scholarly journals Characterization of the CDP-d-mannitol biosynthetic pathway in Streptococcus pneumoniae 35A

Glycobiology ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 22 (12) ◽  
pp. 1760-1767 ◽  
Author(s):  
Quan Wang ◽  
Yanli Xu ◽  
Andrei V Perepelov ◽  
Yuriy A Knirel ◽  
Peter R Reeves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Pneumoniae ◽  
Biosynthetic Pathway

scholarly journals Biochemical Characterization of the CDP-D-Arabinitol Biosynthetic Pathway in Streptococcus pneumoniae 17F

2012 ◽  
Vol 194 (8) ◽  
pp. 1868-1874 ◽  
Author(s):  
Q. Wang ◽  
Y. Xu ◽  
A. V. Perepelov ◽  
Y. A. Knirel ◽  
P. R. Reeves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Pneumoniae ◽  
Biosynthetic Pathway ◽  
Biochemical Characterization

scholarly journals Characterization of the CDP-2-Glycerol Biosynthetic Pathway in Streptococcus pneumoniae

2010 ◽  
Vol 192 (20) ◽  
pp. 5506-5514 ◽  
Author(s):  
Quan Wang ◽  
Yanli Xu ◽  
Andrei V. Perepelov ◽  
Wei Xiong ◽  
Dongmei Wei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Streptococcus Pneumoniae ◽  
Biosynthetic Pathway ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Ionization Mass ◽  
Enzyme Substrate ◽  
Effects Of Temperature ◽  
First Time ◽  
Novel Products

ABSTRACT Capsule polysaccharide (CPS) plays an important role in the virulence of Streptococcus pneumoniae and is usually used as the pneumococcal vaccine target. Glycerol-2-phosphate is found in the CPS of S. pneumoniae types 15A and 23F and is rarely found in the polysaccharides of other bacteria. The biosynthetic pathway of the nucleotide-activated form of glycerol-2-phosphate (NDP-2-glycerol) has never been identified. In this study, three genes (gtp1, gtp2, and gtp3) from S. pneumoniae 23F that have been proposed to be involved in the synthesis of NDP-2-glycerol were cloned and the enzyme products were expressed, purified, and assayed for their respective activities. Capillary electrophoresis was used to detect novel products from the enzyme-substrate reactions, and the structure of the product was elucidated using electrospray ionization mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Gtp1 was identified as a reductase that catalyzes the conversion of 1,3-dihydroxyacetone to glycerol, Gtp3 was identified as a glycerol-2-phosphotransferase that catalyzes the conversion of glycerol to glycerol-2-phosphate, and Gtp2 was identified as a cytidylyltransferase that transfers CTP to glycerol-2-phosphate to form CDP-2-glycerol as the final product. The kinetic parameters of Gtp1 and Gtp2 were characterized in depth, and the effects of temperature, pH, and cations on these two enzymes were analyzed. This is the first time that the biosynthetic pathway of CDP-2-glycerol has been identified biochemically; this pathway provides a method to enzymatically synthesize this compound.

Phenotypic and genotypic characterization of Streptococcus pneumoniae resistant to macrolide in Casablanca, Morocco

2016 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 200-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Idrissa Diawara ◽  
Khalid Zerouali ◽  
Khalid Katfy ◽  
Abouddihaj Barguigua ◽  
Houria Belabbes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Pneumoniae ◽  
Genotypic Characterization ◽  
Phenotypic And Genotypic Characterization

scholarly journals Genetic Characterization of the Carotenoid Biosynthetic Pathway in Methylobacterium extorquens AM1 and Isolation of a Colorless Mutant

2003 ◽  
Vol 69 (12) ◽  
pp. 7563-7566 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen J. Van Dien ◽  
Christopher J. Marx ◽  
Brooke N. O'Brien ◽  
Mary E. Lidstrom
Keyword(s):  
Biosynthetic Pathway ◽  
Genetic Characterization ◽  
Carotenoid Biosynthesis ◽  
Biosynthesis Pathway ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Methylobacterium Extorquens ◽  
Growth Properties ◽  
Carotenoid Biosynthesis Pathway ◽  
Free Strain

ABSTRACT Genomic searches were used to reconstruct the putative carotenoid biosynthesis pathway in the pink-pigmented facultative methylotroph Methylobacterium extorquens AM1. Four genes for putative phytoene desaturases were identified. A colorless mutant was obtained by transposon mutagenesis, and the insertion was shown to be in one of the putative phytoene desaturase genes. Mutations in the other three did not affect color. The tetracycline marker was removed from the original transposon mutant, resulting in a pigment-free strain with wild-type growth properties useful as a tool for future experiments.

scholarly journals Biosynthesis of anandamide and N-palmitoylethanolamine by sequential actions of phospholipase A2 and lysophospholipase D

2004 ◽  
Vol 380 (3) ◽  
pp. 749-756 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong-Xin SUN ◽  
Kazuhito TSUBOI ◽  
Yasuo OKAMOTO ◽  
Takeharu TONAI ◽  
Makoto MURAKAMI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biosynthetic Pathway ◽  
Brain Homogenate ◽  
Wide Distribution ◽  
Rat Tissues ◽  
Lysophospholipase D ◽  
Pla2 Enzyme ◽  
First Time ◽  
Hydrolysis Of ◽  
The Brain

Anandamide (an endocannabinoid) and other bioactive long-chain NAEs (N-acylethanolamines) are formed by direct release from N-acyl-PE (N-acyl-phosphatidylethanolamine) by a PLD (phospholipase D). However, the possible presence of a two-step pathway from N-acyl-PE has also been suggested previously, which comprises (1) the hydrolysis of N-acyl-PE to N-acyl-lysoPE by PLA1/PLA2 enzyme(s) and (2) the release of NAEs from N-acyllysoPE by lysoPLD (lysophospholipase D) enzyme(s). In the present study we report for the first time the characterization of enzymes responsible for this pathway. The PLA1/PLA2 activity for N-palmitoyl-PE was found in various rat tissues, with the highest activity in the stomach. This stomach enzyme was identified as group IB sPLA2 (secretory PLA2), and its product was determined as N-acyl-1-acyl-lysoPE. Recombinant group IB, IIA and V of sPLA2s were also active with N-palmitoyl-PE, whereas group X sPLA2 and cytosolic PLA2α were inactive. In addition, we found wide distribution of lysoPLD activity generating N-palmitoylethanolamine from N-palmitoyl-lysoPE in rat tissues, with higher activities in the brain and testis. Based on several lines of enzymological evidence, the lysoPLD enzyme could be distinct from the known N-acyl-PE-hydrolysing PLD. sPLA2-IB dose dependently enhanced the production of N-palmitoylethanolamine from N-palmitoyl-PE in the brain homogenate showing the lysoPLD activity. N-Arachidonoyl-PE and N-arachidonoyl-lysoPE as anandamide precursors were also good substrates of sPLA2-IB and the lysoPLD respectively. These results suggest that the sequential actions of PLA2 and lysoPLD may constitute another biosynthetic pathway for NAEs, including anandamide.

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