scholarly journals The effects of periodic marine inflow into the Baltic Sea on the migration patterns of Western Baltic spring-spawning herring

2013 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 519-527
Author(s):  
Tanja Miethe ◽  
Tomas Gröhsler ◽  
Uwe Böttcher ◽  
Christian von Dorrien
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Late Summer ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Clupea Harengus ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
Migration Patterns ◽  
Seasonal Migrations ◽  
Acoustic Surveys ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
Spawning Sites

Abstract Western Baltic spring-spawning herring (WBSSH, Clupea harengus L.) perform seasonal migrations between feeding grounds in the Skagerrak and Kattegat and their spawning sites in the Western Baltic Sea. The Sound, connecting the Kattegat to the Western Baltic Sea, is an important aggregation and transition zone for this herring stock during its spawning migration. We analysed data from the German autumn acoustic surveys of the years 1993–2009. These data revealed at least two different distribution patterns of herring in autumn: herring generally aggregated in the Sound, but in some years the majority of herring were detected further south, being outside of the Sound by the time of the survey. We tested whether observed annual differences in the herring migration can be explained by either stock characteristics (age and size) or hydrographical variables (salinity and oxygen concentration). Our results suggest that rather than being related to stock characteristics, the distribution pattern of herring was related to environmental conditions, i.e. to marine inflow events into the Baltic Sea. Barotropic inflow events in late summer and early autumn seem to prevent deoxygenation in the Sound and thereby favour the prolonged aggregation of herring in the Sound.

Metazoan parasites from herring (Clupea harengus L.) as biological indicators in the Baltic Sea

2014 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Unger ◽  
Sven Klimpel ◽  
Thomas Lang ◽  
Harry Palm
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Parasite Species ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Biological Indicators ◽  
Clupea Harengus ◽  
Fish Parasites ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
Metazoan Parasites ◽  
The Baltic

AbstractZoographical distribution of metazoan fish parasites in herring, Clupea harengus, from the Baltic Sea was analysed in order to use them as potential biological indicators. A total of 210 herring from six different sampling sites were investigated, harbouring 12 different parasite species [five digeneans (D), one cestode (C), three nematodes (N) and three acanthocephalans (A)]. The distribution of the parasite species differed according to region, with a distinct gradient of decreasing species richness towards the east of the Baltic Sea. The western localities at Kiel Bay, Rügen and Poland had the highest parasite diversity, including the marine parasite species Anisakis simplex (s.s.) (N), Brachyphallus crenatus and Hemiurus luehei (both D). The eastern localities had low parasite species richness, predominated by the freshwater digenean Diplostomum spathaceum. We could identify three different Baltic herring stocks, the spring-spawning herring of the western Baltic reaching from the Kattegat to the German and Polish coast, the stock of the central Baltic proper and the northern stock of C. harengus var. membras of the Gulf of Finland. The limited distribution of the herring parasites within the Baltic Sea enables their use as biological indicators for migration patterns and stock separation. The acanthocephalan Pomphorhynchus laevis that has already been used as an accumulation bioindicator for heavy metals was only recorded for the western herring stocks. However, the presence of mainly generalistic parasites and their uneven distribution patterns make their use as indicators for regional environmental and global change more difficult.

scholarly journals The influence of uncertainty in target strength on abundance indices based on acoustic surveys: examples of the Baltic Sea herring and sprat

2009 ◽  
Vol 66 (6) ◽  
pp. 1404-1409 ◽  
Author(s):  
Svetlana M. Kasatkina
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Size Structure ◽  
Stock Assessment ◽  
Clupea Harengus ◽  
Statistical Characteristics ◽  
Target Strength ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
Abundance Indices ◽  
Acoustic Surveys ◽  
The Baltic

Abstract Kasatkina, S. M. 2009. The influence of uncertainty in target strength on abundance indices based on acoustic surveys: examples of the Baltic Sea herring and sprat. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 66: 1404–1409. In situ, target-strength (TS) measurements at 38 kHz and an analysis of biometric fish characteristics are presented for the Baltic Sea herring (Clupea harengus membras) and sprat (Sprattus sprattus). It is demonstrated that the application of two TS–length functions for the Baltic Sea clupeids, the first for young herring and sprat and the second for adult herring, is reasonable, and the two functions can therefore replace the well-known equation used since 1983. Parameters of the proposed relationships, accompanied by their statistical characteristics, are included in a model to obtain uncertainty in acoustically derived abundance indices. Major components of survey uncertainty, such as spatial variability, species composition, and size structure, are also included in the simulation. The proposed TS functions should permit estimates of more realistic abundance dynamics of Baltic Sea clupeids, by years and age groups, thereby providing important information for stock assessment models.

scholarly journals An ecosystem model of food web and fisheries interactions in the Baltic Sea

2003 ◽  
Vol 60 (5) ◽  
pp. 939-950 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris J Harvey ◽  
Sean P Cox ◽  
Timothy E Essington ◽  
Sture Hansson ◽  
James F Kitchell
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Food Web ◽  
Species Interactions ◽  
Gadus Morhua ◽  
Population Analysis ◽  
Clupea Harengus ◽  
Trophic Relationships ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
Management Actions ◽  
The Baltic

Abstract Because fisheries operate within a complex array of species interactions, scientists increasingly recommend multispecies approaches to fisheries management. We created a food web model for the Baltic Sea proper, using the Ecopath with Ecosim software, to evaluate interactions between fisheries and the food web from 1974 to 2000. The model was based largely on values generated by multispecies virtual population analysis (MSVPA). Ecosim outputs closely reproduced MSVPA biomass estimates and catch data for sprat (Sprattus sprattus), herring (Clupea harengus), and cod (Gadus morhua), but only after making adjustments to cod recruitment, to vulnerability to predation of specific species, and to foraging times. Among the necessary adjustments were divergent trophic relationships between cod and clupeids: cod exhibited top-down control on sprat biomass, but had little influence on herring. Fishing, the chief source of mortality for cod and herring, and cod reproduction, as driven by oceanographic conditions as well as unexplained variability, were also key structuring forces. The model generated many hypotheses about relationships between key biota in the Baltic Sea food web and may ultimately provide a basis for estimating community responses to management actions.

Impact of Spawning Substrate Complexity on Egg Survival of Atlantic Herring (Clupea harengus, L.) in the Baltic Sea

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 549-559 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lena von Nordheim ◽  
Paul Kotterba ◽  
Dorothee Moll ◽  
Patrick Polte
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Clupea Harengus ◽  
Atlantic Herring ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
Egg Survival ◽  
Spawning Substrate ◽  
The Baltic

Environmental genotoxicity and cytotoxicity levels in herring (Clupea harengus), flounder (Platichthys flesus) and cod (Gadus morhua) inhabiting the Gdansk Basin of the Baltic Sea

2018 ◽  
Vol 133 ◽  
pp. 65-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberta Valskienė ◽  
Janina Baršienė ◽  
Laura Butrimavičienė ◽  
Wlodzimierz Grygiel ◽  
Virmantas Stunžėnas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Gadus Morhua ◽  
Clupea Harengus ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
Platichthys Flesus ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
Environmental Genotoxicity

scholarly journals Relationships between fish stock changes in the Baltic Sea and the M74 syndrome, a reproductive disorder of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar)

2011 ◽  
Vol 68 (10) ◽  
pp. 2134-2144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaakko Mikkonen ◽  
Marja Keinänen ◽  
Michele Casini ◽  
Jukka Pönni ◽  
Pekka J. Vuorinen
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Salmo Salar ◽  
Gadus Morhua ◽  
Clupea Harengus ◽  
Fish Stock ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
Atlantic Salmon Salmo Salar ◽  
Reproductive Disorder ◽  
The Baltic

Abstract Mikkonen, J., Keinänen, M., Casini, M., Pönni, J., and Vuorinen, P. J. 2011. Relationships between fish stock changes in the Baltic Sea and the M74 syndrome, a reproductive disorder of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 68: 2134–2144. The M74 syndrome of Baltic salmon (Salmo salar), which appears as increased yolk-sac fry mortality (YSFM), impairs the reproduction of salmon stocks. Changes in the prey stocks of Baltic salmon in its two feeding areas, the southern Baltic Proper (BPr), where sprat (Sprattus sprattus) was the main prey species during the high incidence of M74, and the Bothnian Sea, where herring (Clupea harengus) is the dominant species, were analysed in relation to salmon growth and size and in relation to the incidence of M74. The high condition factor (CF > 1.05) of prespawning salmon predicted high YSFM. From the various stock factors of sprat and herring in the southern BPr, the biomass of sprat had the strongest positive relationships with the CF of prespawning salmon, and the total prey biomass with YSFM. It is concluded that the ample but unbalanced food resources for salmon in the BPr, primarily sprat, induce M74. By reducing the fishing pressure on cod (Gadus morhua) and by more effectively managing the sprat fishery in years when the cod stock is weak, the incidence of the M74 syndrome could be reduced and even prevented.

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