Heat-mortality risk and the population concentration of metropolitan areas in Japan: a nationwide time-series study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Whanhee Lee ◽  
Kristie L Ebi ◽  
Yoonhee Kim ◽  
Masahiro Hashizume ◽  
Yasushi Honda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Mortality Risk ◽  
Time Series Data ◽  
Metropolitan Areas ◽  
Population Increase ◽  
Medical Services ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Population Concentration ◽  
Series Study

Abstract Background The complex role of urbanisation in heat-mortality risk has not been fully studied. Japan has experienced a rapid population increase and densification in metropolitan areas since the 2000s; we investigated the effects of population concentration in metropolitan areas on heat-mortality risk using nationwide data. Methods We collected time-series data for mortality and weather variables for all 47 prefectures in Japan (1980–2015). The prefectures were classified into three sub-areas based on population size: lowest (<1 500 000), intermediate (1 500 000 to 3 000 000), and highest (>3 000 000; i.e. metropolitan areas). Regional indicators associated with the population concentration of metropolitan areas were obtained. Results Since the 2000s, the population concentration intensified in the metropolitan areas, with the highest heat-mortality risk in prefectures with the highest population. Higher population density and apartment % as well as lower forest area and medical services were associated with higher heat-mortality risk; these associations have generally become stronger since the 2000s. Conclusions Population concentration in metropolitan areas intensified interregional disparities in demography, living environments, and medical services in Japan; these disparities were associated with higher heat-mortality risk. Our results can contribute to policies to reduce vulnerability to high temperatures.

Impact of irrigation on pulses production in India: A time-series study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gourav Kumar Vani ◽  
Pradeep Mishra
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Production System ◽  
Time Series Data ◽  
Decomposition Analysis ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Time Series Study ◽  
Increasing Demand ◽  
Series Study

Pulses are source of protein for Indians, production of which has not kept with increasing demand of the nation. Among efforts to enhance pulses production, role of irrigation as a critical input has not been given due importance. In present investigation attempt is to find out importance and contribution of irrigation in growth of pulses production in India. The time series data on area, production, productivity and area irrigated of pulses was obtained from DES Official website. The regression analysis and linear decomposition analysis were used as tools to carry out analysis. It was found that yield and area not-irrigated effect accounts for 52 per cent of growth of pulses which is not suitable for sustainability of pulses production system. Area not-irrigated effect contribution was 13.69 percent on pulses production. This also shows that irrigation has not been able to influence the production of pulses to desired level. The area irrigated accounted for 69 percent of variation in pulses yield. The result of present investigation is helpful to researcher as well as policymaker in attaining sustainable increases in pulses production in India.

scholarly journals PENGARUH KUNJUNGAN WISATAWAN DAN RATA-RATA PENGELUARAN WISATAWAN TERHADAP PAD DAN PERTUMBUHAN EKONOMI PROVINSI BALI

2021 ◽  
pp. 511
Author(s):  
I Gede Dea Joendra Septyana Putra ◽  
Ni Luh Karmini ◽  
I Wayan Wenagama
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Time Series ◽  
Time Series Data ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Data Sources ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Local Revenue ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
Secondary Data Sources

This study aims to analyze the effect of the number of tourist visits and the average tourist expenditure on the local income of Bali Province, to analyze the effect of the number of tourist visits, average tourist expenditure, and local income on the economic growth of Bali Province, and to analyze the role of income. native areas in mediating the effect of the number of tourist visits and the average tourist expenditure on the economic growth of Bali Province. The data used in this research is secondary data, with the method of observation by observing documents or secondary data sources that are related. This study uses time series data with a total of 30 years of observations from 1990-2019, with the analysis technique used is Path Analysis. This study shows the results that the number of tourist visits and the average tourist expenditure have a positive and significant effect on local income in Bali Province. The number of tourist visits, the average tourist expenditure and local revenue have a positive and significant effect on economic growth in Bali Province. Own-source revenue mediates the effect of the number of tourist visits and the average tourist expenditure on economic growth in Bali Province.

Resource–Economic Growth Nexus, Role of Governance, Financial Development, Globalisation and War: Dynamic Approach

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sorush Niknamian
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Time Series ◽  
Financial Development ◽  
Time Series Data ◽  
Good Governance ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
The Government ◽  
Rich Countries

This study reassesses the resource–economic growth nexus by incorporating several channels. Advanced panel time series techniques are used to analyse panel time series data from 1980 to 2015 in 31 oil-rich countries. Results show that oil rent augments economic growth; thus, oil rent is conducive rather than impediment for economic growth. The role of governance in economic growth is significant in the selected countries. Oil rent exerts a positive significant impact on economic growth in countries with good governance compare to countries with poor governance. Financial development is an unimportant channel in the resource–growth nexus because FD is often unable to mobilise oil rent from the government to the private sector in oil-rich countries. Globalisation is advantageous for countries and promote economic growth. Moreover, war exerts a significant negative effect on growth in the long term.

scholarly journals Fractal Complexity of Daily Physical Activity Patterns Differs With Age Over the Life Span and Is Associated With Mortality in Older Adults

2018 ◽  
Vol 74 (9) ◽  
pp. 1461-1467 ◽  
Author(s):  
David A Raichlen ◽  
Yann C Klimentidis ◽  
Chiu-Hsieh Hsu ◽  
Gene E Alexander
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Time Series ◽  
Time Scales ◽  
Mortality Risk ◽  
Time Series Data ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Fluctuation Analysis ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Wearable Accelerometers

Abstract Background Accelerometers are included in a wide range of devices that monitor and track physical activity for health-related applications. However, the clinical utility of the information embedded in their rich time-series data has been greatly understudied and has yet to be fully realized. Here, we examine the potential for fractal complexity of actigraphy data to serve as a clinical biomarker for mortality risk. Methods We use detrended fluctuation analysis (DFA) to analyze actigraphy data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES; n = 11,694). The DFA method measures fractal complexity (signal self-affinity across time-scales) as correlations between the amplitude of signal fluctuations in time-series data across a range of time-scales. The slope, α, relating the fluctuation amplitudes to the time-scales over which they were measured describes the complexity of the signal. Results Fractal complexity of physical activity (α) decreased significantly with age (p = 1.29E−6) and was lower in women compared with men (p = 1.79E−4). Higher levels of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity in older adults and in women were associated with greater fractal complexity. In adults aged 50–79 years, lower fractal complexity of activity (α) was associated with greater mortality (hazard ratio = 0.64; 95% confidence interval = 0.49–0.82) after adjusting for age, exercise engagement, chronic diseases, and other covariates associated with mortality. Conclusions Wearable accelerometers can provide a noninvasive biomarker of physiological aging and mortality risk after adjusting for other factors strongly associated with mortality. Thus, this fractal analysis of accelerometer signals provides a novel clinical application for wearable accelerometers, advancing efforts for remote monitoring of physiological health by clinicians.

Explaining the Decline of European Social Democracy: The Role of Structural Economic Change

1995 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 495-533 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonas Pontusson
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Time Series Data ◽  
Economic Change ◽  
Social Democracy ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Large Measure ◽  
Economic Changes ◽  
Social Democratic

Using a number of different quantitative measures, this article demonstrates that variations in the degree of social democratic decline in nine European countries can be viewed in large measure as a product of two structural economic changes: (1) the shift to smaller units of production; and (2) the growth of private nonindustrial employment. The article explores several causal arguments linking these variables to social democratic decline, and it marshals Swedish and British time-series data to show that the distribution of manufacturing employment by production unit helps explain both the rise and the decline of social democracy.

scholarly journals Learning to Predict in-hospital mortality risk in intensive care unit with attention-based Temporal convolution network

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu-wen Chen ◽  
Yu-jie Li ◽  
Zhi-yong Yang ◽  
Kun-hua Zhong ◽  
Li-ge Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Mortality Risk ◽  
Time Series Data ◽  
Risk Model ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Dynamic Prediction ◽  
Physiological Variables ◽  
Prediction Of Mortality ◽  
Low Sensitivity ◽  
Mimic Iii

Abstract Background: Dynamic prediction of patients’ mortality risk in ICU with time series data is limited due to the high dimensionality, uncertainty with sampling intervals, and other issues. New deep learning method, temporal convolution network (TCN), makes it possible to deal with complex clinical time series data in ICU. We aimed to develop and validate it to predict mortality risk using time series data from MIMIC III dataset. Methods: 21139 records of ICU stays were analyzed and in total 17 physiological variables from the MIMIC III dataset were used to predict mortality risk. Then we compared the model performances of attention-based TCN with traditional artificial intelligence (AI) method. Results: Area Under Receiver Operating Characteristic (AUCROC) and Area Under Precision-Recall curve (AUC-PR) of attention-based TCN for predicting the mortality risk 48h after ICU admission were 0.837(0.824 -0.850) and 0.454. The sensitivity and specificity of attention-based TCN were 67.1% and 82.6%, compared to the traditional AI method yield low sensitivity (<50%). Conclusions: Attention-based TCN model achieved better performance in prediction of mortality risk with time series data than traditional AI methods and conventional score-based models. Attention-based TCN mortality risk model has the potential for helping decision-making in critical patients.

scholarly journals Dynamic predict in-hospital mortality risk in intensive care unit with a new deep learning of artificial intelligence

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu-wen Chen ◽  
Yu-jie Li ◽  
Zhi-yong Yang ◽  
Kun-hua Zhong ◽  
Li-ge Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Time Series ◽  
Deep Learning ◽  
Mortality Risk ◽  
Time Series Data ◽  
Risk Model ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Physiological Variables ◽  
Prediction Of Mortality ◽  
Mimic Iii

Abstract Background Dynamic prediction of patients’ mortality risk in ICU with time series data is limited due to the high dimensionality, uncertainty with sampling intervals, and other issues. New deep learning method, temporal convolution network (TCN), makes it possible to deal with complex clinical time series data in ICU. We aimed to develop and validate it to predict mortality risk using time series data from MIMIC III dataset. Methods Finally, 21139 records of ICU stays were analyzed and in total 17 physiological variables from the MIMIC III dataset were used to predict mortality risk. Then we compared the model performances of attention-based TCN with traditional artificial intelligence (AI) method. Results The Area Under Receiver Operating Characteristic (AUCROC) and Area Under Precision-Recall curve (AUC-PR) of attention-based TCN for predicting the mortality risk 48 h after ICU admission were 0.837(0.824–0.850) and 0.454. The sensitivity and specificity of attention-based TCN were 67.1% and 82.6%, compared to the traditional AI method yield low sensitivity (< 50%). Conclusions Attention-based TCN model achieved better performance in prediction of mortality risk with time series data than traditional AI methods and conventional score-based models. Attention-based TCN mortality risk model has the potential for helping decision-making in critical patients.

scholarly journals Resource–Economic Growth Nexus, Role of Governance, Financial Development, Globalisation and War: Dynamic Approach

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sorush Niknamian
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Time Series ◽  
Financial Development ◽  
Time Series Data ◽  
Good Governance ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
The Government ◽  
Rich Countries

This study reassesses the resource–economic growth nexus by incorporating several channels. Advanced panel time series techniques are used to analyse panel time series data from 1980 to 2015 in 31 oil-rich countries. Results show that oil rent augments economic growth; thus, oil rent is conducive rather than impediment for economic growth. The role of governance in economic growth is significant in the selected countries. Oil rent exerts a positive significant impact on economic growth in countries with good governance compare to countries with poor governance. Financial development is an unimportant channel in the resource–growth nexus because FD is often unable to mobilise oil rent from the government to the private sector in oil-rich countries. Globalisation is advantageous for countries and promote economic growth. Moreover, war exerts a significant negative effect on growth in the long term.

scholarly journals Exploring the physiologic role of human gastroesophageal reflux by analyzing time-series data from 24-h gastric and esophageal pH recordings

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (7) ◽  
pp. e12051 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luo Lu ◽  
John C. Mu ◽  
Sheldon Sloan ◽  
Philip B. Miner ◽  
Jerry D. Gardner
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Gastroesophageal Reflux ◽  
Time Series Data ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Esophageal Ph ◽  
Physiologic Role

scholarly journals The Influence Of Small Micro Industries On Economic Growth

JEJAK ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 318-326
Author(s):  
Rohadin Rohadin ◽  
Yanah Yanah
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Time Series ◽  
Financial Institutions ◽  
Time Series Data ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Growth Data ◽  
Capital Access ◽  
The Government ◽  
Analyze Data

The purpose of this study to determine whether SMEs have a role to economic growth and how big the role of SMEs to economic growth in Indonesia. Types of data used are time series data i.e SMEs data and Economic growth data from year 2003 until 2018 in Indonesia.Tool of analyze data used in this research is multiple linear regression. The result of analysis shows that the influence between of SMEs on economic growth in Indonesia is only 12,5%, it means that Small Micro Entreprises do not have a significant influence on economic growth in Indonesia, government to accelerate the development of SMEs in Indonesia in order to contribute to economic growth as in the economic crisis that occurred in 1998 SMEs are able to survive when many large companies are bankrupt. This may be caused by SMEs owners and workers in SMEs do not pay taxes to the government so that not much contribute to the economic growth of the Indonesia. In order for SMEs to contribute to economic growth, must export their products to other countries and support from the government is needed to facilitate SMEs in obtaining capital access from financial institutions.

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