scholarly journals Host movement and the genetic structure of populations of parasitic nematodes.

Genetics ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 141 (3) ◽  
pp. 1007-1014 ◽  
Author(s):  
M S Blouin ◽  
C A Yowell ◽  
C H Courtney ◽  
J B Dame
Keyword(s):  
Gene Flow ◽  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Population Genetic ◽  
Isolation By Distance ◽  
Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Great Opportunity ◽  
High Gene Flow ◽  
Mtdna Sequence ◽  
High Gene ◽  
Host Movement

Abstract Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) sequence data were used to compare the population genetic structures of five species of parasitic nematodes from three different hosts: Ostertagia ostertagi and Haemonchus placei from cattle, H. contortus and Teladorsagia circumcincta from sheep, and Mazamastrongylus odocoilei from white-tailed deer. The parasites of sheep and cattle showed a pattern consistent with high gene flow among populations. The parasite of deer showed a pattern of substantial population subdivision and isolation by distance. It appears that host movement is an important determinant of population genetic structure in these nematodes. High gene flow in the parasites of livestock also indicates great opportunity for the spread of rare alleles that confer resistance to anthelmintic drugs. All species, including the parasite of deer, had unusually high within-population diversities (averages of 0.019-0.027 substitutions per site between pairs of individuals from the same population). Large effective population sizes (Ne), perhaps in combination with rapid mtDNA evolution, appear to be the most likely explanation for these high within-population diversities.

Population Genetic of Anopheles Arabiensis Patton(Diptera: Culicidae) the Malaria Vector in the Republic of Sudan.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mashair Mustafa ◽  
Zairi Jaal ◽  
Sumia Abu Kashawa ◽  
Siti Azizah Mohd Nor
Keyword(s):  
Population Structure ◽  
Gene Flow ◽  
Malaria Vector ◽  
Microsatellite Loci ◽  
Population Genetic ◽  
Anopheles Arabiensis ◽  
Isolation By Distance ◽  
Gene Pools ◽  
High Gene Flow ◽  
High Gene

Abstract Background Anopheles arabiensis is a member of An. gambiae complex and a main malaria vector in Sudan. There is no sufficient An. arabiensis population genetic data available an understanding of vector population structure and genetics are important to the malaria vector control programs. The objective of this investigation is to study the population structure, gene flow and isolation by distance among An. arabiensis for developing control strategies Methods Mosquitoes were collected from six sites in Sudan using pyrethrum spray catch of indoor resting mosquitoes. Anopheline mosquitos were identified morphologically and based on species specific nucleotide sequences in the ribosomal DNA intergenic spacers (IGS). Seven microsatellite loci published An. gambiae primers were used to amplify the DNA of An. arabiensis samples. Results PCR confirmed that An. arabiensis was the main malaria vector found in the six localities. Of the seven microsatellite loci utilized, six were found to be highly polymorphic across populations, with high allelic richness and heterozygosity with the remaining one being monomorphic. Deviation from Hardy-Weinberg expectations were found in 21 out of 42 tests in the six populations due to heterozygotes deficiency. Bayesian clustering analysis revealed two gene pools, grouping samples into two population clusters; one includes four and the other includes two populations. The genetic distances between pairs of populations ranged from 0.06 to 0.24. Significant F ST was observed between all An. arabiensis populations . Kr population indicated high genetic differentiation (F ST ranged from 0.17 to 0.24). High gene flow (Nm= 1.6–8.2) was detected between clusters. There was evidence of a bottleneck event in the Hj population. No isolation by distance pattern was detected among populations. Conclusions This study revealed low levels of population differentiation with high gene flow among six An. arabiensis populations in Sudan.

scholarly journals A Method for Detecting Population Genetic Structure in Diverse, High Gene-Flow Species

2010 ◽  
Vol 101 (4) ◽  
pp. 423-436 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. P. Kelly ◽  
T. A. Oliver ◽  
A. Sivasundar ◽  
S. R. Palumbi
Keyword(s):  
Gene Flow ◽  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Population Genetic Structure ◽  
Population Genetic ◽  
High Gene Flow ◽  
High Gene

Remnant populations of the regal fritillary (Speyeria idalia) in Pennsylvania: Local genetic structure in a high gene flow species

2006 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 309-313 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nusha Keyghobadi ◽  
Katherine P. Unger ◽  
Jason D. Weintraub ◽  
Dina M. Fonseca
Keyword(s):  
Gene Flow ◽  
Genetic Structure ◽  
High Gene Flow ◽  
High Gene ◽  
Speyeria Idalia

scholarly journals Population Genetic Structure of the German Cockroach (Blattodea: Blattellidae) in Apartment Buildings

2010 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 553-564 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan R. Crissman ◽  
Warren Booth ◽  
Richard G. Santangelo ◽  
Dmitry V. Mukha ◽  
Edward L. Vargo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Flow ◽  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Population Genetic Structure ◽  
Population Genetic ◽  
Population Control ◽  
Isolation By Distance ◽  
German Cockroach ◽  
Common Source ◽  
Apartment Complex ◽  
Apartment Complexes

Abstract The German cockroach, Blattella germanica (L.) (Blattodea: Blattellidae), is a major residential pest with the potential to vector various pathogens and produce and disseminate household allergens. Understanding population genetic structure and differentiation of this important pest is critical to efforts to eradicate infestations, yet little is known in this regard. Using highly polymorphic microsatellite markers, we investigated patterns of genetic diversity and differentiation within and among 18 apartments from six apartment complexes located in Raleigh, NC. No departure from panmixia was found between rooms within apartments, indicating that active dispersal resulting in gene flow may occur among rooms within apartment units. Alternatively, aggregations within apartments may exist in relative isolation under a metapopulation framework, derived from a recent, common source. Thus, in the event of population control practices leading to incomplete cockroach eradication within an apartment, recolonization of shelters and rooms is likely to occur from a genetically similar aggregation. A pattern of isolation-by-distance across the six apartment complexes indicated that dispersal was more common within complexes than among them, and F statistics suggested greater genetic similarity between apartments in a single building than between separate buildings of an apartment complex. Similarly, neighbor-joining tree and Bayesian clustering analyses were able to cluster only those apartments that were within a single building, indicating higher dispersal with associated gene flow within buildings than between them. The lack of any broader connectivity, as indicated by significant FST and G-tests suggests that human-mediated dispersal of B. germanica between buildings of an apartment complex or between complexes occurs infrequently enough to have negligible effects on gene flow.

scholarly journals Using population genetic tools to develop a control strategy for feral cats (Felis catus) in Hawai'i

2007 ◽  
Vol 34 (8) ◽  
pp. 587 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heidi Hansen ◽  
Steven C. Hess ◽  
David Cole ◽  
Paul C. Banko
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Invasive Species ◽  
Population Genetics ◽  
Gene Flow ◽  
Population Genetic ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Feral Cats ◽  
Genetic Tools ◽  
High Gene Flow ◽  
High Gene

Population genetics can provide information about the demographics and dynamics of invasive species that is beneficial for developing effective control strategies. We studied the population genetics of feral cats on Hawai‘i Island by microsatellite analysis to evaluate genetic diversity and population structure, assess gene flow and connectivity among three populations, identify potential source populations, characterise population dynamics, and evaluate sex-biased dispersal. High genetic diversity, low structure, and high number of migrants per generation supported high gene flow that was not limited spatially. Migration rates revealed that most migration occurred out of West Mauna Kea. Effective population size estimates indicated increasing cat populations despite control efforts. Despite high gene flow, relatedness estimates declined significantly with increased geographic distance and Bayesian assignment tests revealed the presence of three population clusters. Genetic structure and relatedness estimates indicated male-biased dispersal, primarily from Mauna Kea, suggesting that this population should be targeted for control. However, recolonisation seems likely, given the great dispersal ability that may not be inhibited by barriers such as lava flows. Genetic monitoring will be necessary to assess the effectiveness of future control efforts. Management of other invasive species may benefit by employing these population genetic tools.

scholarly journals Evidence for fine-scale genetic structure and estuarine colonisation in a potential high gene flow marine goby (Pomatoschistus minutus)

Heredity ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 92 (5) ◽  
pp. 434-445 ◽  
Author(s):  
C Pampoulie ◽  
E S Gysels ◽  
G E Maes ◽  
B Hellemans ◽  
V Leentjes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Flow ◽  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Fine Scale ◽  
Pomatoschistus Minutus ◽  
High Gene Flow ◽  
High Gene
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