scholarly journals Differential impact of adiposity on risk of atrial fibrillation in men and women in UK Biobank

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
C.J.F Camm ◽  
B Lacey ◽  
B Casadei ◽  
J.C Hopewell
Keyword(s):  
Body Fat ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Lean Mass ◽  
Fat Distribution ◽  
Body Fat Mass ◽  
Central Adiposity ◽  
Uk Biobank ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Independent Effects ◽  
General Adiposity

Abstract Background Atrial fibrillation (AF) and obesity are common conditions with important health implications. Greater adiposity has been associated with higher risk of AF. However, body fat distribution differs between sexes, and the independent effects of different adiposity measures on AF risk remain unclear. Purpose To establish the independent effects of general and central adiposity on risk of incident AF in men and women. Methods UK Biobank is a prospective study involving 502,536 adults (aged 40–69). Participants underwent an extensive baseline interview and physical assessment (including bio-impedance measurements). Incident AF cases were identified by linkage to national hospital statistics and death registry data. Cox regression models adjusted for age, sex, ethnicity, deprivation, smoking and alcohol, were used to estimate effects of general adiposity (body mass index [BMI] and body fat mass), central adiposity (waist circumference [WC]), and lean mass, on risk of incident AF (per sex-specific standard deviation [SD]). Results Among 477,918 participants (mean age 56.4 years, SD 8.1; 45% men) with no history of AF, mean BMI was similar in women (27.0kg/m2, SD 5.0) and men (27.8kg/m2, SD 4.1). Conversely, mean WC was lower in women (84.5cm, SD 12.3) than men (96.8cm, SD 11.0), while mean body fat mass was higher in women (26.9kg, SD 9.8) than men (22.2kg, SD 8.0). A total of 14,362 incident AF events were identified (5,254 in women, 9,108 in men) over 8.1 years median follow-up. AF was positively associated with adiposity. A 1-SD higher BMI, equivalent to 4.6kg/m2, and a 1-SD higher WC, equivalent to 11.7cm, were each associated with >30% higher risks of AF (hazard ratio [HR] BMI 1.32 [95% CI 1.30–1.34]; WC 1.37 [1.35–1.39]), and showed no sex differences. Lean mass was also strongly associated with AF (1.41 [1.39–1.43]), and similar between sexes. In contrast, a 1-SD higher body fat mass, equivalent to 9.0kg, was associated with a 34% higher risk of AF overall (1.34 [1.32–1.36]), but had a stronger effect in women (1.41 [1.38–1.45]) than men (1.30 [1.28–1.33]), p-interaction 1x10–6; albeit effects were comparable per kg). After adjustment for body fat mass and lean mass, WC remained positively associated with AF overall (1.19 [1.15–1.23]) and in both sexes (1.14 [1.09–1.20] in women, 1.21 [1.17–1.26] in men). However, following adjustment for lean mass and WC, body fat mass remained positively associated with AF (1.09 [1.06–1.12]) overall, and in women (1.19 [1.14–1.26]) but was almost completely attenuated in men (1.04 [1.01–1.08]), p-interaction 0.004 (Figure). Associations were not materially changed by further adjustment for height, or by excluding those with prior vascular disease. Conclusions Central adiposity is strongly and independently associated with AF in both sexes. Conversely, general adiposity is independently associated with risk of AF in women but not men. Suggesting the impact fat distribution on AF risk differs by sex. Fat mass, waist circumference & AF risk Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: Foundation. Main funding source(s): British Heart Foundation

scholarly journals Alanine Aminotransferase and Body Composition in Obese Men and Women

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Svein Ivar Bekkelund ◽  
Rolf Jorde
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Lean Mass ◽  
Alanine Aminotransferase ◽  
Body Height ◽  
Body Fat Mass ◽  
Fat Mass Index ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Obese Population

There is a known relationship between serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and obesity in humans, but the mechanism(s) are not clarified. This study investigated the associations between serum ALT and body composition in an overweight and obese population. The results are based on data from a previous randomized controlled trial treating obesity with vitamin D3. A sample of 448 overweight and obese individuals underwent dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) and measured serum ALT along with supplementary blood samples at study baseline. Body fat mass and lean mass indexes were calculated by dividing total body fat/lean weight (kg) by body height squared (kg/m2). ALT correlated with body mass index (BMI) in men but not women (r=0.33, P<0.0001 vs. r=0.06, P=0.29). In men, serum ALT correlated positively with fat mass index (r=0.23, P=0.004) and lean mass index (r=0.32, P<0.0001). In women, ALT correlated with lean mass index (r=0.13, P=0.031) but not fat mass index (r=0.003, P=0.96). In a multivariate model adjusted for age and fat mass index, a 1-unit increase in lean mass index associated with a 0.37 U/L higher ALT in the male subgroup (95% CI 0.024 to 0.040, P<0.0001). In conclusion, serum ALT was associated with body fat mass index in men and with lean mass index in men and women in an overweight and obese population. The findings also demonstrate a gender difference in the role of fat.

Body Fat Mass, Body Fat Distribution, and Plasma Hormones in Early Puberty in Females

1990 ◽  
Vol 70 (4) ◽  
pp. 888-893 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. M. DE RIDDER ◽  
P. F. BRUNING ◽  
M. L. ZONDERLAND ◽  
J. H. H. THIJSSEN ◽  
J. M. G. BONFRER ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Fat ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Fat Distribution ◽  
Body Fat Distribution ◽  
Body Fat Mass ◽  
Early Puberty ◽  
Plasma Hormones

scholarly journals Body fat mass and lean mass as predictors of survival in hemodialysis patients

2006 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
pp. 549-556 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Kakiya ◽  
T. Shoji ◽  
Y. Tsujimoto ◽  
N. Tatsumi ◽  
S. Hatsuda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Fat ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Lean Mass ◽  
Hemodialysis Patients ◽  
Body Fat Mass

Associations of Platelet Indices with Body Fat Mass and Fat Distribution

Obesity ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (10) ◽  
pp. 1637-1643 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuang Han ◽  
Da Gan ◽  
Guowei Wang ◽  
Yuan Ru ◽  
Chao Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Fat ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Fat Distribution ◽  
Body Fat Mass ◽  
Platelet Indices

scholarly journals Bivariate genome linkage analysis suggests pleiotropic effects on chromosomes 20p and 3p for body fat mass and lean mass

2008 ◽  
Vol 90 (3) ◽  
pp. 259-268 ◽  
Author(s):  
JIAN ZHAO ◽  
PENG XIAO ◽  
YAN GUO ◽  
YONG-JUN LIU ◽  
YU-FANG PEI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Linkage Analysis ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Lean Mass ◽  
Pleiotropic Effects ◽  
Phenotypic Traits ◽  
Body Fat Mass ◽  
Entire Sample ◽  
Total Body ◽  
Genomic Regions

SummaryTotal body fat mass (TBFM) and total body lean mass (TBLM) are the major components of the human body. Although these highly correlated phenotypic traits are frequently used to characterize obesity, the specific shared genetic factors that influence both traits remain largely unknown. Our study was aimed at identifying common quantitative trait loci (QTLs) contributing to both TBFM and TBLM. We performed a whole genome-linkage scan study in a large sample of 3255 subjects from 420 Caucasian pedigrees. Bivariate linkage analysis was carried out in both the entire sample and gender-specific subsamples. Several potentially important genomic regions that may harbour QTLs important for TBFM and TBLM were identified. For example, 20p12-11 achieved a LOD score of 2·04 in the entire sample and, in the male subsample, two genomic regions, 20p12 (LOD=2·08) and 3p26-25 (LOD=1·92), showed suggestive linkage. In addition, two-point linkage analyses for chromosome X showed suggestive linkages on Xp22 in the entire sample (LOD=2·14) and significant linkage on Xp22 in the female subsample (LOD=3·05). Complete pleiotropy was suggested for 20p12 and 3p26-25 in males. Our results suggest that QTLs on chromosomes 20p12, 3p26-25 and Xp22 may jointly influence TBFM and TBLM. Further fine mapping and gene identification studies for these pleiotropic effects are needed.

Genetic, sex, and diet effects on body weight and obesity in the Berlin Fat Mouse Inbred lines

2006 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 264-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asja Wagener ◽  
Armin O. Schmitt ◽  
Soner Aksu ◽  
Werner Schlote ◽  
Christina Neuschl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Lean Mass ◽  
The Body ◽  
Selection Line ◽  
Control Line ◽  
Body Fat Mass ◽  
Mouse Lines ◽  
Body Lean Mass

Mouse lines long-term selected for high fatness offer the possibility to identify individual genes involved in the development of obesity. The Berlin Fat Mouse (BFM) line has been selected for low protein content and afterward for high fatness. Three Berlin Fat Mouse Inbred (BFMI) lines, which are derivates of the selection line BFM and an unselected control line (C57BL/6; B6) were systematically phenotyped between 3 and 20 wk. The body weights and body compositions were measured on a weekly basis. We demonstrated that the BFMI lines dispose of more body weight, body fat mass, and body lean mass than the control line B6 because of a better feed efficiency in these lines. In contrast to other growth-selected mouse lines, the BFMI lines exhibited a general increase in body fat mass but only a marginal increase in body lean mass. The three BFMI lines also showed line- and sex-specific patterns and varied in their response to high-fat diet. The phenotypic differences between the BFMI lines can be traced back to different sets of fixed alleles contributing to fat accumulation and diet-induced obesity. Our results demonstrate that the genetically related BFMI lines are novel models to study the genetic as well as the nutritional aspects of obesity.

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