scholarly journals THE FUTURE OF OLD-AGE BENEFITS

2005 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 553-564
Author(s):  
Stephen Crystal
Keyword(s):  
Old Age ◽  
The Future ◽  
Old Age Benefits

Changing expectations of care among older Tibetans living in India and Switzerland

2010 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 879-896 ◽  
Author(s):  
TENZIN WANGMO
Keyword(s):  
Old Age ◽  
Financial Support ◽  
Filial Piety ◽  
Intergenerational Relationships ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Cultural Continuity ◽  
Developed Country ◽  
Comparison Groups ◽  
Western Values ◽  
Old Age Benefits

ABSTRACTUsing interview data from 30 Tibetan elders living in India and Switzerland, the paper explores the support they received, their perception of intergenerational relationships, and their acceptance of different levels of intergenerational exchange. All of the sample had aged in either India or Switzerland and so provide excellent comparison groups, from respectively a developing and a developed country, by which to study changing filial piety with time, context and socio-economic conditions. With limited resources in old age, most of the participants in India needed financial support. Among them, parents with many children and children in developed countries received better financial support and collective care than those with one child or all children living in India. In contrast, the participants in Switzerland were entitled to state old-age benefits, and so required mainly affirmation and emotional support. A consequence of living in a developed nation was dissatisfaction when the children adopted western values and the family's cultural continuity was threatened. The findings support two recommendations: in developing countries, the provision of old-age benefits to ensure a minimum level of financial security and independence among older adults; and in developed countries, the promotion of a mutual understanding of filial piety among different generations of older refugees and immigrants to help ameliorate intergenerational differences.

scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF LANGUAGE ON PREPARATION FOR OLD AGE: EVIDENCE FROM CROSS-CULTURAL SURVEY AND TWITTER DATA

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S976-S976
Author(s):  
Amber Xuqian Chen ◽  
Helene H Fung
Keyword(s):  
Old Age ◽  
Living Arrangement ◽  
Future Orientation ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Future Tense ◽  
Time Discounting ◽  
Twitter Data ◽  
The Future ◽  
Future Project

Abstract We aimed to further investigate the linguistic-savings hypothesis (Chen, 2013) in the field of aging, which maintains that when languages grammatically divide the future and the present (e.g. English and Czech), speakers tend to behave less future-oriented than those speaking languages that do not mark future tense (e.g. German and Chinese). In the 2018 wave of Aging as Future Project, 2,042 participants from the United States, Germany, Czech Republic, Hong Kong and Taiwan (18-93 year, Mean age= 55.47, 55.61% female) completed online questionnaires. The results supported the hypothesis that people speaking future-less languages tended to perceive the timing of preparation for old age closer to the present in terms of finance, living arrangement, nursing care, and loneliness, they also took action earlier and performed more relevant activities. Furthermore, the association between language and preparation timing was more salient in older adults than younger counterparts. And path analysis revealed that time discounting was a significant predictor (P=0.049) for the future-oriented behavior. Hence, speakers of futureless languages will view the future as temporally closer to the present, causing them to discount the future less and prepare for old age actively. Using LIWC 2017, we then analyzed community-level of future orientation with 80 million Tweets across countries and replicated our principal result through that usage of future-oriented languages partly predicted prevalence of health behaviors. The findings indicate that language not only shape people's own future-oriented outcomes, through decreasing time discounting, but also influence population health as a whole.

Has Social Security Policy Converged? Cross-Country Evolution of Old Age Benefits, 1890–2000

2012 ◽  
Vol 72 (4) ◽  
pp. 927-955 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Elu-Terán
Keyword(s):  
Old Age ◽  
Security Policy ◽  
Social Insurance ◽  
Welfare States ◽  
Pension Policy ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Key Drivers ◽  
Cross Country ◽  
Social Security Policy ◽  
Old Age Benefits

The extension of social insurance during the twentieth century did not translate into homogeneous pension provision. Using a new database, this article analyzes the evolution of pensions in the long run for a sample of welfare states. The convergence in old age benefits as a share of earnings is only found for all earnings levels between 1970 and 1990. The results also underline the role as determinants of pension policy of both domestic and external factors. In line with previous literature, income per capita and the share of old people are key drivers of pensions. However, the effect of globalization is negative, especially for low and medium earnings levels.

Relations of Retired People and Their Grandchildren

1994 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 1083-1088 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirja Kalliopuska
Keyword(s):  
Old Age ◽  
Adult Children ◽  
Life Experience ◽  
Moral Values ◽  
Third Age ◽  
The Third ◽  
Life Attitudes ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Relationship

79 retired persons in the third-age university were asked about their relationships with their grandchildren and relationships in general. The ages of the 63 women and 16 men ranged from 54 to 82 years ( M of 66 years); 62% were married, 28% divorced or widowed, 61% lived with spouse, 34% lived alone, 4% with their adult children, and only one person in an old-age home. The average number of grandchildren was three. Analysis showed relations with their grandchildren were judged as very good or good (91%). The grandparenting role was diverse: the grandparent gave a grandchild love or affection, care, shelter, life experience, moral values, company, closeness, trust, aid, and support. The grandchild benefitted from the relationship affectively, cognitively, and materially. The grandchild gave a grandparent joy, inspiration, tenderness and love, contentment, life attitudes, closeness and company, and hope and faith for the future.

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