Triggering the Circle of Societal Death

This chapter highlights four possible triggers that could start the Twelve-Step Circle of Societal Death. The first trigger is the declines in the Mensch cycle. Regular downturns in the life cycles of products produce lasting recessions and depressions that are difficult to overcome. The second trigger is landlessness, which leads to political instability and war. Indeed, the shifting of rural populations from having land to not having land is one of the most potentially destabilizing social changes imaginable. The third is trigger ecological collapse. The warfare, ethnic hostility, and terrorism we see in Yemen, Afghanistan, Southern Sudan, and Northern Nigeria all have their origins in the desert expanding, destroying the semiarid. Finally, the fourth trigger is increased low female status. Some people may be skeptical of the role of low female status. However, high female status is associated with greater female education, greater economic growth from female entrepreneurship, greater women's participation in the economy, and lower fertility creating lower population growth and greater ecological sustainability.

A rare case of intestinal obstruction caused by internal hernia through post hysterectomy peritoneal defect

Internal hernia is a rare cause of intestinal obstruction. Nowadays acquired internal hernias are in increasing trends due to increased surgical procedures thus iatrogenic causes surpassing congenital internal hernias. Internal hernias after hysterectomy due to peritoneal defect is extremely rare. Here we present a case of 67 years old female status post hysterectomy ten years back, also a known type 2 diabetic presented to the emergency department with features suggestive of intestinal obstruction. Patient was taken up for emergency laparotomy and intra operative findings revealed small bowel loops herniating in a cavity that is formed by bladder anteriorly, caecum and sigmoid colon laterally and rectum posteriorly. Bowel loops were released. The bowel was found to be viable and the defect was closed. Bowel movements resumed on the third post-operative day. This case is presented here as it is an extremely rare case of internal hernia causing small bowel obstruction.

Colorectal Metastasis from Ovarian Neoplasm Mimicking Primary Colon Cancer

Metastasis to the colon from another primary internal malignancy is an untypical and a seldom reported entity. Direct visualization during colonoscopy is considered the gold standard of diagnosis. Pathologic diagnosis with immunohistochemical staining is essential to differentiate primary colorectal malignancy from secondary metastasis to the colon. We, hereby, present a case of a 53-year-old female status-post resection of left-sided papillary serous ovarian neoplasm who presented 2 years later with a single rectosigmoid intraluminal ulcerative mass imitating a primary colon cancer. Biopsies of the mass were consistent with metastasis from her primary ovarian carcinoma. We believe this case is unique because of the rarity of ovarian cancer metastasizing to the colon intraluminally rather than through direct locoregional invasion. Furthermore, it highlights the importance of considering secondary metastasis in patients with previous history of another primary internal malignancy.

Sensorineural Hearing Loss and Wernicke Encephalopathy: A Case Report and Literature Review

Sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) is seldom associated with Wernicke encephalopathy (WE) or thiamine deficiency. While thiamine deficiency and repletion are often considered prior to dextrose infusions in patients with chronic alcohol abuse to prevent WE, they are often overlooked in non-alcoholic patients who are also at risk for malnutrition. In this paper we describe a case of a non-alcoholic 28-year-old female status post-sleeve gastrectomy who developed SNHL in the setting of thiamine deficiency and WE, with ongoing hearing impairment requiring hearing aids despite thiamine repletion.

THE HIGH FEMALE AND HIGH MALE'S SIMILAR TALK STRATEGIES AMONG FEMALE TALK IN THE PATERNAL SOCIETY

Islamic paternal parenting has socially patterned the man dominant language behavior over woman since childhood. This study explores the dominance distributions of high female and low female status in their informal talk strategy, the actual language use, among the students of The State Islamic Institute of Surakarta in three functional topical units of conversations. The analysis technique was introduced by Sinclair and Coulthard (1975), for which Leech (1983) modifies the speech acts. The data implies that the talk strategy among Muslim females is relatively similar to that of males. The higher female controls and initiates the interaction more while the lower is softer, more polite, more mutually supportive, and more cooperative to whomever she speaks to regardless of the status.Muslim Female; Act; Move; Talk Strategy

U-19 Female Status in Semetic Religions A Comparative Critical Research Study

"Human life and society comprises man and woman in general. Both are equal to each other being human being having equal rights and responsibilities being with in their natural limits. But the ground reality is quite different and bitter. The mankind especially the women folk have been exploited for a long time due to which society got imbalanced. The need is to probe the issue in the light of different religious teachings especially the semetic religions to know the actual status of women folk and to analyse that what of the semetic religions gives them their proper status in society by protecting their basic rights accordingly. This is the basic theme lying in the article."

Tradition of Concubine Holding in Hausa Society (Nigeria), 1900 – 1930

This paper examined the tradition of holding women as concubine in Muslim societies of the Hausa. Concubine holding changed the status of women and was acquired by slavery. This paper analysed concubine holding as a phenomenon that challenged female status in Hausa society. It put into perspective, the trajectories of concubine holding from the legends in the tradition of origin. It analysed the rights and privileges accrued to a concubine. And by the beginning of the twentieth century, the question of concubine holding was conveniently desirable under Islamic law and while the British law attempted to change the practices as part of efforts to abolish slavery. Thus, the paper contended that; concubine holding was part of the accepted norms in the sexual notions, which specifically privileged women to change their status and negotiate power in Hausa society. The paper adopted the historical approach by analysing court records, archival materials of the Nigerian National Archives, Kaduna, as well as books and journals relevant to the theme. Keywords: Concubine holding, British law, Islamic law, Hausa society

Mycobacterium Spindle Cell Pseudotumor Caused by Mycobacterium xenopi: A First Described Association of a Rare Entity Presenting in the Lung

Mycobacterial spindle cell pseudotumor (MSP) is a rare benign lesion characterized by a proliferation of bland spindle-shaped histiocytes with vague granulomatous formation, positive for acid-fast bacilli staining. This lesion is usually reported in the lymph nodes and skin of immunocompromised patients; only 6 cases primary in the lung have been reported in the English literature to this date. In this article, we present the case of a 42-year-old female status post failed kidney-pancreas transplant with subsequent multiple kidney transplants, on chronic immunosuppression, who developed a mass in the left lower lobe consistent with MSP. Mycobacterium xenopi was identified in lung tissue culture, an association never previously described in literature. This case report alerts for the possible association of this rare form of non-tuberculous mycobacteria in the pathogenesis of MSP and highlights the importance of this differential diagnosis in lung masses of immunocompromised patients.