scholarly journals Sulcatol: Enantiospecific Attractant for Monarthrum mali (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae), Leptostylus asperatus (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) and Associated Predators

2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 593-600
Author(s):  
D R Miller ◽  
C M Crowe
Keyword(s):  
Aggregation Pheromone ◽  
Ambrosia Beetle ◽  
Beetle Species ◽  
Pheromone Response ◽  
North Central ◽  
Interspecific Relationships ◽  
Baited Traps ◽  
Longhorn Beetle ◽  
Forested Ecosystems

Abstract In 2014–2019, we conducted six experiments in north-central Georgia in an attempt to verify the aggregation pheromone response of the ambrosia beetle Gnathotrichus materiarius (Fitch) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae: Scolytini: Corthylina) to sulcatol known to be produced by male G. materiarius; we failed to catch any G. materiarius. However, we did find that another corthyline ambrosia beetle species Monarthrum mali (Fitch) was attracted to (R)-(–)-sulcatol, whereas the longhorn beetle Leptostylus asperatus (Haldeman) (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae: Lamiinae) was attracted to (S)-(+)-sulcatol. Attraction of both species was unaffected by the respective antipodes. Ethanol enhanced attraction of both species to traps baited with sulcatol. In at least one experiment, attraction to ethanol-baited traps was enhanced by sulcatol for Xylosandrus crassiusculus (Motschulsky), Xyleborus spp., and Hypothenemus spp. but reduced for Cnestus mutilatus (Blandford) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae). Additionally, traps baited with ethanol and racemic sulcatol [50% (S)-(+): 50% (R)-(-)] caught the greatest numbers of four species of beetle predators: Coptodera aerata Dejean (Coleoptera: Carabidae), Colydium lineola Say (Coleoptera: Zopheridae), Madoniella dislocata (Say), and Pyticeroides laticornis (Say) (Coleoptera: Cleridae). Ethanol but not sulcatol attracted Temnoscheila virescens (F.) (Coleoptera: Trogossitidae). Information on interspecific relationships within forested communities may help us to better determine the roles of these species in maintaining stable and resilient forested ecosystems.

Disruption of red turpentine beetle attraction to baited traps by the addition of California fivespined ips pheromone components

2005 ◽  
Vol 137 (6) ◽  
pp. 748-752 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher J. Fettig ◽  
Robert R. Borys ◽  
Christopher P. Dabney ◽  
Stephen R. McKelvey ◽  
Daniel R. Cluck ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Bark Beetle ◽  
Aggregation Pheromone ◽  
Ips Paraconfusus ◽  
Management Tool ◽  
Beetle Species ◽  
Baited Traps ◽  
Pheromone Components ◽  
Temnochila Chlorodia ◽  
Cut Stumps

AbstractThe red turpentine beetle, Dendroctonus valens LeConte (Coleoptera: Scolytidae), is a common bark beetle species found throughout much of North America. In California, D. valens and the California fivespined ips, Ips paraconfusus Lanier (Coleoptera: Scolytidae), are sympatric and often colonize the same tree. In an unrelated study, we observed that I. paraconfusus attack densities in logging debris were inversely related to D. valens attacks on freshly cut stumps. In this study, we test the hypothesis that allomonal inhibition occurs between these two species. Components of the aggregation pheromone of I. paraconfusus (racemic ipsenol, (+)-ipsdienol, and (–)-cis-verbenol) inhibited the response of D. valens to attractant-baited traps. Substitution of racemic ipsdienol for (+)-ipsdienol did not alter this effect. Doubling the release rate did not enhance inhibition. Racemic ipsdienol was not attractive to I. paraconfusus. Temnochila chlorodia (Mannerheim, 1843) (Coleoptera: Trogositidae), a common bark beetle predator, was attracted to the I. paraconfusus aggregation pheromone. These results could have important implications for the development of an effective semiochemical-based management tool for D. valens.

LINEATIN ENANTIOMER PREFERENCE, FLIGHT PERIODS, AND EFFECT OF PHEROMONE CONCENTRATION AND TRAP LENGTH ON THREE SYMPATRIC SPECIES OF TRYPODENDRON (COLEOPTERA: SCOLYTIDAE)

2000 ◽  
Vol 132 (6) ◽  
pp. 877-887 ◽  
Author(s):  
B.S. Lindgren ◽  
S.E.R. Hoover ◽  
A.M. MacIsaac ◽  
C.I. Keeling ◽  
K.N. Slessor
Keyword(s):  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Reproductive Isolation ◽  
Release Rate ◽  
Sympatric Species ◽  
Ambrosia Beetle ◽  
Flight Period ◽  
Trypodendron Lineatum ◽  
Temporal Separation ◽  
Baited Traps ◽  
Pheromone Concentration

AbstractThe effects of lineatin enantiomer ratios, lineatin release rate, and trap length on catches and the flight periods of three sympatric species of Trypodendron Stephens were investigated in field bioassays using multiple-funnel traps. The ambrosia beetle, Trypodendron betulae Swaine, was caught in similar numbers in baited traps and blank control traps, showing that this species does not respond to lineatin. Our results confirmed that Trypodendron lineatum (Olivier) is attracted only to (+)-lineatin. Trypodendron rufitarsus (Kirby) and Trypodendron retusum (LeConte) were shown to utilize lineatin and like T. lineatum were caught only when (+)-lineatin was present. These results indicate that lineatin does not govern reproductive isolation among these three species. There was no effect by (+)-lineatin release rate within the range tested. The flight of T. rufitarsus commenced earlier and ceased before the peak of the T. lineatum flight, suggesting that temporal separation may be an important component of reproductive isolation between these two species. The flight period of T. retusum was similar to that of T. lineatum. Host odours may aid in reproductive isolation of these two species. Enantiomer blend did not significantly affect sex ratio in any species; however, sex ratio differed among species, indicating that different species responded differently to the traps or that natural sex ratios differ. Catches of T. rufitarsus and T. retusum increased with trap length when pheromone release per trap was held constant and when release was held constant relative to trap length. Trap length and release rate did not affect sex ratio.

scholarly journals Exploiting trap color to improve surveys of longhorn beetles

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giacomo Cavaletto ◽  
Massimo Faccoli ◽  
Lorenzo Marini ◽  
Johannes Spaethe ◽  
Filippo Giannone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Beetle Species ◽  
Mixed Response ◽  
Longhorn Beetles ◽  
Longhorn Beetle ◽  
Trap Color ◽  
Surveillance Programs ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Flower Visiting ◽  
Species Richness And Abundance

AbstractLonghorn beetles are commonly moved among continents within wood packaging materials used in trades. Visual inspections carried out at points of entry often fail to detect exotic longhorn beetles as infested materials may have little or no sign of colonization. Black-colored traps baited with pheromones and host volatiles are thus used to improve chances of detection. Here we tested whether existing surveillance protocols for longhorn beetles can be further improved using trap colors different than black. Baited traps of eight different colors (i.e., grey, yellow, green, red, blue, brown, purple and black) were deployed in a randomized complete block design at 16 sites in northern Italy in 2019. A total of 6,001 individuals from 56 longhorn beetle species were trapped. In general, yellow and blue traps caught a significantly higher number of longhorn beetle species than black traps. In addition, trap color significantly affected species richness and abundance at the subfamily and species level, with mixed response mostly linked to the habit of visiting flowers for food. Flower-visiting longhorn beetles mainly exhibited clear preference for flower-related colors, i.e., yellow, green and blue, whereas non-flower-visiting species were more attracted by dark and long-wavelength-dominated colors, like red and brown. Our results clearly indicate that generic surveillance programs should not rely exclusively on black traps and that the use of more trap colors can strongly improve the chance of detecting native and exotic longhorn beetles potentially moved with trades.

scholarly journals Verbenone Inhibits Attraction of Ips pini (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) to Pheromone-Baited Traps in Northern Arizona

2020 ◽  
Vol 113 (6) ◽  
pp. 3017-3020
Author(s):  
Monica L Gaylord ◽  
Stephen R McKelvey ◽  
Christopher J Fettig ◽  
Joel D McMillin
Keyword(s):  
Aggregation Pheromone ◽  
Pinus Ponderosa ◽  
Ponderosa Pine ◽  
Tree Mortality ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Current Treatment ◽  
Northern Arizona ◽  
Pine Engraver ◽  
Baited Traps ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Recent outbreaks of engraver beetles, Ips spp. De Geer (Coleoptera: Curculionidae; Scolytinae), in ponderosa pine, Pinus ponderosa var. scopulorum Engelm. (Pinales: Pinaceae), forests of northern Arizona have resulted in widespread tree mortality. Current treatment options, such as spraying individual P. ponderosa with insecticides or deep watering of P. ponderosa in urban and periurban settings, are limited in applicability and scale. Thinning stands to increase tree vigor is also recommended, but appropriate timing is crucial. Antiaggregation pheromones, widely used to protect high-value trees or areas against attacks by several species of Dendroctonus Erichson (Coleoptera: Curculionidae; Scolytinae), would provide a feasible alternative with less environmental impacts than current treatments. We evaluated the efficacy of the antiaggregation pheromone verbenone (4,6,6-trimethylbicyclo[3.1.1]hept-3-en-2-one) in reducing attraction of pine engraver, I. pini (Say), to funnel traps baited with their aggregation pheromone in two trapping assays. Treatments included 1) unbaited control, 2) aggregation pheromone (bait), 3) bait with verbenone deployed from a pouch, and 4) bait with verbenone deployed from a flowable and biodegradable formulation (SPLAT Verb, ISCA Technologies Inc., Riverside, CA). Unbaited traps caught no beetles. In both assays, baited traps caught significantly more I. pini than traps with either formulation of verbenone, and no significant difference was observed between the verbenone pouch and SPLAT Verb. In the second assay, we also examined responses of Temnochila chlorodia (Mannerheim) (Coleoptera: Trogositidae), a common bark beetle predator. Traps containing verbenone pouches caught significantly fewer T. chlorodia than the baited control and SPLAT Verb treatments. We conclude that verbenone shows promise for reducing tree mortality from I. pini.

Biological factors contributing to bark and ambrosia beetle species diversification

Evolution ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 71 (5) ◽  
pp. 1258-1272 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jostein Gohli ◽  
Lawrence R. Kirkendall ◽  
Sarah M. Smith ◽  
Anthony I. Cognato ◽  
Jiri Hulcr ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ambrosia Beetle ◽  
Beetle Species ◽  
Biological Factors ◽  
Species Diversification

scholarly journals The Risk of Bark and Ambrosia Beetles Associated with Imported Non-Coniferous Wood and Potential Horizontal Phytosanitary Measures

Forests ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 342
Author(s):  
Fabienne Grousset ◽  
Jean-Claude Grégoire ◽  
Hervé Jactel ◽  
Andrea Battisti ◽  
Anita Benko Beloglavec ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Ambrosia Beetle ◽  
Full Detail ◽  
Indigenous Species ◽  
Beetle Species ◽  
Ambrosia Beetles ◽  
Bark And Ambrosia Beetles ◽  
Phytosanitary Measures ◽  
Coniferous Wood

Many bark and ambrosia beetle species (Coleoptera: Scolytinae and Platypodinae) are known to have spread worldwide in relation to international trade. Concerns have been expressed within the European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization (EPPO) about recent introductions of non-indigenous species of these groups. Regulation of the non-coniferous wood trade into many EPPO member countries is currently not sufficient to cover such risks. In 2018–2019, an EPPO study on the risk of bark and ambrosia beetles associated with imported non-coniferous wood was carried out, and the key characteristics contributing to the pest risk from introduced species were determined using expert consensus. This paper summarizes the key findings of the study, which are available in full detail on the EPPO website. The study identified biological and other risk factors and illustrated them with examples from 26 beetle species or groups of species known to be invasive or posing a threat to plant health. These representative species were classified into three categories based on known damage and level of uncertainty. In the present article, factorial discriminant analyses were used to identify features of bark and ambrosia beetle biology associated with damage caused and invasiveness. Based on the information assembled and consideration of the risk factors, it was recommended that in order to prevent the introduction of new bark and ambrosia beetles via non-coniferous wood commodities, horizontal phytosanitary measures should be adopted, irrespective of the host plant species and the origin (i.e., for all genera of non-coniferous woody plants and from all origins). Phytosanitary measures are presented here for various wood commodities.

scholarly journals Ambrosia Beetle (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) Species Attacking Chestnut and Captured in Ethanol-Baited Traps in Middle Tennessee

2001 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 909-918 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason B. Oliver ◽  
Catharine M. Mannion
Keyword(s):  
Ambrosia Beetle ◽  
Baited Traps ◽  
Middle Tennessee

Collection of Fall Armyworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) Using Selected Pheromone Lures and Trap Designs

2001 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert L. Meagher ◽  
Everett R. Mitchell
Keyword(s):  
Spodoptera Frugiperda ◽  
Fall Armyworm ◽  
North Central ◽  
Central Florida ◽  
Behavioral Observations ◽  
Baited Traps ◽  
Chromatographic Detection ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae ◽  
Pheromone Blend

Two trap designs and three sources of commercially-produced pheromone lures were used to capture fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith), males in silage corn and peanuts in north-central Florida. Unitraps baited with Trécé and Scenturion lures captured more moths than Scentry-baited traps. Gas chromatographic detection of the pheromone blend suggested no differences in acetate component ratios among lures. Unitraps collected more moths than Heliothis cone traps. Behavioral observations at night showed that equal percentages of moths were initially collected in both traps but that moths were able to escape from cone traps.

Potential for semiochemical-based monitoring of the pea leaf weevil (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) on field pea (Fabaceae) in the Canadian Prairie Provinces

2016 ◽  
Vol 148 (5) ◽  
pp. 595-602 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.L. Evenden ◽  
C.M. Whitehouse ◽  
A. St. Onge ◽  
L. Vanderark ◽  
J.-P. Lafontaine ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aggregation Pheromone ◽  
Pitfall Traps ◽  
Canadian Prairie ◽  
Baited Traps ◽  
Field Peas ◽  
Important Pest ◽  
Faba Beans ◽  
Perennial Legumes ◽  
Pea Leaf Weevil ◽  
Prairie Provinces

AbstractThe pea leaf weevil, Sitona lineatus (Linnaeus) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), is an important pest of field peas, Pisum sativum Linnaeus (Fabaceae), and faba beans, Vicia faba Linnaeus (Fabaceae), that has recently become established in the Prairie Provinces of Canada. Male pea leaf weevils produce an aggregation pheromone, 4-methyl-3,5-heptanedione, in the spring when overwintered weevils migrate to fields to feed and mate. The current study tests the attractiveness of the aggregation pheromone with and without synthetic bean volatiles to pea leaf weevils in the spring and in the fall when weevils seek perennial legumes to feed and overwinter. Modified Leggett traps similar to those used in Europe did not retain weevils in this study. Aggregation pheromone-baited pitfall traps caught male and female weevils in the spring and fall. Weevils were not attracted to traps baited with three bean volatiles, (Z)-3-hexen-1-yl acetate, (Z)-3-hexen-1-ol, and linalool. Bean volatiles did enhance response to pheromone, but only in the fall. Weevils were captured in most semiochemical-baited traps in a 1:1 sex ratio, but female-biased catch in control traps might indicate greater activity of females in the trap vicinity. This study lays the groundwork for semiochemical-based monitoring to detect pea leaf weevil spread in the Prairie Provinces.

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