scholarly journals EXECUTIVE FUNCTION AND PHYSICAL DECLINE TRAJECTORIES IN COMMUNITY DWELLING NON-DEMENTED OLDER ADULTS

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (suppl_1) ◽  
pp. 801-801
Author(s):  
V. Del Panta ◽  
M. Colpo ◽  
G. Sini ◽  
B. Stefania
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Executive Function ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Physical Decline

scholarly journals Views on Aging and Well-Being in the Covid Crisis – A Longitudinal Study in Luxembourg

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 961-961
Author(s):  
Anna Kornadt ◽  
Martine Hoffmann ◽  
Elke Murdock ◽  
Josepha Nell ◽  
Isabelle Albert
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Subjective Health ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Individual Development ◽  
Subjective Age ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Social Loss ◽  
Physical Decline

Abstract During the Covid-Crisis, stereotypes of older adults as helpless and vulnerable were spread, and intergenerational conflict was stirred more or less openly. We thus focused on perceived ageism during the crisis and its effects on well-being and health of older adults. Since views on aging are multifaceted and can be both, risk and resource for individual development, we assessed people’s self-perceptions of aging (SPA) as social loss, continued growth and physical decline and subjective age (SA). We hypothesized that people with SPA of social loss and physical decline would be more susceptible to negative effects of perceived ageism, whereas those with SPA of continued growth and younger SA would be less affected. NT1 = 611 community-dwelling adults aged 60 – 98 (Mage = 69.92 years) were recruited in June 2020 online and via phone in Luxembourg. In September 2020, participants will be contacted again for a follow-up. Analyses with cross-sectional data show that participants who felt more discriminated reported lower life satisfaction after the onset of the crisis (r = -.35) and worse subjective health (r = -.14). SPA of social loss and higher SA increased the negative effect of ageism on well-being (beta = -.57) and subjective health (beta = -.53), respectively. Our results point to mid- and long-term consequences of age discriminatory and stereotype-based crisis communication for the well-being of older adults and the importance of individual SPA in critical situations.

scholarly journals Effect of Pain Severity on Executive Function Decline in Community-Dwelling Older Adults

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 233372141881149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shunsuke Murata ◽  
Sho Nakakubo ◽  
Tsunenori Isa ◽  
Yamato Tsuboi ◽  
Kohtaroh Torizawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Executive Function ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Pain Severity ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

Long-Term Exposure to Air Pollutants and Cognitive Function in Taiwanese Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Four-Year Cohort Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jen-Hau Chen ◽  
Tsung-Yu Kuo ◽  
Hwa-Lung Yu ◽  
Charlene Wu ◽  
Su-Ling Yeh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Executive Function ◽  
Verbal Fluency ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
High Level ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

Background: Previous studies have assessed limited cognitive domains with relatively short exposure to air pollutants, and studies in Asia are limited. Objective: This study aims to explore the association between long-term exposure to air pollutants and cognition in community-dwelling older adults. Methods: This four-year prospective cohort study recruited 605 older adults at baseline (2011–2013) and 360 participants remained at four-year follow-up. Global and domain-specific cognition were assessed biennially. Data on PM2.5 (particulate matter ≤ 2.5 μm diameter, 2005–2015), PM10 (1993–2015), and nitrogen dioxide (NO2, 1993–2015) were obtained from Taiwan Environmental Protection Administration (TEPA). Bayesian Maximum Entropy was utilized to estimate the spatiotemporal distribution of levels of these pollutants. Results: Exposure to high-level PM2.5 (>29.98 μg/m3) was associated with an increased risk of global cognitive impairment (adjusted odds ratio = 4.56; β = −0.60). High-level PMcoarse exposure (>26.50 μg/m3) was associated with poor verbal fluency (β = −0.19). High-level PM10 exposure (>51.20 μg/m3) was associated with poor executive function (β = −0.24). Medium-level NO2 exposure (>28.62 ppb) was associated with better verbal fluency (β = 0.12). Co-exposure to high concentrations of PM2.5, PMcoarse or PM10 and high concentration of NO2 were associated with poor verbal fluency (PM2.5 and NO2: β = −0.17; PMcoarse and NO2: β = −0.23; PM10 and NO2: β = −0.21) and poor executive function (PM10 and NO2: β = −0.16). These associations became more evident in women, apolipoprotein ε4 non-carriers, and those with education > 12 years. Conclusion: Long-term exposure to PM2.5 (higher than TEPA guidelines), PM10 (lower than TEPA guidelines) or co-exposure to PMx and NO2 were associated with poor global, verbal fluency, and executive function over 4 years.

scholarly journals SAT-LB115 Metformin-Use Is Associated With Slowed Cognitive Decline and Reduced Incident Dementia in Older Adults With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: The Sydney Memory and Ageing Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine Samaras ◽  
Steve Makkar ◽  
John D Crawford ◽  
Nicole A Kochan ◽  
Wei Wen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Executive Function ◽  
Older People ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Incident Dementia ◽  
Ageing Study ◽  
Global Cognition ◽  
Rate Of Decline

Abstract Background Metformin use in diabetes has been associated with both increased and decreased dementia rates in observational studies of people with diabetes. Objective: To examine changes in global cognition and specific cognitive domains over 6 years in older adults with diabetes treated with metformin, compared to other glucose lowering medications, and to people without diabetes. Methods Data were examined from the Sydney Memory and Ageing Study, a prospective observational study of 6 years duration of 1037 non-demented community-dwelling elderly aged 70-90 at baseline, derived from a compulsory electoral roll. Neuropsychological testing was performed every 2 years with domain measures of memory, executive function, language, visuospatial function, attention and processing speed and a composite of global cognition. Data were analysed by linear mixed modelling, including age, sex, education, body mass index, heart disease, diabetes, hypertension, stroke, smoking and apolipoprotein E ε4 carriage as covariates. Results: At baseline, 123 participants had diabetes (DM) with 67 receiving metformin (DM+MF) who were similar in demographics to those not receiving metformin (DM-noMF) and those without diabetes (no-DM). Participants with diabetes had higher BMI, lower HDL- and LDL-cholesterol and more prevalent heart disease, hypertension and smoking, compared to no-DM. Over 6-years, DM+MF participants had significantly slower rates of decline in global cognition and executive function, compared to DM-noMF, adjusted for covariates. The rate of decline for each cognitive domain was similar between DM+MF and controls. No impact was found in analyses examining interactions with sex, ApoEε4 carriage or hyperlipidemia. No difference was found in the rate of decline in brain volumes between the groups over 2 years. Incident dementia was significantly higher in DM-noMF, compared to DM+MF (adjusted OR 5.29 [95% CI 1.17-23.88], p,0.05), whereas risk of incident dementia was similar between DM+MF and participants without diabetes. Conclusions: In older people with diabetes receiving metformin, rates of cognitive decline and dementia were similar to that found in people without diabetes and significantly less than that found in people with diabetes not receiving metformin. Large randomized studies in people with and without diabetes are required to determine whether these associations can be attributed to metformin alone or if other factors explain these observations. Future studies will clarify if this cheap and safe medication can be repurposed for prevention of cognitive decline in older people.

scholarly journals A STUDY OF EXECUTIVE FUNCTION (EF) AND PROSPECTIVE FALL RISK IN COMMUNITY-DWELLING OLDER ADULTS

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (suppl_1) ◽  
pp. 1051-1051
Author(s):  
C. Smith ◽  
C. Bula ◽  
H. Krief ◽  
L. Seematter-Bagnoud ◽  
B. Santos-Eggimann
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Executive Function ◽  
Fall Risk ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

Long-Term Exposure to Air Pollutants and Cognitive Function in Taiwanese Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Four-Year Cohort Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 78 (4) ◽  
pp. 1585-1600
Author(s):  
Jen-Hau Chen ◽  
Tsung-Yu Kuo ◽  
Hwa-Lung Yu ◽  
Charlene Wu ◽  
Su-Ling Yeh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Executive Function ◽  
Verbal Fluency ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Short Exposure ◽  
High Level ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

Background: Previous studies have assessed limited cognitive domains with relatively short exposure to air pollutants, and studies in Asia are limited. Objective: This study aims to explore the association between long-term exposure to air pollutants and cognition in community-dwelling older adults. Methods: This four-year prospective cohort study recruited 605 older adults at baseline (2011–2013) and 360 participants remained at four-year follow-up. Global and domain-specific cognition were assessed biennially. Data on PM2.5 (particulate matter≤2.5μm diameter, 2005–2015), PM10 (1993–2015), and nitrogen dioxide (NO2, 1993–2015) were obtained from Taiwan Environmental Protection Administration (TEPA). Bayesian Maximum Entropy was utilized to estimate the spatiotemporal distribution of levels of these pollutants. Results: Exposure to high-level PM2.5 (>29.98μg/m3) was associated with an increased risk of global cognitive impairment (adjusted odds ratio = 4.56; β= –0.60). High-level PMcoarse exposure (>26.50μg/m3) was associated with poor verbal fluency (β= –0.19). High-level PM10 exposure (>51.20μg/m3) was associated with poor executive function (β= –0.24). Medium-level NO2 exposure (>28.62 ppb) was associated with better verbal fluency (β= 0.12). Co-exposure to high concentrations of PM2.5, PMcoarse or PM10 and high concentration of NO2 were associated with poor verbal fluency (PM2.5 and NO2: β= –0.17; PMcoarse and NO2: β= –0.23; PM10 and NO2: β= –0.21) and poor executive function (PM10 and NO2: β= –0.16). These associations became more evident in women, apolipoprotein ɛ4 non-carriers, and those with education > 12 years. Conclusion: Long-term exposure to PM2.5 (higher than TEPA guidelines), PM10 (lower than TEPA guidelines) or co-exposure to PMx and NO2 were associated with poor global, verbal fluency, and executive function over 4 years.

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