2. Supremacy, direct effect, indirect effect, and state liability

2020 ◽  
pp. 22-46
Author(s):  
Matthew J. Homewood
Keyword(s):  
Member State ◽  
Direct Effect ◽  
Indirect Effect ◽  
National Court ◽  
Legal Order ◽  
Eu Law ◽  
Key Concepts ◽  
State Liability ◽  
The Eu

This chapter discusses the key concepts within the EU legal order: supremacy, direct effect, indirect effect, and state liability. The doctrine of supremacy dictates that EU law takes precedence over conflicting provisions of national law. If a provision of EU law is directly effective, it gives rise to rights upon which individuals can rely directly in the national court. If an EU measure is not directly effective, a claimant may be able to rely on it through the application of indirect effect, which requires national law to be interpreted in accordance with relevant EU law. State liability gives rise to a right to damages where an individual has suffered loss because a Member State has failed to implement a directive or has committed other breaches of EU law.

2. Supremacy, direct effect, indirect effect, and state liability

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew J. Homewood
Keyword(s):  
Member State ◽  
Direct Effect ◽  
Indirect Effect ◽  
National Court ◽  
Legal Order ◽  
Eu Law ◽  
Key Concepts ◽  
State Liability ◽  
The Eu

This chapter discusses the key concepts within the EU legal order: supremacy, direct effect, indirect effect, and state liability. The doctrine of supremacy dictates that EU law takes precedence over conflicting provisions of national law. If a provision of EU law is directly effective, it gives rise to rights upon which individuals can rely directly in the national court. If an EU measure is not directly effective, a claimant may be able to rely on it through the application of indirect effect, which requires national law to be interpreted in accordance with relevant EU law. State liability gives rise to a right to damages where an individual has suffered loss because a Member State has failed to implement a directive or has committed other breaches of EU law.

scholarly journals State liability and the enforcement of arbitral awards infringing EU law, a zero-sum game after Tomášová? = Responsabilidad del estado por inejecución de laudos arbitrales que violan el derecho de la UE, ¿un juego de suma cero tras Tomášová?

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 567
Author(s):  
Carlos J. Moreiro González
Keyword(s):  
Member State ◽  
Legal Order ◽  
Eu Law ◽  
Commercial Arbitration ◽  
National Courts ◽  
Regulatory Standard ◽  
Complex Relationships ◽  
State Liability ◽  
Zero Sum ◽  
The Eu

Abstract: The CJEU doctrine regarding to commercial arbitration addresses several aspects of the complex relationships between arbitration and EU Law. Nonetheless, since there is no established regulatory standard, the national court’s review of the conformity of arbitration awards with the EU legal order is conducted according to different criteria.As national courts are faced with obligations of varying degrees, there is the risk of detaching themselves from the obligation to protect this legal order, with a corresponding impact on the creation of situations that could give rise to State liability for infringements of EU Law.Although in its judgment in the Tomášová case the CJEU recognizes very restrictive grounds for the liability of a Member State in such circumstances, this does not exclude that such liability could beincurred under less restrictive circumstances either on the basis of internal law or international law.Keywords: arbitration, award, public policy.Resumen: La doctrina del TJUE sobre el arbitraje comercial aborda varios aspectos de las complejas relaciones entre el arbitraje y la legislación de la UE. No obstante, dado que no existe una norma reglamentaria establecida, la revisión del tribunal nacional de la conformidad de los laudos arbitrales con el ordenamiento jurídico de la UE se lleva a cabo de acuerdo con diferentes criterios.Dado que los tribunales nacionales se enfrentan a obligaciones de diverso grado, existe el riesgo de desvincularse de la obligación de proteger este ordenamiento jurídico, con el consiguiente impacto en la creación de situaciones que podrían dar lugar a la responsabilidad del Estado por infracciones del Derecho de la UE.Aunque en su sentencia en el asunto Tomášová, el TJUE reconoce motivos muy restrictivos para la responsabilidad de un Estado miembro en tales circunstancias, esto no excluye que dicha responsabilidad pueda incurrirse en circunstancias menos restrictivas, ya sea sobre la base del derecho interno o del derecho internacional.Palabras clave: arbitraje, laudo,orden público.

3. The Sources, Forms, and Individual Remedies of EU Law

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nigel Foster
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Case Law ◽  
Legal Order ◽  
European Court Of Justice ◽  
Primary Sources ◽  
Eu Law ◽  
European Court ◽  
Questions And Answers ◽  
State Liability ◽  
The Eu

The Concentrate Questions and Answers series offer the best preparation for tackling exam questions. Each book includes typical questions, bullet-pointed answer plans and suggested answers, author commentary and illustrative diagrams and flowcharts. This chapter includes questions on a wide variety of often overlapping points concerned with the sources of European Union (EU) law. The sources of law are the Treaties which are regarded as primary sources and secondary legislation which can be enacted by the institutions of the Union by virtue of the powers given by the Member States and which are contained in the Treaties. Additional sources of law in the EU legal order are agreements with third countries, general principles and the case law of the European Court of Justice (ECJ) establishing, amongst other case law developments, the doctrine of direct effects, supremacy of EU law and state liability.

4. Enforcing EU law rights in national courts

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elspeth Berry ◽  
Matthew J. Homewood ◽  
Barbara Bogusz
Keyword(s):  
Direct Effect ◽  
Indirect Effect ◽  
Eu Law ◽  
National Courts ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Complete Series ◽  
Explanatory Text ◽  
State Liability ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Primary Materials

Titles in the Complete series combine extracts from a wide range of primary materials with clear explanatory text to provide readers with a complete introductory resource. This chapter discusses the development of the concepts of the direct effect and indirect effect of EU law—in other words, the rights of an individual or business to rely on a provision of EU law in their national courts; the rules that apply to the grant of remedies in national courts for breach of directly or indirectly effective EU law; and the relationship between direct and indirect effect, and the principle of State liability.

8. Enforcing EU law

2020 ◽  
pp. 205-239
Author(s):  
Sylvia de Mars
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Member State ◽  
Indirect Effect ◽  
Similar Process ◽  
Eu Law ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Enforcement Action ◽  
Court Of Justice ◽  
State Liability ◽  
The Impact

This chapter addresses the Treaty's provisions on the enforcement of EU law, particularly looking at Articles 258–260 TFEU (Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union). The European Commission's enforcement action, known as ‘infringement proceedings’, is set out in Article 258 TFEU. If the Commission proves an infringement has occurred, the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) will issue a binding verdict that requires the Member State to rectify the breach: in other words, to amend its domestic laws until they are compliant with EU law. Article 260 TFEU makes clear, however, that the CJEU can only order ‘compliance’. Article 259 sets out a very similar process, rarely used, for Member State v Member State infringement proceedings. The chapter then considers the CJEU's development of the principles of direct and indirect effect and state liability, and explores the remedies for breaches of EU law. It also assesses the impact of Brexit on the enforcement of EU law.

Human Rights in the EU: Rethinking the Role of the European Convention on Human Rights after Lisbon

2011 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wolfgang Weiß
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Direct Effect ◽  
Legal Order ◽  
Fundamental Rights ◽  
European Convention ◽  
Eu Law ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Loss Of Autonomy ◽  
The Eu

Treaty of Lisbon – Fundamental Rights Charter – European Convention on Human Rights – Partial incorporation of Convention in Charter – Incorporation of Charter into EU law with Lisbon – Questions of loss of autonomy for the EU legal order – Gain in direct effect of Convention in EU member states

6. The effects of EU law in the national legal systems

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michal Bobek
Keyword(s):  
Direct Effect ◽  
Indirect Effect ◽  
Eu Law ◽  
Legal Systems ◽  
Rules And Principles ◽  
State Liability ◽  
Default Rules

This chapter examines how EU law interacts with national legal systems. It first explains the default rules for the national application of EU law. It then focuses on three key principles: direct effect, indirect effect, and primacy. It considers requirements formulated with respect to procedures for the national enforcement of EU law and state liability for breaches of EU law. The chapter concludes with a case study, which illustrates the interplay between the rules and principles introduced in this chapter.

6. The effects of EU law in the national legal systems

2020 ◽  
pp. 154-190
Author(s):  
Michal Bobek
Keyword(s):  
Direct Effect ◽  
Indirect Effect ◽  
Eu Law ◽  
Legal Systems ◽  
Rules And Principles ◽  
State Liability ◽  
Default Rules

This chapter examines how EU law interacts with national legal systems. It first explains the default rules for the national application of EU law. It then focuses on three key principles: direct effect, indirect effect, and primacy. It considers requirements formulated with respect to procedures for the national enforcement of EU law and state liability for breaches of EU law. The chapter concludes with a case study, which illustrates the interplay between the rules and principles introduced in this chapter.

4. Enforcing EU law rights in national courts

2019 ◽  
pp. 122-195
Author(s):  
Elspeth Berry ◽  
Matthew J. Homewood ◽  
Barbara Bogusz
Keyword(s):  
Direct Effect ◽  
Indirect Effect ◽  
Eu Law ◽  
National Courts ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Complete Series ◽  
Explanatory Text ◽  
State Liability ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Primary Materials

Titles in the Complete series combine extracts from a wide range of primary materials with clear explanatory text to provide readers with a complete introductory resource. This chapter discusses the development of the concepts of the direct effect and indirect effect of EU law—in other words, the rights of an individual or business to rely on a provision of EU law in their national courts; the rules that apply to the grant of remedies in national courts for breach of directly or indirectly effective EU law; and the relationship between direct and indirect effect, and the principle of State liability.

7. Doctrines of European Union law: direct effect, supremacy, state liability for breach of Union law and other remedies

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margot Horspool ◽  
Matthew Humphreys ◽  
Michael Wells-Greco
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Direct Effect ◽  
Indirect Effect ◽  
Eu Law ◽  
European Union Law ◽  
State Liability

This chapter reviews the main doctrines or principles of EU law. It is divided into three sections: direct effect and indirect effect; supremacy or primacy; state liability for breach of Union law and other remedies.

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