scholarly journals Condom negotiation self-efficacy and preparatory behaviors among Mozambican women at sexual risk

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
A L Patrão ◽  
T McIntyre
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Sexual Risk ◽  
Behavioral Change ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Public Hospital ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
African Women ◽  
Final Model ◽  
Condom Negotiation ◽  
Additional Variance

Abstract Background Preparatory behaviors (intention to use and buy/get condoms) are extremely important for sexual protection among African women, because the intentions to use and get condoms are the best predictors of effective condom use in some African contexts. However, these preventive behaviors are not as successful as desired, because they are often associated with negative meanings in the context of the sexual relationship. This study aims to identify whether condom negotiation self-efficacy is associated with sexual preparatory behaviors among Mozambican women at risk for HIV/AIDS infection. Methods Women (173), patients at a public Hospital and at risk for HIV infection, completed measures of sociodemographic and marital characteristics, condom negotiation self-efficacy, and sexual preparatory behaviors. Results Socio-demographic variables (age and education) explained 16.1% of variance (ΔF(2, 170)=16.30, p <.001), and marital variables, “marital status” and “talking about AIDS with partner” explained 22.3% of additional variance (ΔF(2, 168)=30.36, p <.001) in preparatory behaviors. The final model with condom negotiation self-efficacy explained 11.7% of additional variance (ΔF(1, 167)= 39.14, p <.001), this being the most important correlate in the model (β = .48). We observed that higher condom negotiation self-efficacy is associated with higher levels of preparatory behaviors. The overall model explained 48.6% of variance in sexual preparatory behaviors. Conclusions These results seem to support an exploratory predictive model of sexual preparatory behaviors that can inform interventions directed at behavioral change among Mozambican women at sexual risk. Key messages Women who were younger, had a higher level of education, were single, and talked about AIDS, had higher levels of preparatory behaviors. Women who had a higher level of condom negotiation self-efficacy, had higher levels of preparatory behaviors.

scholarly journals Barriers against safer sex as predictors of condom negotiation self-efficacy among Mozambican Women

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
A L Patrão ◽  
T McIntyre
Keyword(s):  
Condom Use ◽  
Sexual Risk ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Safer Sex ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Perceived Barriers ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Women Patients ◽  
Condom Negotiation ◽  
Efficacy Measures

Abstract Background Negotiation self-efficacy is one of the main predictors of effective condom use. Therefore, it is essential to identify the factors that influence condom use negotiation self-efficacy in vulnerable women. The aim of this paper is to examine whether socio-demographic and marital factors, and perceived barriers against safer sex are associated with condom use negotiation self-efficacy among Mozambican women at sexual risk. Methods 173 women, patients at a Mozambican public Hospital and at risk for HIV infection, completed measures of sociodemographic and marital characteristics, perceived barriers against safer sex, and condom use negotiation self-efficacy. Measures included the Mozambican version of the “Women's Health Study Questionnaire”, which presented good psychometric properties in this sample. Results Demographic variables (age and education) explained 20% of the variance (ΔF(2, 170)=20.92, p<.001) in condom use negotiation self-efficacy, and the marital variables, “marital status” and “talking about AIDS with partner”, explained 30% of the variance in the outcome (ΔF(2, 168)=50.06, p<.001). Barriers against safer sex explained 6.5% of unique variance in condom use negotiation self-efficacy (ΔF(1, 167)= 24.68, p<.001). The overall model explained 55% of the variance in condom use negotiation self-efficacy. Conclusions These results support an exploratory predictive model of condom use negotiation self-efficacy that can inform interventions directed at behavioral change among Mozambican women at sexual risk. Key messages Women who were younger, had a higher level of education, were single, and talked about AIDS, had higher levels of condom use negotiation self-efficacy. Women who had lower levels of perceived barriers, had higher levels of condom use negotiation self-efficacy.

scholarly journals Application of Hellison's Teaching Personal and Social Responsibility Model in Physical Education to Improve Self-Efficacy for Adolescents at Risk of Dropping-out of School

2010 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 667-676 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amparo Escartí ◽  
Melchor Gutiérrez ◽  
Carmina Pascual ◽  
Diana Marín
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Physical Education ◽  
Social Responsibility ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Dropping Out ◽  
Personal And Social Responsibility ◽  
Responsibility Model ◽  
At Risk Adolescents ◽  
Out Of School

This study evaluated improvement in self-efficacy and personal and social responsibility among at-risk of dropping-out of school adolescents participating in a program in which Hellison's Teaching Personal and Social Responsibility Model was applied in physical education classes during the course of an academic year. Thirty at-risk adolescents aged 13-14 years old (23 boys, 7 girls) were assigned to an intervention group (12 boys and 3 girls) or a comparison group (11 boys, 4 girls), the latter of which did not participate in the program. Quantitative results showed a significant improvement in the students' self-efficacy for enlisting social resources and in self-efficacy for self-regulated learning. Qualitative results showed an improvement in responsibility behaviors of participants in the intervention group. This suggests that the model could be effective for improving psychological and social development in at-risk adolescents, and that physical education classes may be an appropriate arena for working with these young people.

scholarly journals Association between readiness for behavior change and complaints of vocal problems in teachers

CoDAS ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 170-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luiza Augusta Rossi-Barbosa ◽  
Ana Cristina Côrtes Gama ◽  
Antônio Prates Caldeira
Keyword(s):  
Behavioral Change ◽  
General Health ◽  
Readiness To Change ◽  
Public Health Intervention ◽  
Language Therapy ◽  
Final Model ◽  
Risks And Benefits ◽  
Contemplation Stage ◽  
Education Network ◽  
The Voice

Purpose: To verify the association between readiness to behavioral change and self-reported vocal problems of teachers in schools from the municipal education network of Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Methods: The URICA-VOICE scale was used to measure the motivational stages of 138 teachers. Readiness to change was the variable outcome, whereas the independent variables referred to sociodemographic, economic, occupational, lifestyle, general health, and teacher's own voice factors. Results: The majority (59.4%) of teachers were in the pre-contemplation stage of the URICA-VOICE scale. The variables use of medication, perception of voice failure, and demand for speech and language therapy were retained for the final model. Conclusion : The low readiness to change showed the need for increased awareness of the risks and benefits related to the voice and general health. The results can provide public health intervention strategies that deal with individuals at various stages in the decision-making process.

scholarly journals Academic performance of secondary education students in socio-familial risk contexts

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Rodríguez-Rodríguez ◽  
◽  
Remedios Guzmán ◽  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Academic Performance ◽  
Secondary Education ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
At Risk Students ◽  
Familial Risk ◽  
Course Evaluation ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
Cognitive Variables ◽  
Not At Risk

Introduction: The relationship that socio-familial and non-cognitive variables have on students in regards to their academic performance is a very important element for success in Secondary Education. In this study the influence of non-cognitive variables (academic self-concept, self-efficacy and perceived family affective support) and socio-familial variables (educational level and expectations of each parent) on the academic performance of secondary school students were analysed. Method: Students were grouped according to their accumulated socio-familial risk index (at-risk students, n = 305; not-at-risk students, n = 991). To measure the variables, the scales What do you think of yourself, General Self-Efficacy and Perceived Family Support were used. Socio-family variables were measured with an ad hoc questionnaire, and academic performance with the end-of-course evaluation scores. Results: The receiver operating characteristic curve showed a decrease in students’ academic performance from three or more accumulated risks. Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) was performed for each group. The results showed that for at-risk students, academic performance was mainly determined by two variables: academic self-concept and self-concept; in contrast to the not-at-risk students in which self-efficacy was the one that had the greatest effect on performance. In both groups, the parents’ expectations were the family variable with the highest incidence being performance, although, for the at-risk group, the effect was greater. Conclusions: The relevance of the identification of non-cognitive and socio-familial variables on the academic performance of at-risk students in regards to secondary education due to socio-familial factors is discussed.

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