scholarly journals Distribution of the Sex combs reduced Gene Products in Drosophila melanogaster

Genetics ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 117 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-60
Author(s):  
James W Mahaffey ◽  
Thomas C Kaufman
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Temporal Distribution ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Distribution ◽  
Gene Products ◽  
Genetic Studies ◽  
Sex Combs Reduced ◽  
Sex Combs ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Differential Timing

ABSTRACT The spatial and temporal distribution of RNA and protein encoded by the homeotic Sex combs reduced (Scr) gene were examined during Drosophila development. The gene products are present in the epidermis of both the labial and first thoracic segments as would be predicted from prior genetic studies. However, the pattern in the central nervous system (CNS) and mesoderm is further restricted; the major expression located in the labial neuromere of the CNS and the mesoderm of the first thoracic segment. The spatial restriction within the CNS is correlated with and may be due to a differential timing of expression in the labial and first thoracic ectoderm. The labial ectoderm accumulates the Scr RNA prior to segregation of the neuroblasts while expression in the first thoracic ectoderm occurs after neuroblast segregation. The protein is also observed in the subesophageal ganglia of both larvae and adults, as well as in the labial and first thoracic imaginal discs. Surprisingly, the protein is also present to a lesser extent in second and third thoracic leg discs.

scholarly journals CONTROL OF MALE REPRODUCTIVE BEHAVIOR BY THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM OF DROSOPHILA: DISSECTION OF A COURTSHIP PATHWAY BY GENETIC MOSAICS

Genetics ◽  
1979 ◽  
Vol 92 (2) ◽  
pp. 437-457 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey C Hall
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Courtship Behavior ◽  
Detailed Examination ◽  
Sex Combs ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Male Reproductive Behavior ◽  
Proboscis Extension ◽  
Normal Males

ABSTRACT In gynandromorphs of Drosophila, a detailed examination was made of the association between male courtship behavior and the chromosomal genotype of various parts of the central nervous system. Mosaic flies that behave as males repeatedly show a shorter murtship than normal males. If there is to be male behavior, the posterior dorsal brain must be haplo-X on at least one side for occurrence of the early courtship events. tapping, following of females and wing extension. Licking (proboscis extension) has nearly the same focus but is submissive; that is, male tissue must be present in both left and right dorsal brain. The next courtship step, attempted copulation, has a focus (especially for actual genital contact) located in the thoracic ganglia, though apparently not in a discrete region. Attempted copulation, which can occur even in mosaics with a gravid abdomen, may be correlated with the presence of sex combs. The role of courtship foci are interpreted in terms of known sensory inputs to and functions of the major insect ganglia.

Analysis of the gooseberry locus in Drosophila embryos: gooseberry determines the cuticular pattern and activates gooseberry neuro

Development ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 118 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Gutjahr ◽  
N.H. Patel ◽  
X. Li ◽  
C.S. Goodman ◽  
M. Noll
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
P Element ◽  
Gene Products ◽  
Cell Fates ◽  
Segment Polarity ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Characteristic Segment ◽  
Drosophila Embryos

The segment-polarity class of segmentation genes in Drosophila are primarily involved in the specification of sub-segmental units. In addition, some of the segment-polarity genes have been shown to specify cell fates within the central nervous system. One of these loci, gooseberry, consists of two divergently transcribed genes, gooseberry and gooseberry neuro, which share a paired box as well as a paired-type homebox. Here, the expression patterns of the two gooseberry gene products are described in detail. The gooseberry protein appears in a characteristic segment-polarity pattern of stripes at gastrulation and persists until head involution. It is initially restricted to the ectodermal and neuroectodermal germ layer, but is later detected in mesodermal and neuronal cells as well. The gooseberry neuro protein first appears during germ band extension in cells of the central nervous system and also, much later, in epidermal stripes and in a small number of muscle cells. P-element-mediated transformation with the gooseberry gene has been used to demonstrate that gooseberry transactivates gooseberry neuro and is sufficient to rescue the gooseberry cuticular phenotype in the absence of gooseberry neuro.

Effects of Hyperoxia on Lung Utrastructure

1970 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 26-27
Author(s):  
Gladys Harrison
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Light Microscopy ◽  
Oxygen Effects ◽  
Age Dependent ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Space Age ◽  
Alveolar Septa ◽  
Extensive Damage

With the advent of the space age and the need to determine the requirements for a space cabin atmosphere, oxygen effects came into increased importance, even though these effects have been the subject of continuous research for many years. In fact, Priestly initiated oxygen research when in 1775 he published his results of isolating oxygen and described the effects of breathing it on himself and two mice, the only creatures to have had the “privilege” of breathing this “pure air”.Early studies had demonstrated the central nervous system effects at pressures above one atmosphere. Light microscopy revealed extensive damage to the lungs at one atmosphere. These changes which included perivascular and peribronchial edema, focal hemorrhage, rupture of the alveolar septa, and widespread edema, resulted in death of the animal in less than one week. The severity of the symptoms differed between species and was age dependent, with young animals being more resistant.

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