scholarly journals Foundational Basis for the Development of MEDSReM

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 230-230
Author(s):  
Gilles Einstein ◽  
Daniel Morrow ◽  
Jeannie Lee ◽  
Wendy Rogers ◽  
Tracy Mitzner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Working Memory ◽  
Executive Function ◽  
Medication Adherence ◽  
Prospective Memory ◽  
Behavioral Intervention ◽  
Interdisciplinary Team ◽  
Attention Control ◽  
Use Of Technology ◽  
Adherence Monitoring

Abstract Discovering a composite of measures of executive function/working memory predicted everyday medication adherence among older adults, led to the development of a behavioral intervention, the Multifaceted Prospective Memory Intervention (MPMI) to improve hypertension medication adherence. The intervention resulted in a 35% improvement in adherence compared to an active education and attention control condition. However, adherence slowly declined over an additional five months of adherence monitoring without the presence of interventionists in the home. We proposed that the use of technology might help individuals maintain the prospective memory strategies, resulting in sustained adherence. An interdisciplinary team was formed to translate the behavioral intervention to technology, resulting in the first version of the MEDSReM system. In this presentation we describe the evolution of the project, from the components of the successful MPMI to the design and initial testing of MEDSReM. These efforts provide general insights about translating interventions into technology tools.

scholarly journals Executive Function, Working Memory, and Medication Adherence Among Older Adults

2006 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. P102-P107 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Insel ◽  
D. Morrow ◽  
B. Brewer ◽  
A. Figueredo
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Working Memory ◽  
Executive Function ◽  
Medication Adherence

scholarly journals The effects of combined cognitive training on prospective memory in older adults with mild cognitive impairment

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yifan Chen ◽  
Wei Zhou ◽  
Zijing Hong ◽  
Rongrong Hu ◽  
Zhibin Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Executive Function ◽  
Cognitive Training ◽  
Prospective Memory ◽  
Training Group ◽  
Strategy Training ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Executive Function Training ◽  
Encoding Strategy

AbstractThis study aimed to assess the effects of combined cognitive training on prospective memory ability of older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). A total of 113 participants were divided into a control group and three intervention groups. Over three months, the control group received only community education without any training, whereas for the first six weeks, an executive function training group received executive function training, a memory strategy training group received semantic encoding strategy training, and the combined cognitive training group received executive function training twice a week for the first six weeks, and semantic encoding strategy training twice a week for the next six weeks. The combined cognitive training group showed improvement on the objective neuropsychological testing (Montreal Cognitive Assessment scale). The memory strategy training group showed improvement on the self-evaluation scales (PRMQ-PM). Combined cognitive training improved the prospective memory and cognitive function of older adults with MCI.

Distinct effects of acute exercise and breaks in sitting on working memory and executive function in older adults: a three-arm, randomised cross-over trial to evaluate the effects of exercise with and without breaks in sitting on cognition

2019 ◽  
Vol 54 (13) ◽  
pp. 776-781 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J Wheeler ◽  
Daniel J Green ◽  
Kathryn A Ellis ◽  
Ester Cerin ◽  
Ilkka Heinonen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Working Memory ◽  
Executive Function ◽  
Light Intensity ◽  
Visual Learning ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Moderate Intensity Exercise ◽  
Intermittent Light ◽  
Time Points ◽  
Serum Bdnf

BackgroundSedentary behaviour is associated with impaired cognition, whereas exercise can acutely improve cognition.ObjectiveWe compared the effects of a morning bout of moderate-intensity exercise, with and without subsequent light-intensity walking breaks from sitting, on cognition in older adults.MethodsSedentary overweight/obese older adults with normal cognitive function (n=67, 67±7 years, 31.2±4.1 kg/m2) completed three conditions (6-day washout): SIT (sitting): uninterrupted sitting (8 hours, control); EX+SIT (exercise + sitting): sitting (1 hour), moderate-intensity walking (30 min), uninterrupted sitting (6.5 hours); and EX+BR (exercise + breaks): sitting (1 hour), moderate-intensity walking (30 min), sitting interrupted every 30 min with 3 min of light-intensity walking (6.5 hours). Cognitive testing (Cogstate) was completed at four time points assessing psychomotor function, attention, executive function, visual learning and working memory. Serum brain-derived neurotrophic growth factor (BDNF) was assessed at six time points. The 8-hour net area under the curve (AUC) was calculated for each outcome.ResultsWorking memory net AUC z-score·hour (95% CI) was improved in EX+BR with a z-score of +28 (−26 to +81), relative to SIT, −25 (−79 to +29, p=0.04 vs EX+BR). Executive function net AUC was improved in EX+SIT, −8 (− 71 to +55), relative to SIT, −80 (−142 to −17, p=0.03 vs EX+SIT). Serum BDNF net AUC ng/mL·hour (95% CI) was increased in both EX+SIT, +171 (−449 to +791, p=0.03 vs SIT), and EX+BR, +139 (−481 to +759, p=0.045 vs SIT), relative to SIT, −227 (−851 to +396).ConclusionA morning bout of moderate-intensity exercise improves serum BDNF and working memory or executive function in older adults, depending on whether or not subsequent sitting is also interrupted with intermittent light-intensity walking.Trial registration numberACTRN12614000737639.

Reduced Suppression or Labile Memory? Mechanisms of Inefficient Filtering of Irrelevant Information in Older Adults

2006 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 637-650 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monica Fabiani ◽  
Kathy A. Low ◽  
Emily Wee ◽  
Jeffrey J. Sable ◽  
Gabriele Gratton
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Working Memory ◽  
Cognitive Aging ◽  
Memory Function ◽  
Processing System ◽  
Sensory Memory ◽  
Attention Control ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Memory Decay ◽  
Age Related Changes

Cognitive aging theories emphasize the decrease in efficiency of inhibitory processes and attention control in normal aging, which, in turn, may result in reduction of working memory function. Accordingly, some of these age-related changes may be due to faster sensory memory decay or to inefficient filtering of irrelevant sensory information (sensory gating). Here, event-related brain potentials and the event-related optical signal were recorded in younger and older adults passively listening to tone trains. To determine whether age differentially affects decay of sensory memory templates over short intervals, trains were separated by delays of either 1 or 5 sec. To determine whether age affects the suppression of responses to unattended repeated stimuli, we evaluated the brain activity elicited by successive train stimuli. Some trains started with a shorter-duration stimulus (deviant trains). Results showed that both electrical and optical responses to tones were more persistent with repeated stimulation in older adults than in younger adults, whereas the effects of delay were similar in the two groups. A mismatch negativity (MMN) was elicited by the first stimulus in deviant trains. This MMN was larger for 1- than 5-sec delay, but did not differ across groups. These data suggest that age-related changes in sensory processing are likely due to inefficient filtering of repeated information, rather than to faster sensory memory decay. This inefficient filtering may be due to, or interact with, reduced attention control. Furthermore, it may increase the noise levels in the information processing system and thus contribute to problems with working memory and speed of processing.

scholarly journals An Interdisciplinary Collaboration to Improve Hypertension Medication Adherence for Older Adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 229-230
Author(s):  
Jeannie Lee ◽  
Wendy Rogers
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Decision Support ◽  
Medication Adherence ◽  
Cognitive Aging ◽  
Interdisciplinary Collaboration ◽  
Interdisciplinary Team ◽  
Interdisciplinary Teams ◽  
Improve Medication Adherence ◽  
Pressure Feedback

Abstract Hypertension is highly prevalent in older adults (74.5% in ≥60 years) with dire consequences, and adherence to hypertension medications is low (approximately 50%). With increased smartphone use among older adults (81% for 60-69 years, 62% for ≥70 years), technology innovations can improve medication adherence. This symposium highlights the efforts of an innovative interdisciplinary team of experts (clinical, cognitive aging, human factors, health technology) to develop and implement the Medication Education, Decision Support, Reminding, and Monitoring (MEDSReM) system to improve hypertension medication adherence for older adults. MEDSReM is a theory-based, integrated mobile application (app) and companion web portal that educates, supports missed dose decisions, reminds, monitors adherence, and incorporates blood pressure feedback. In this symposium, we describe the interdisciplinary development efforts. Insel et al. will present the theory-based intervention, technology translation, and advancement of the MEDSReM system. Lee et al. will describe the interdisciplinary team and describe the work by the decision support subteam that created the medication formulary and generated an algorithm to guide missed-dose decisions based on pharmacology of aging. Rogers et al. will discuss the education subteam’s development of educational information about hypertension, medications, and adherence for the MEDSReM system. Mitzner et al. will illustrate the instructional support sub-team’s efforts to ensure older adults can interact with both the smartphone app and online portal. Lastly, Hale et al. will describe the user testing subteam’s usability processes including the integration of blood pressure self-monitoring. These efforts will provide insights for other interdisciplinary teams developing technology interventions for older adults.

scholarly journals Speech Perception in Noise Is Associated With Different Cognitive Abilities in Chinese-Speaking Older Adults With and Without Hearing Aids

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuan Chen ◽  
Lena L. N. Wong ◽  
Shaina Shing Chan ◽  
Joannie Yu
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Working Memory ◽  
Executive Function ◽  
Speech Perception ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Verbal Learning ◽  
Chinese Adults ◽  
Speech Perception In Noise ◽  
Older Chinese ◽  
Older Chinese Adults

Chinese-speaking older adults usually do not perceive a hearing problem until audiometric thresholds exceed 45 dB HL, and the audiometric thresholds of the average hearing-aid (HA) user often exceed 60 dB HL. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationships between cognitive and hearing functions (measured as audiometric or speech reception thresholds) in older Chinese adults with HAs and with untreated hearing loss (HL). Participants were 49 Chinese older adults who used HAs and had moderate to severe HL (HA group), and 46 older Chinese who had mild to moderately severe HL but did not use HAs (untreated; or UT group). Multiple linear regression analysis was employed to evaluate how well age, education level, audiometric thresholds, and speech perception in noise were related to performance on general cognitive function, working memory, executive function, attention, and verbal learning tests. Results showed that speech perception in noise alone accounted for 13–25% of the variance in general cognitive function, working memory, and executive function in the UT group, and 9–21% of the variance in general cognitive function and verbal learning in the HA group (i.e., medium effect sizes). Audiometric thresholds did not explain any proportion of the variance in cognitive functioning in the HA or UT group. Thus, speech perception in noise accounts for more variance in cognitive performance than audiometric thresholds, and is significantly associated with different cognitive functions in older Chinese adults with HAs and with untreated HL.

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