scholarly journals The Effect of Home- and Community-Based Services on Activity Engagement

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 840-840
Author(s):  
Peter Sun
Keyword(s):  
Social Engagement ◽  
Social Cognitive ◽  
Average Treatment Effect ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Sensitivity Analyses ◽  
Estimation Model ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Activity Engagement ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Community Based Services

Abstract This study examined the association between home- and community-based services (HCBS) and social, cognitive, and physical engagement among community-dwelling older adults in the U.S. Data were drawn from the 2012 Health and Retirement Study (HRS). The sample consisted of respondents ages 50 and over who answered questions on HCBS utilization and activity engagement (n = 567). Genetic matching and propensity score weighting were used to mimic randomized control and treatment groups, in order to estimate the population average treatment effect on the treated (PATT). HCBS utilization was found to be significantly associated with social engagement (PATT = 0.17, SE = 0.05, p < 0.05) and physical (PATT = -0.20, SE = 0.07, p < 0.05) engagement but not significantly associated with cognitive engagement (PATT = -0.04, SE = 0.12, p > 0.05). Sensitivity analyses found that the results were robust to the estimation model. These findings suggest that HCBS utilization is a promising model for increased activity engagement, and future policies aimed at targeting these outcomes are warranted.

Models of home care services for persons with dementia: a narrative review

2015 ◽  
Vol 27 (10) ◽  
pp. 1593-1600 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lee-Fay Low ◽  
Jennifer Fletcher
Keyword(s):  
Case Management ◽  
Home Care ◽  
Integrated Care ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Narrative Review ◽  
Nursing Home Admission ◽  
Community Based ◽  
People With Dementia ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Community Based Services

ABSTRACTBackground:Worldwide trends of increasing dementia prevalence, have put economic and workforce pressures to shifting care for persons with dementia from residential care to home care.Methods:We reviewed the effects of the four dominant models of home care delivery on outcomes for community-dwelling persons with dementia. These models are: case management, integrated care, consumer directed care, and restorative care. This narrative review describes benefits and possible drawbacks for persons with dementia outcomes and elements that comprise successful programs.Results:Case management for persons with dementia may increase use of community-based services and delay nursing home admission. Integrated care is associated with greater client satisfaction, increased use of community based services, and reduced hospital days however the clinical impacts on persons with dementia and their carers are not known. Consumer directed care increases satisfaction with care and service usage, but had little effect on clinical outcomes. Restorative models of home care have been shown to improve function and quality of life however these trials have excluded persons with dementia, with the exception of a pilot study.Conclusions:There has been a little research into models of home care for people with dementia, and no head-to-head comparison of the different models. Research to inform evidence-based policy and service delivery for people with dementia needs to evaluate both the impact of different models on outcomes, and investigate how to best deliver these models to maximize outcomes.

scholarly journals Behavioral Health, Social Engagement, and Long-Term Care Services Use Among Community Older Adults: USA vs. Taiwan

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 348-349
Author(s):  
Su-I Hou ◽  
Chien-Ching Li ◽  
Darren Liu
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Behavioral Health ◽  
Social Engagement ◽  
Long Term Care ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Aging In Community ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

Abstract As healthcare advances, older adults are living longer. While 90% of older adults prefer aging in their own homes and communities, it is important to examine key factors influencing healthy aging-in-community and community-based long-term care (LTC) services available in different countries. This symposium examines behavioral health, social engagement, and LTC services utilization among community-dwelling older adults in the USA and Taiwan. Lessons learned from older adults across countries will provide insights for tailored community-based LTC services and program development. Dr. Hou from The University of Central Florida (UCF) will highlight similarities and differences in behavioral health profiles and the topics that most interest community-dwelling older Americans participating in three aging-in-community programs in Central Florida. Dr. Wang from Case Western Reserve University will examine the impact of neighborhood social cohesion on mobility among community-dwelling older Americans aged 65 and older from the national Health and Retirement Study. Dr. Liu from National Cheng-Kung University in Taiwan will share results of healthy lifestyle on quality of life among community-dwelling older adults in southern Taiwan. Dr. Young from State University of New York at Albany will compare long-term care use among community-dwelling older adults with and without dementia in Central Taiwan. Finally, Drs. Cao and Hou from UCF will analyze home and community-based services in the USA versus Taiwan. This symposium will further discuss similarities and differences of key factors related to healthy aging-in-community, along with practical recommendations and lessons learned across countries and cultural environments to improve community-based long-term care services and programs.

Impact of informal care levels on discontinuation of living at home in community-dwelling dependent elderly using various community-based services

2011 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masafumi Kuzuya ◽  
Jun Hasegawa ◽  
Yoshihisa Hirakawa ◽  
Hiromi Enoki ◽  
Sachiko Izawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Informal Care ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Dependent Elderly ◽  
Community Based Services ◽  
At Home

Gender and Transportation Access among Community-Dwelling Seniors

2007 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josette Dupuis ◽  
Deborah R. Weiss ◽  
Christina Wolfson
Keyword(s):  
Unmet Needs ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Social Effects ◽  
Urban Setting ◽  
Lower Income ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Multivariable Analyses ◽  
Design And Methods ◽  
Community Based Services ◽  
Income Satisfaction

ABSTRACTPurpose: This study estimates the prevalence of problems with transportation in a sample of community-dwelling seniors residing in an urban setting and investigates the role that gender plays in the ability of seniors to remain mobile in their communities.Design and Methods: Data collected as part of a study assessing the prevalence and consequences of unmet needs for community-based services in a random sample of 839 elderly aged 75 years and older were employed in bivariate and multivariable analyses.Results: The prevalence of problems with transportation was 23 per cent, with 33 per cent of females and 10 per cent of males categorized as having problems with transportation. Of those subjects categorized as having problems with transportation, 88 per cent were women. In addition to being predominantly women, those who reported problems with transportation were older, in poorer health, and had lower income and income satisfaction.Implications: Problems with transportation are an important issue facing seniors; women, in particular. These results highlight the differences in aging as experienced by women and men with respect to social effects, needs, and the significance attached to the experience.

scholarly journals Risk of Hospitalization Associated With Different Constellations of Home & Community Based Services

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ray Van Cleve ◽  
Evan Cole ◽  
Howard Degenholtz
Keyword(s):  
Initial Level ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Adult Day Care ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Inpatient Hospitalization ◽  
Medicaid Population ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Community Based Services

Abstract Background:Identify the association between specific combinations of home and community-based services (HCBS) and risk of acute hospitalization. Methods:Data for this study came from Pennsylvania Medicaid claims, enrollment files, enrollee evaluations, and Medicare and Medicaid hospitalization records. This analysis compared risk of inpatient hospitalization across an entire state Medicaid population of community dwelling elderly individuals receiving HCBS. Twelve constellations of HCBS were identified, each composed of different services. Using logistic regression, we derived predicted probabilities of experiencing hospitalization for people in each constellation. This was secondary data analysis conducted outside of a hospital. This study used observational data. There was no randomization.Results:The highest risk of hospitalization, 15.1%, was associated with use of home delivered meals and low levels of PAS. The lowest risk of hospitalization, 7.5% was associated with use of adult day care and low levels of PAS. An 11.6% risk of hospitalization was associated with people who had applied to receive HCBS but were deemed ineligible. This risk was higher than all other constellations of HCBS except for the risk associated with using only low levels of PAS (13.9%) and using low levels of PAS and home delivered meals (15.1%). Conclusions: Using medium and high levels of PAS was associated with lower hospitalization risk compared to only low levels of PAS. Offering a higher initial level of PAS upon enrollment in Medicaid could potentially reduce hospitalization risk. People receiving home delivered meals had an elevated hospitalization risk.

Perceived Voice Disorders in Older Adults and Impact on Social Interactions

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Connie K. Porcaro ◽  
Clare Singer ◽  
Boris Djokic ◽  
Ali A. Danesh ◽  
Ruth Tappen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Social Interactions ◽  
Social Engagement ◽  
Leisure Activities ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Voice Disorders ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Vocal Performance ◽  
Older Individuals ◽  
Cross Sectional

Purpose Many aging individuals, even those who are healthy, report voice changes that can impact their ability to communicate as they once did. While this is commonly reported, most do not seek evaluation or management for this issue. The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence and differences in voice disorders in older adults, along with the effect of fatigue on their social interactions. Method This is a cross-sectional investigation of a community-dwelling sample of individuals aged 60 years or older. Participants completed the Questionnaire on Vocal Performance, the Social Engagement Index subset “Engagement in Social or Leisure Activities,” and the Fatigue Severity Scale. Results Results indicated 32.5% of the 332 participants reported symptoms of voice problems with no difference found between male and female respondents. A slight increase in report of voice problems was noted with each year of age. Participants who self-reported voice problems indicated less interaction in social activities involving communication than those who did not. Finally, as severity of self-reported voice problems increased, an increase was reported by the same individuals for signs of fatigue. Conclusions Voice problems and resulting decreased social interaction are commonly experienced by older individuals. Voice symptoms in older adults have been found to benefit from evidence-based treatment strategies. It is critical to provide education to encourage older individuals to seek appropriate evaluation and management for voice issues through a speech-language pathologist or medical professional.

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