Identification of Frozen, Cooked Shellfish Species by Agarose Isoelectric Focusing

1983 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 118-122
Author(s):  
Kate Wiggin ◽  
Judith Krzynowek
Keyword(s):  
Isoelectric Focusing ◽  
Official Method ◽  
Modified Method ◽  
Aoac Method ◽  
Aoac Official ◽  
Gel Preparation ◽  
Cooked Meats ◽  
Aoac Official Method

Abstract A modification of the AOAC official method for generic identification of cooked and frozen crabmeat was investigated in an experiment in which the cooked meats of a variety of shellfish were identified. The modification, substituting agarose for polyacrylamide as the gel medium, has many advantages over the official method, including ease of gel preparation, nontoxic reagents, and rapid focusing. Results indicate that the modified method is easier to use and that identifications of cooked shellfish species can be made as readily as with the current AOAC method.

Adaptation of the AOAC Fluorine Method for Determining Fluoride in Fish Protein Concentrate

1970 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-6
Author(s):  
R. Bruce Klemm ◽  
Mary E. Ambrose Klemm
Keyword(s):  
Steam Distillation ◽  
Silica Sand ◽  
Official Method ◽  
Protein Concentrate ◽  
Fish Protein ◽  
Direct Titration ◽  
Modified Method ◽  
Aoac Official ◽  
Aoac Official Method

Abstract The AOAC official method, 24.029–24.035, for the determination of fluorine in foods was modified slightly to o btain quantitative recoveries of fluorine from samples of fish protein concentrate (FPC). The most important alterations include the use of steam distillation, the addition of finely ground silica sand in the distillation, a decrease in the distillation temperature, and the utilization of direct titration. Recoveries of fluoride added to FPC before ashing, using this modified method, averaged 96.0 ± 3.0%. Our results are in agreement with those of several other analysts who used a variety of methods.

Allyl Isothiocyanate in Mustard Seed

1970 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald L Andersen
Keyword(s):  
Allyl Isothiocyanate ◽  
Mustard Seed ◽  
Official Method ◽  
Average Recovery ◽  
Aoac Method ◽  
Aoac Official ◽  
Mustard Seeds ◽  
Column Preparation ◽  
Aoac Official Method

Abstract A new GLC method for the determination of allyl isothiocyanate in mustard seed was compared to a method of the Midwest Research Institute and to a combination of the AOAC official method and the proposed method. Twelve collaborators compared the AOAC method and the GLC method, using whole mustard seeds. Each collaborator assayed three seed portions by both methods. The range, standard deviation, and coefficient of variation are less for each seed portion by the proposed than by the official method. The average recovery value of allyl isothiocyanate in the prepared standard solutions is lower, using the proposed GLC procedure, but seed assay values are significantly and consistently higher for each seed portion when compared with the results for the AOAC method. Reports from the collaborators also indicate that the proposed method is rugged, as the GLC column preparation was subjected to many changes. It is recommended that the GLC method be adopted as official first action.

scholarly journals Comparative Validation Study to Demonstrate the Equivalence of a Minor Modification to AOAC Method 997.03 [Visual Immunoprecipitate (VIP®) for Listeria] to the Reference Culture Methods

2008 ◽  
Vol 91 (2) ◽  
pp. 365-369 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip T Feldsine ◽  
David E Kerr ◽  
George S Shen ◽  
Andrew H Lienau
Keyword(s):  
Official Method ◽  
Comparison Study ◽  
Culture Methods ◽  
Environmental Surfaces ◽  
Environmental Surface ◽  
Aoac Method ◽  
Aoac Official ◽  
A Minor ◽  
Comparative Validation ◽  
Aoac Official Method

Abstract The Visual Immunoprecipitate (VIP®) for the Detection of Listeria in Foods and Environmental Surfaces, AOAC Official Method 997.03, has been modified to use a simplified housing for the device. A methods comparison study was conducted to demonstrate the equivalence of this modification to the reference culture methods. Two food matrixes and one environmental surface were analyzed. In total, valid results were obtained from 145 samples and controls. Results showed that the modified VIP for Listeria spp. is equivalent to the reference culture methods for the detection of Listeria.

scholarly journals Determination of Total Dietary Fiber in Selected Foods Containing Resistant Maltodextrin by a Simplified Enzymatic-Gravimetric Method and Liquid Chromatography: Interlaboratory Study in China

2008 ◽  
Vol 91 (3) ◽  
pp. 614-621 ◽  
Author(s):  
Boqiang Fu ◽  
Jing Wang ◽  
Jean Michel Roturier ◽  
Zhiyu Tang ◽  
Huan Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Fiber ◽  
Interlaboratory Study ◽  
National Standard ◽  
Official Method ◽  
Total Dietary Fiber ◽  
Modified Method ◽  
Resistant Maltodextrin ◽  
Aoac Official ◽  
Aoac Official Method

Abstract An interlaboratory study was conducted in China to validate the modified AOAC Official Method 2001.03 for the determination of total dietary fiber (TDF) in foods containing resistant maltodextrin (RMD), which will be adopted as the National Standard Method of China. The kind of buffer solution, the volume of filtrate evaporation, the volume of eluent for desalting and residual solution after evaporation, etc. were modified, which had been proved to have acceptable accuracy and precision in the routine assay. TDF contents in 3 representative foods and 2 kinds of RMD ingredient (i.e., NUTRIOSE 06 and NUTRIOSE 10) were measured using the modified method in 6 eligible laboratories representing commercial, industrial, and governmental laboratories in China. The results of the interlaboratory study indicated that the intralaboratory repeatability, interlaboratory reproducibility, and precision of the modified method are adequate for reliable analysis of TDF in food containing RMD, as well as resistant dextrin. Compared to AOAC Official Method 2001.03, the modified method is time- and cost-saving.

Modification and Single-Laboratory Validation of AOAC Official Method 977.13 for Histamine in Seafood to Improve Sample Throughput

2015 ◽  
Vol 98 (3) ◽  
pp. 622-627 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristin Bjornsdottir-Butler ◽  
F. Aladar Bencsath ◽  
Ronald A. Benner, Jr
Keyword(s):  
Original Method ◽  
Official Method ◽  
Fluorometric Method ◽  
Method Performance ◽  
Modified Method ◽  
Sample Throughput ◽  
Assay Time ◽  
Aoac Official ◽  
Single Laboratory ◽  
Aoac Official Method

Histamine is the main causative agent in scombrotoxin fish poisoning, the most frequently reported illness related to fish consumption. The AOAC official method for histamine determination in fish is the fluorometric method AOAC 977.13, which is sensitive and reproducible but somewhat labor intensive and time consuming. We investigated multiple modifications to this method in an attempt to reduce assay time and increase sample throughput while maintaining the performance of the original method. Some of the attempted modifications negatively affected the performance characteristics of the method. However, omitting the heating step during extraction and replacing the cuvette style fluorometer with a microplate reader retained method performance while increasing sample throughput. Therefore, we adopted these modifications and conducted a single-laboratory validation. The recovery, precision (RSD), and LOD of the modified method assessed by the single-laboratory validation ranged from 92 to 105%, 1 to 3%, and 0.2 to 0.5 ppm, respectively, in tuna, mahi-mahi, and Spanish mackerel samples. We conclude that the AOAC 977.13 fluorometric method, modified as described, will improve assay time and sample throughput efficiency cumulatively, as the number of sample units analyzed increases. We anticipate that this modified method could be used by regulatory agencies and other laboratories following successful multilaboratory validation.

scholarly journals Comparative Validation Study to Demonstrate the Equivalence of a Minor Modification to AOAC Method 999.09 Visual Immunoprecipitate (VIP®) for Salmonella Method to the Reference Culture Method

2009 ◽  
Vol 92 (5) ◽  
pp. 1426-1431 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip T Feldsine ◽  
David E Kerr ◽  
George Shen ◽  
Andrew H Lienau
Keyword(s):  
Culture Method ◽  
Official Method ◽  
Comparison Study ◽  
Culture Methods ◽  
Aoac Method ◽  
Aoac Official ◽  
A Minor ◽  
And Control ◽  
Comparative Validation ◽  
Aoac Official Method

Abstract The Visual Immunoprecipitate (VIP®) for the Detection of Salmonella in Foods, AOAC Official Method 999.09, has been modified to change the color of the test and control lines of the device. A methods comparison study was conducted to demonstrate the equivalence of this modification to the reference culture method. Three foods were analyzed. In total, there were valid results from 155 samples and controls. Results showed that the modified VIP Gold® for Salmonella is equivalent to the reference culture methods for the detection of Salmonella.

scholarly journals Single-Laboratory Validation of AOAC Official Method 2011.10 for Vitamin B12 in ‘Indian’ Infant and Pediatric Formulas and Adult Nutritionals

2020 ◽  
Vol 103 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-8
Author(s):  
Priti N Amritkar ◽  
Laxman Gujar ◽  
Ashutosh Kumar Mittal ◽  
Anand Sheshadri ◽  
Rajesh Girdhar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin B12 ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Official Method ◽  
Relative Standard ◽  
Aoac Method ◽  
Aoac Official ◽  
Indian Infant ◽  
Single Laboratory ◽  
Aoac Official Method

Abstract Background: Ensuring the quality of infant and pediatric formulas and adult nutritionals is of utmost importance for the health and safety of rapidly urbanizing Indian population. B12 is an important water-soluble vitamin, which is fortified externally in such nutritional formulations. The Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) has a recommended microbiological assay–based method for determination of vitamin B12 that is not precise and accurate enough to meet the label claim requirements of infant, adult, and/or pediatric nutritionals. The AOAC Official Method 2011.10 was originally developed under the AOAC Stakeholder Panel on Infant Formula and Adult Nutritionals (SPIFAN) for the determination of vitamin B12 in infant and pediatric formulas and adult nutritionals. However, those SPIFAN matrixes did not contain malt and other indigenous cereal and legume flour (with or without cocoa powder), which are commonly found in Indian formulations. Thus, there is a need to replace this method with a more precise and accurate method. Objective: This study was undertaken to validate the AOAC Official Method 2011.10 on vitamin B12 in ‘Indian’ infant and pediatric formulas and adult nutritionals. Methods: The single-laboratory validation (SLV) of AOAC Method 2011.10 was carried out as per the AOAC Guidelines in six Indian pediatric and adult nutritional formulas to verify its fitness for purpose. Cobalamin in the sample was converted to cyanocobalamin on treatment with potassium cyanide. The sample was then subjected to clean up through a C18 cartridge. Vitamin B12 in the eluted extract was separated from other components using size-exclusion column chromatography followed by a C18 column. The HPLC analysis was carried out at 550 nm. Results: Diastase treatment and C18 solid-phase extraction cleanup satisfactorily removed the matrix interference. The relative standard deviation of the determined values in 30 samples each from 6 selected Indian products and NIST SRM 1849a was <20%. The average recoveries for the spiked recovery samples ranged from 91.75 to 101.14%. Conclusions: Method 2011.10 met the standard method performance requirements set forth by the AOAC SPIFAN. Therefore, we recommend the Method 2011.10 for adoption as the BIS official method for the analysis of vitamin B12 in ‘Indian’ infant and pediatric formulas and adult nutritionals. Highlights: This was the first SLV project that the AOAC India section undertook to extend the scope of the AOAC Method 2011.10 for vitamin B12 analysis by validating it in ‘Indian’ infant and pediatric formulas and adult nutritionals.

scholarly journals Comparative Validation Study to Demonstrate the Equivalence of a Minor Modification to AOAC Method 996.09 [Visual Immunoprecipitate (VIP®) for E. coli O157:H7] to the Reference Culture Methods

2008 ◽  
Vol 91 (2) ◽  
pp. 360-364
Author(s):  
Philip T Feldsine ◽  
David E Kerr ◽  
George S Shen ◽  
Andrew H Lienau
Keyword(s):  
Culture Method ◽  
Official Method ◽  
Comparison Study ◽  
Culture Methods ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Aoac Method ◽  
Aoac Official ◽  
A Minor ◽  
Comparative Validation ◽  
Aoac Official Method

Abstract The Visual Immunoprecipitate (VIP®)for the Detection of E. coli O157:H7 in Foods, AOAC Official Method 996.09, has been modified to use a simplified plastic housing for the device. A methods comparison study was conducted to demonstrate the equivalence of this modification to the reference culture method. Three foods were analyzed. In total, valid results were obtained from 240 samples and controls. Results showed that the VIP for E. coli O157:H7 is equivalent to the reference culture methods for the detection of E. coli O157:H7.

scholarly journals Determination ofβ-Galactooligosaccharides by Liquid Chromatography

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sean Austin ◽  
Thierry Bénet ◽  
Julien Michaud ◽  
Denis Cuany ◽  
Philippe Rohfritsch
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Measurement Uncertainty ◽  
Infant Formula ◽  
New Method ◽  
Official Method ◽  
Infant Formulae ◽  
Aoac Method ◽  
Aoac Official ◽  
Measurement Uncertainties ◽  
Aoac Official Method

Beta-galactooligosaccharides (GOS) are oligosaccharides normally produced industrially by transgalactosylation of lactose. They are also present naturally in the milk of many animals including humans and cows. GOS are thought to be good for health, being potential prebiotic fibres, and are increasingly added to food products. In order to control the GOS content of products, the AOAC official method 2001.02 was developed. However, the method has some shortcomings and in particular is unsuited to the analysis of products containing high levels of lactose such as infant formula. To overcome this problem, we developed a new method for application to infant formula and tested it on various GOS ingredients as well as infant formulae. When applied to GOS ingredients the results of the new method compare well with those of the official AOAC method, typically giving results in the range 90–110% of those of the official method and having an expanded measurement uncertainty of less than 15%. For three products, the results were outside this range (recoveries of 80–120% and expended measurement uncertainties up to 20%). When applied to the analysis of infant formula, recoveries were in the range of 92–102% and the expanded measurement uncertainties were between 4.2 and 11%.

scholarly journals Improvement in the Reliability of AOAC Official Method 2012.15 for Iodine

2019 ◽  
Vol 102 (2) ◽  
pp. 673-676
Author(s):  
Naoto Hieda ◽  
Yoshihiro Ikeuchi ◽  
Ichirou Matsuno
Keyword(s):  
Infant Formula ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Official Method ◽  
Infant Formulas ◽  
Final Test ◽  
Intermediate Precision ◽  
Modified Method ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Aoac Official ◽  
Aoac Official Method

Abstract Background: Reliable measurements of iodine are essential for ensuring the qualityof infant formula. The AOAC Official Method 2012.15 for iodine tends to produce higher results in the presence of carbon remaining in the final test solution after digestion with alkaline dissolution. This is partly because of the lack of countermeasures for signal enhancement induced by coexisting carbon in Method 2012.15. Objective: To obtain more reliable values for infant formulas, we undertook an experiment. Methods: We modified the protocol by addingcarbon in the form of methanol to both the standardsolutions and the final test solutions. Comparisonsof the enhancement factor for iodine-127 were usedto find the optimized concentration of methanol from0–10%. Results: Optimization of the additional carbon showed that a 5% methanol minimum was necessary for a constant ratio of iodine. The results exhibited good linearity (coefficient of determination >0.999), and the LOQ was 0.19 μg/100 g for the reconstituted final product with a methanol concentration of 5%. The intermediate precision RSD was <3.76%, and the recovery factor was 97.5–104.2% for infant formula distributed in several countries and a special formula distributed in Japan. Conclusions: This demonstrates that 5% methanol, when addedto standard and final solutions, acts as an effective matrix matching agent. Highlights: This modified method produces more accurate iodine quantification in infant formulas and special formulas in which there is incomplete digestion of the matrix.

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