15. Water Pollution

2019 ◽  
pp. 464-516 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Fisher ◽  
Bettina Lange ◽  
Eloise Scotford
Keyword(s):  
Water Pollution ◽  
European Union ◽  
Environmental Policy ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Pollution Control ◽  
Coastal Areas ◽  
Legal Rules ◽  
Water Courses ◽  
Control Regime ◽  
Integrated Pollution Control

This chapter critically examines English, as well as selected European Union, laws that regulate the interlinked environmental challenges of protecting the quality and quantity of water courses. It deals with legal rules seeking to prevent and limit the pollution of rivers and other inland surface waters, such as lakes, as well as coastal areas and groundwater. One of the key challenges for water pollution law is to evolve into a more holistic, coherent, and integrated pollution control regime. In discussing this challenge, the chapter refers to and critiques recent interesting attempts to develop environmental policy discourses of bioregionalism and ecofederalism, that is, attempts to map regulatory space onto ‘natural’ spaces.

scholarly journals The Quality of Finnish Surface Waters and Future Trends

1977 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 289-296
Author(s):  
Seppo E. Mustonen
Keyword(s):  
Water Pollution ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Pollution Control ◽  
Coastal Areas ◽  
Future Trends ◽  
Waste Waters ◽  
Rapid Deterioration

Finland's water resources are abundant and can be considered adequate to meet needs except in some coastal areas. This abundance was previously considered so obvious that water resources were used carelessly, without a thought to the harmful changes in water quality caused by the reckless use of lakes e.g. for discharging waste waters. In the late 1950's people finally perceived the rapid deterioration of Finland's beautiful lakes. An administration for water pollution control was established and a new Water Act was passed at the beginning of the 1960's. Since then the fight for clean waters has continued with varying success. What is the state of Finnish surface waters now, and what are the prospects for the future?

Low-Cost Technology for Water Pollution Control in Developing Countries

1982 ◽  
Vol 14 (9-11) ◽  
pp. 1337-1352 ◽  
Author(s):  
G G Cillié
Keyword(s):  
Water Pollution ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
United Nations ◽  
Pollution Control ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Water Pollution Control ◽  
Local Labour ◽  
International Water ◽  
Design And Methods ◽  
Local Materials

An estimated 80 % of all illnesses in developing countries is in one way or another related to water. In order to alleviate this most serious condition, the united Nations has initiated the “International Water Decade”, for which the estimated costs are $600 000 million, a sum which is far beyond any available means. By application of “low-cost technology” this sum could be reduced to $100 000 million which brings the objective within the reach of possibility. Details are given of the design and methods of construction of units which are best suited to the specific requirements and which would be simple, reliable and economical to operate. These can be constructed largely from local materials and by local labour. The need for appropriate training of both operators and the user population is stressed.

A Study of the Planning of Water Pollution Control for Second Songhua River in China

1991 ◽  
Vol 23 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 41-48
Author(s):  
Yin Jun
Keyword(s):  
Water Pollution ◽  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Pollution Control ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Initial Structure ◽  
Stable Model ◽  
Control Plan ◽  
Songhua River ◽  
The Second Songhua River

The paper takes the Second Songhua River as an object for research and selects Thomas's BOD-DO stable model as the initial structure on the basis of overall investigations and analyses on water pollution in every reach. In view of the characteristics of the river being located at the north, values k’1, k’2 and k’3 in dry season of winter were determined and calculated, and a series analyses have been made. The self-purification ability of the river and the total elimination amount of the main pollutants BOD5 were also calculated. In order to minimize the required cost, we distributed the cost to the main pollution sources, which are to be controlled. We firstly set a cost function of sewage treatment plant by series design and calculated the related cost parameters, then calculated two kinds of optimal distributing models of BOD5 elimination, which were a mathematical model of extreme value of conditions and a matrix mathematical model. Now they have been applied to the practical pollution control plan for the Second Songhua River.

A Full-Scale Demonstration Food Waste and Sewage Sludge Co-Digestion Project at the Joint Water Pollution Control Plant

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 (15) ◽  
pp. 3796-3806
Author(s):  
Robert Morton ◽  
James Ecker ◽  
Robert Hickey ◽  
Daniel Gary ◽  
Andy Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Pollution ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Food Waste ◽  
Pollution Control ◽  
Control Plant ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Water Pollution Control
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