scholarly journals Production and Use of BCR Reference Materials for Quality Assurance in Environmental Analysis: An Update

2001 ◽  
Vol 84 (6) ◽  
pp. 1786-1792 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philippe Quevauviller

Abstract Reference materials represent an invaluable tool for analytical quality control. Certified Reference Materials (CRMs) are used for the validation of methods, whereas various types of (uncertified) Reference Materials (RMs) are used for routine quality control (establishment of control charts) and interlaboratory testing (e.g., proficiency testing). This paper provides background information on the production and use of environmental RMs and describes recent CRMs produced by the BCR (European Commission) for quality assurance in environmental analysis.

2014 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen J. Piercey

Quality assurance and quality control (QA/QC) are critical components of modern analytical geochemistry.  A properly constructed QA/QC program identifies both the source of analytical error and provides a means of establishing confidence in and assessing limitations of analytical data. A QA/QC program involves monitoring precision, accuracy, and potential contamination from sampling to analysis.  Precision can be monitored via the systematic insertion of sample, pulp, and analytical duplicates, and reference materials; the resulting data are subsequently evaluated using scatterplots, statistical tests (e.g. % relative standard deviation), Thompson-Howarth plots, and the average coefficient of variation (CVavg (%)).  Accuracy is determined through the submission of reference materials and monitored using statistical tests (e.g. % relative difference, t-test) and Shewart control charts.   Blanks test contamination and results are monitored using Shewart control charts.SOMMAIREL'assurance de la qualité et le contrôle de la qualité (AQ-CQ) sont deux composantes essentielles à la géochimie analytique moderne.  Un programme AQ-CQ bien conçu défini à la fois la source de l'erreur d'analyse et un moyen d'établir la confiance et d’évaluer les limites des données analytiques.  Un programme AQ-CQ comprend le contrôle de la précision, de l'exactitude et de la contamination potentielle, de l'étape d’échantillonnage à l'analyse.  La précision peut être contrôlée via l'insertion systématique d'échantillon, de pulpes, et de doublons d'analyse, et de matériaux de référence; les données obtenues sont ensuite évaluées en utilisant des diagrammes de dispersion, des tests statistiques (pourcentage d’écart type relatif, par ex.), des courbes de Thompson-Howarth, et des  coefficients de variation moyens (CVm %).  La précision est déterminée par la soumission de documents de référence et de contrôle par des tests statistiques (différence relative en %, t-test, par ex.) et des graphiques de contrôle de Shewhart.  La contamination d’essais à blanc et les résultats sont contrôlés par des graphiques de contrôle Shewhart.


1986 ◽  
Vol 18 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 35-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. J. Gardner ◽  
D T. E. Hunt ◽  
G. Topping

It is widely recognised that, unless special steps are taken, analytical results from a group of laboratories engaged in a monitoring programme are likely to be of poor comparability. This in turn can prejudice the conclusions drawn from the results of monitoring. On the basis of previous studies, the problem is known to be particularly acute for measurements of trace metals in saline waters. Recognising the difficulty, the Marine Pollution Monitoring Management Group (MPMMG) and the Water Research centre (WRc) have organised a programme of Analytical Quality Control (AQC). This has the objective of ensuring that analytical results for filterable cadmium and mercury in saline waters, obtained by water industry and other relevant laboratories, are of adequate accuracy and comparability for their intended uses. WRc is to coordinate a series of tests, some involving distributions of standards and samples, which the participating laboratories undertake; this series of tests, the background to the approach and some of the results obtained to date are described here.


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