Vertical migration and dispersion of sprat (Sprattus sprattus) and herring (Clupea harengus) schools at dusk in the Baltic Sea

2003 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 317-324 ◽  
Author(s):  
L Nilsson
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Vertical Migration ◽  
Clupea Harengus ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
Sprattus Sprattus ◽  
The Baltic

scholarly journals Forage fish quality: seasonal lipid dynamics of herring (Clupea harengus L.) and sprat (Sprattus sprattus L.) in the Baltic Sea

2013 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria C. Røjbek ◽  
Jonna Tomkiewicz ◽  
Charlotte Jacobsen ◽  
Josianne G. Støttrup
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Lipid Content ◽  
Clupea Harengus ◽  
Forage Fish ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
Sprattus Sprattus ◽  
Fish Size ◽  
Lipid Dynamics ◽  
The Baltic

Abstract Røjbek, M. C., Tomkiewicz, J., Jacobsen, C., and Støttrup, J. G. Forage fish quality: seasonal lipid dynamics of herring (Clupea harengus L.) and sprat (Sprattus sprattus L.) in the Baltic Sea. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 71: . This study investigates lipid content and fatty acid composition of two important forage fish, sprat (Sprattus sprattus) and herring (Clupea harengus) in the Baltic Sea ecosystem. Seasonal variation in lipids was studied during three periods following the annual reproductive cycle considering potential differences relating to fish size, sex, and reproductive status. The isopod Saduria entomon, being at times an important prey for predatory fish, was included for comparison. In both sprat and herring, lipid content and absolute contents of essential polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) varied seasonally with high levels towards the end of the annual zooplankton production cycle, succeeded by a decline. Lipid content and fatty acid composition differed significantly between sprat and herring. Sprat lipid content was higher than herring, increasing with fish size and characterized by large proportions of monounsaturated fatty acids. Herring lipid content was related to the reproductive cycle and proportions of PUFAs were high compared with sprat. Levels of essential PUFAs were high in S. entomon compared with clupeids rendering it a valuable alternative prey species in the Baltic Sea ecosystem. The lipid dynamics of forage fish and benthos, combined with changes in availability and abundance, will affect growth and reproduction of their predators.

scholarly journals An ecosystem model of food web and fisheries interactions in the Baltic Sea

2003 ◽  
Vol 60 (5) ◽  
pp. 939-950 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris J Harvey ◽  
Sean P Cox ◽  
Timothy E Essington ◽  
Sture Hansson ◽  
James F Kitchell
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Food Web ◽  
Species Interactions ◽  
Gadus Morhua ◽  
Population Analysis ◽  
Clupea Harengus ◽  
Trophic Relationships ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
Management Actions ◽  
The Baltic

Abstract Because fisheries operate within a complex array of species interactions, scientists increasingly recommend multispecies approaches to fisheries management. We created a food web model for the Baltic Sea proper, using the Ecopath with Ecosim software, to evaluate interactions between fisheries and the food web from 1974 to 2000. The model was based largely on values generated by multispecies virtual population analysis (MSVPA). Ecosim outputs closely reproduced MSVPA biomass estimates and catch data for sprat (Sprattus sprattus), herring (Clupea harengus), and cod (Gadus morhua), but only after making adjustments to cod recruitment, to vulnerability to predation of specific species, and to foraging times. Among the necessary adjustments were divergent trophic relationships between cod and clupeids: cod exhibited top-down control on sprat biomass, but had little influence on herring. Fishing, the chief source of mortality for cod and herring, and cod reproduction, as driven by oceanographic conditions as well as unexplained variability, were also key structuring forces. The model generated many hypotheses about relationships between key biota in the Baltic Sea food web and may ultimately provide a basis for estimating community responses to management actions.

Impact of Spawning Substrate Complexity on Egg Survival of Atlantic Herring (Clupea harengus, L.) in the Baltic Sea

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 549-559 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lena von Nordheim ◽  
Paul Kotterba ◽  
Dorothee Moll ◽  
Patrick Polte
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Clupea Harengus ◽  
Atlantic Herring ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
Egg Survival ◽  
Spawning Substrate ◽  
The Baltic

Environmental genotoxicity and cytotoxicity levels in herring (Clupea harengus), flounder (Platichthys flesus) and cod (Gadus morhua) inhabiting the Gdansk Basin of the Baltic Sea

2018 ◽  
Vol 133 ◽  
pp. 65-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberta Valskienė ◽  
Janina Baršienė ◽  
Laura Butrimavičienė ◽  
Wlodzimierz Grygiel ◽  
Virmantas Stunžėnas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Gadus Morhua ◽  
Clupea Harengus ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
Platichthys Flesus ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
Environmental Genotoxicity

scholarly journals Relationships between fish stock changes in the Baltic Sea and the M74 syndrome, a reproductive disorder of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar)

2011 ◽  
Vol 68 (10) ◽  
pp. 2134-2144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaakko Mikkonen ◽  
Marja Keinänen ◽  
Michele Casini ◽  
Jukka Pönni ◽  
Pekka J. Vuorinen
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Salmo Salar ◽  
Gadus Morhua ◽  
Clupea Harengus ◽  
Fish Stock ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
Atlantic Salmon Salmo Salar ◽  
Reproductive Disorder ◽  
The Baltic

Abstract Mikkonen, J., Keinänen, M., Casini, M., Pönni, J., and Vuorinen, P. J. 2011. Relationships between fish stock changes in the Baltic Sea and the M74 syndrome, a reproductive disorder of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 68: 2134–2144. The M74 syndrome of Baltic salmon (Salmo salar), which appears as increased yolk-sac fry mortality (YSFM), impairs the reproduction of salmon stocks. Changes in the prey stocks of Baltic salmon in its two feeding areas, the southern Baltic Proper (BPr), where sprat (Sprattus sprattus) was the main prey species during the high incidence of M74, and the Bothnian Sea, where herring (Clupea harengus) is the dominant species, were analysed in relation to salmon growth and size and in relation to the incidence of M74. The high condition factor (CF > 1.05) of prespawning salmon predicted high YSFM. From the various stock factors of sprat and herring in the southern BPr, the biomass of sprat had the strongest positive relationships with the CF of prespawning salmon, and the total prey biomass with YSFM. It is concluded that the ample but unbalanced food resources for salmon in the BPr, primarily sprat, induce M74. By reducing the fishing pressure on cod (Gadus morhua) and by more effectively managing the sprat fishery in years when the cod stock is weak, the incidence of the M74 syndrome could be reduced and even prevented.

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