The most common reason for sudden cardiac death is ischaemic heart disease. Patients who survive cardiac arrest are at particularly high risk of recurrent ventricular arrhythmia and sudden cardiac death, and are candidates for secondary prevention defined as ‘therapies to reduce the risk of sudden cardiac death in patients who have already experienced an aborted cardiac arrest or life-threatening arrhythmias’. The mainstay therapy for secondary prevention of sudden cardiac death is implantation of an implantable cardioverter defibrillator. Furthermore, revascularization and optimal medical therapy for heart failure and concurrent cardiovascular diseases should be ensured.