy ◽  
Working Groups ◽  
New Research

Abstract Vast parts of mammalian genomes are actively transcribed, predominantly giving rise to non-coding RNA (ncRNA) transcripts including microRNAs, long ncRNAs, and circular RNAs among others. Contrary to previous opinions that most of these RNAs are non-functional molecules, they are now recognized as critical regulators of many physiological and pathological processes including those of the cardiovascular system. The discovery of functional ncRNAs has opened up new research avenues aiming at understanding ncRNA-related disease mechanisms as well as exploiting them as novel therapeutics in cardiovascular therapy. In this review, we give an update on the current progress in ncRNA research, particularly focusing on cardiovascular physiological and disease processes, which are under current investigation at the ESC Working Groups of Myocardial Function and Cellular Biology of the Heart. This includes a range of topics such as extracellular vesicle-mediated communication, neurohormonal regulation, inflammation, cardiac remodelling, cardio-oncology as well as cardiac development and regeneration, collectively highlighting the wide-spread involvement and importance of ncRNAs in the cardiovascular system.

scholarly journals The Mechanobiology of the Actin Cytoskeleton in Stem Cells during Differentiation and Interaction with Biomaterials

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
X. Ambriz ◽  
P. de Lanerolle ◽  
J. R. Ambrosio
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Actin Cytoskeleton ◽  
Cell Biology ◽  
Culture Conditions ◽  
Cellular Biology ◽  
Stem Cell Biology ◽  
Cell Culture Conditions ◽  
New Strategies

An understanding of the cytoskeleton’s importance in stem cells is essential for their manipulation and further clinical application. The cytoskeleton is crucial in stem cell biology and depends on physical and chemicals signals to define its structure. Additionally, cell culture conditions will be important in the proper maintenance of stemness, lineage commitment, and differentiation. This review focuses on the following areas: the role of the actin cytoskeleton of stem cells during differentiation, the significance of cellular morphology, signaling pathways involved in cytoskeletal rearrangement in stem cells, and the mechanobiology and mechanotransduction processes implicated in the interactions of stem cells with different surfaces of biomaterials, such as nanotopography, which is a physical cue influencing the differentiation of stem cells. Also, cancer stem cells are included since it is necessary to understand the role of their mechanical properties to develop new strategies to treat cancer. In this context, to study the stem cells requires integrated disciplines, including molecular and cellular biology, chemistry, physics, and immunology, as well as mechanobiology. Finally, since one of the purposes of studying stem cells is for their application in regenerative medicine, the deepest understanding is necessary in order to establish safety protocols and effective cell-based therapies.

Myocardial preconditioning using adenosine: review and clinical experience

Perfusion ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Debra L Zarro ◽  
David A Palanzo ◽  
Farrokh S Sadr
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Function ◽  
Reperfusion Injury ◽  
Myocardial Function ◽  
Artery Bypass ◽  
Breakdown Product ◽  
Bypass Grafting ◽  
Ischaemic Preconditioning ◽  
Cardiac Protection ◽  
Myocardial Preconditioning ◽  
Made In

Adenosine is an endogenous nucleotide and a breakdown product of adenosine triphosphate. Adenosine has been proposed as a mediator of the ischaemic preconditioning phenomenon. Ischaemic reperfusion injury incurred during and following cardiopulmonary bypass contributes to depressed myocardial function after cardiac surgery. It is believed that administering adenosine via the aortic root, immediately following aortic crossclamping as well as just prior to removal of the aortic crossclamp, provides myocardial preconditioning resulting in improved cardiac protection during ischaemic arrest and retarding ischaemic reperfusion injury. A retrospective analysis was done utilizing consecutive patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting performed by the same surgeon. Some of the patients received myocardial preconditioning with adenosine. A comparison was made in postoperative cardiac function between patients who underwent myocardial preconditioning and those who did not receive adenosine. Results demonstrate a greater improvement in postoperative cardiac function, when compared to preoperative values, in those patients receiving myocardial preconditioning with adenosine.

scholarly journals Cardiomyocyte ageing and cardioprotection: consensus document from the ESC working groups cell biology of the heart and myocardial function

2020 ◽  
Vol 116 (11) ◽  
pp. 1835-1849 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marisol Ruiz-Meana ◽  
Diana Bou-Teen ◽  
Péter Ferdinandy ◽  
Mariann Gyongyosi ◽  
Maurizio Pesce ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Biology ◽  
Myocardial Function ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Advanced Age ◽  
Consensus Document ◽  
Ischaemia Reperfusion ◽  
Working Groups ◽  
Coronary Syndromes ◽  
Active Research ◽  
Increased Susceptibility

Abstract Advanced age is a major predisposing risk factor for the incidence of coronary syndromes and comorbid conditions which impact the heart response to cardioprotective interventions. Advanced age also significantly increases the risk of developing post-ischaemic adverse remodelling and heart failure after ischaemia/reperfusion (IR) injury. Some of the signalling pathways become defective or attenuated during ageing, whereas others with well-known detrimental consequences, such as glycoxidation or proinflammatory pathways, are exacerbated. The causative mechanisms responsible for all these changes are yet to be elucidated and are a matter of active research. Here, we review the current knowledge about the pathophysiology of cardiac ageing that eventually impacts on the increased susceptibility of cells to IR injury and can affect the efficiency of cardioprotective strategies.

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