scholarly journals Isolation of Light Filth from Ground Oregano and Ground Marjoram: A Modification Using Isopropanol as a Defatting Agent: In-House Study

2002 ◽  
Vol 85 (3) ◽  
pp. 676-681
Author(s):  
Mark Wheeler Wheeler ◽  
Barbara Bennett ◽  
Harry Marks
Keyword(s):  
Official Method ◽  
Modified Method ◽  
Financial Benefits ◽  
Aoac Official ◽  
Procedural Modification ◽  
Aoac Official Method

Abstract A procedural modification of the AOAC Official Method for extracting light filth from ground oregano and ground marjoram was tested in an intralaboratory study. The modified method specifies isopropanol defatting, 975.49A(a), rather than chloroform–isopropanol defatting, 975.49A(b), followed by direct flotation as directed in AOAC Official Method, 975.49B(b). The modified method provided comparable results in less time while also providing safety, health, and financial benefits.

Adaptation of the AOAC Fluorine Method for Determining Fluoride in Fish Protein Concentrate

1970 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-6
Author(s):  
R. Bruce Klemm ◽  
Mary E. Ambrose Klemm
Keyword(s):  
Steam Distillation ◽  
Silica Sand ◽  
Official Method ◽  
Protein Concentrate ◽  
Fish Protein ◽  
Direct Titration ◽  
Modified Method ◽  
Aoac Official ◽  
Aoac Official Method

Abstract The AOAC official method, 24.029–24.035, for the determination of fluorine in foods was modified slightly to o btain quantitative recoveries of fluorine from samples of fish protein concentrate (FPC). The most important alterations include the use of steam distillation, the addition of finely ground silica sand in the distillation, a decrease in the distillation temperature, and the utilization of direct titration. Recoveries of fluoride added to FPC before ashing, using this modified method, averaged 96.0 ± 3.0%. Our results are in agreement with those of several other analysts who used a variety of methods.

scholarly journals Determination of Total Dietary Fiber in Selected Foods Containing Resistant Maltodextrin by a Simplified Enzymatic-Gravimetric Method and Liquid Chromatography: Interlaboratory Study in China

2008 ◽  
Vol 91 (3) ◽  
pp. 614-621 ◽  
Author(s):  
Boqiang Fu ◽  
Jing Wang ◽  
Jean Michel Roturier ◽  
Zhiyu Tang ◽  
Huan Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Fiber ◽  
Interlaboratory Study ◽  
National Standard ◽  
Official Method ◽  
Total Dietary Fiber ◽  
Modified Method ◽  
Resistant Maltodextrin ◽  
Aoac Official ◽  
Aoac Official Method

Abstract An interlaboratory study was conducted in China to validate the modified AOAC Official Method 2001.03 for the determination of total dietary fiber (TDF) in foods containing resistant maltodextrin (RMD), which will be adopted as the National Standard Method of China. The kind of buffer solution, the volume of filtrate evaporation, the volume of eluent for desalting and residual solution after evaporation, etc. were modified, which had been proved to have acceptable accuracy and precision in the routine assay. TDF contents in 3 representative foods and 2 kinds of RMD ingredient (i.e., NUTRIOSE 06 and NUTRIOSE 10) were measured using the modified method in 6 eligible laboratories representing commercial, industrial, and governmental laboratories in China. The results of the interlaboratory study indicated that the intralaboratory repeatability, interlaboratory reproducibility, and precision of the modified method are adequate for reliable analysis of TDF in food containing RMD, as well as resistant dextrin. Compared to AOAC Official Method 2001.03, the modified method is time- and cost-saving.

Identification of Frozen, Cooked Shellfish Species by Agarose Isoelectric Focusing

1983 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 118-122
Author(s):  
Kate Wiggin ◽  
Judith Krzynowek
Keyword(s):  
Isoelectric Focusing ◽  
Official Method ◽  
Modified Method ◽  
Aoac Method ◽  
Aoac Official ◽  
Gel Preparation ◽  
Cooked Meats ◽  
Aoac Official Method

Abstract A modification of the AOAC official method for generic identification of cooked and frozen crabmeat was investigated in an experiment in which the cooked meats of a variety of shellfish were identified. The modification, substituting agarose for polyacrylamide as the gel medium, has many advantages over the official method, including ease of gel preparation, nontoxic reagents, and rapid focusing. Results indicate that the modified method is easier to use and that identifications of cooked shellfish species can be made as readily as with the current AOAC method.

Modification and Single-Laboratory Validation of AOAC Official Method 977.13 for Histamine in Seafood to Improve Sample Throughput

2015 ◽  
Vol 98 (3) ◽  
pp. 622-627 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristin Bjornsdottir-Butler ◽  
F. Aladar Bencsath ◽  
Ronald A. Benner, Jr
Keyword(s):  
Original Method ◽  
Official Method ◽  
Fluorometric Method ◽  
Method Performance ◽  
Modified Method ◽  
Sample Throughput ◽  
Assay Time ◽  
Aoac Official ◽  
Single Laboratory ◽  
Aoac Official Method

Histamine is the main causative agent in scombrotoxin fish poisoning, the most frequently reported illness related to fish consumption. The AOAC official method for histamine determination in fish is the fluorometric method AOAC 977.13, which is sensitive and reproducible but somewhat labor intensive and time consuming. We investigated multiple modifications to this method in an attempt to reduce assay time and increase sample throughput while maintaining the performance of the original method. Some of the attempted modifications negatively affected the performance characteristics of the method. However, omitting the heating step during extraction and replacing the cuvette style fluorometer with a microplate reader retained method performance while increasing sample throughput. Therefore, we adopted these modifications and conducted a single-laboratory validation. The recovery, precision (RSD), and LOD of the modified method assessed by the single-laboratory validation ranged from 92 to 105%, 1 to 3%, and 0.2 to 0.5 ppm, respectively, in tuna, mahi-mahi, and Spanish mackerel samples. We conclude that the AOAC 977.13 fluorometric method, modified as described, will improve assay time and sample throughput efficiency cumulatively, as the number of sample units analyzed increases. We anticipate that this modified method could be used by regulatory agencies and other laboratories following successful multilaboratory validation.

scholarly journals Improvement in the Reliability of AOAC Official Method 2012.15 for Iodine

2019 ◽  
Vol 102 (2) ◽  
pp. 673-676
Author(s):  
Naoto Hieda ◽  
Yoshihiro Ikeuchi ◽  
Ichirou Matsuno
Keyword(s):  
Infant Formula ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Official Method ◽  
Infant Formulas ◽  
Final Test ◽  
Intermediate Precision ◽  
Modified Method ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Aoac Official ◽  
Aoac Official Method

Abstract Background: Reliable measurements of iodine are essential for ensuring the qualityof infant formula. The AOAC Official Method 2012.15 for iodine tends to produce higher results in the presence of carbon remaining in the final test solution after digestion with alkaline dissolution. This is partly because of the lack of countermeasures for signal enhancement induced by coexisting carbon in Method 2012.15. Objective: To obtain more reliable values for infant formulas, we undertook an experiment. Methods: We modified the protocol by addingcarbon in the form of methanol to both the standardsolutions and the final test solutions. Comparisonsof the enhancement factor for iodine-127 were usedto find the optimized concentration of methanol from0–10%. Results: Optimization of the additional carbon showed that a 5% methanol minimum was necessary for a constant ratio of iodine. The results exhibited good linearity (coefficient of determination >0.999), and the LOQ was 0.19 μg/100 g for the reconstituted final product with a methanol concentration of 5%. The intermediate precision RSD was <3.76%, and the recovery factor was 97.5–104.2% for infant formula distributed in several countries and a special formula distributed in Japan. Conclusions: This demonstrates that 5% methanol, when addedto standard and final solutions, acts as an effective matrix matching agent. Highlights: This modified method produces more accurate iodine quantification in infant formulas and special formulas in which there is incomplete digestion of the matrix.

scholarly journals Akumulasi dan Depurasi Toksin PSP (Paralytic Shellfish Poisoning) oleh Kerang Hijau (Accumulation and Depuration of PSP Toxin (Paralytic Shellfish Poisoning) by Green Mussels)

2014 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 27
Author(s):  
Haryoto Kusnoputranto ◽  
Setyo S Moersidik ◽  
Djarot S Wisnubroto ◽  
Murdahayu Makmur
Keyword(s):  
Paralytic Shellfish Poisoning ◽  
Perna Viridis ◽  
Official Method ◽  
Shellfish Poisoning ◽  
Toxin Concentration ◽  
Green Mussel ◽  
Mussel Farming ◽  
Paralytic Shellfish ◽  
Aoac Official ◽  
Aoac Official Method

Ledakan mikroalga sering dilaporkan terjadi di Teluk Jakarta, dimana di lokasi tersebut juga terdapat kegiatan budidaya kerang hijau (Perna viridis). Terkait dengan hal tersebut maka dilakukan studi akumulasi dan depurasi toksin PSP (Paralytic Shellfish Poisoning) pada kerang hijau. Studi akumulasi dilakukan di bagan kerang hijau perairan Cilincing Jakarta Utara, dengan memisahkan kerang hijau yang berukuran sama dan ditempatkan kembali ke bagan. Sampling dilakukan setiap minggu selama 2 bulan dan diukur juga kelimpahan fitoplankton, pH, suhu dan salinitas perairan. Depurasi dilakukan di Unit Depurasi Kekerangan KKP Panimbang Banten, yang dilakukan selama 24 jam. Pencuplikan  sampel dilakukan setiap jam pada 4 jam pertama dan setiap 2 dan 3 jam pada waktu berikutnya. Penentuan konsentrasi toksin PSP dilakukan dengan menggunakan HPLC detektor fluoresensi. Prosedur preparasi, ekstraksi dan pengukuran konsentrasi toksin mengikuti Manual AOAC Official Method 2005.06 untuk toksin PSP dalam kekerangan. Akumulasi toksin PSP oleh kerang hijau di perairan Cilincing pada bulan Januari–Pebruari 2011 berkisar antara 4,11–11,96 µg STX eq. per 100 g dan tidak mempunyai korelasi dengan kelimpahan Dinoflagelata di perairan. Hal ini disebabkan uji akumulasi tidak dilakukan pada saat blooming mikroalga. Uji depurasi selama 24 jam mengeliminasi toksin PSP sebesar 60%, sehingga bisa diajukan sebagai sistem pemutus rantai toksin dari mikroalga ke manusia. Kata kunci: akumulasi, depurasi, PSP toksin, kerang hijau, Cilincing Microalgae blooms have been frequently reported in the Jakarta Bay, which is also the location of green mussel (Perna viridis) aquaculture. Accumulation and depuration of Paralytic Shellfish Poisoning (PSP) toxin in the green mussels were investigated in the field, where the toxin accumulation studies conducted in the mussel farming at Cilincing, North Jakarta. Accumulation test carried out by placing back the selected green mussel (equal size) into the mussel farming. Every week for 2 months, the green mussel were collected from mussel farming and transported to the laboratory. The fitoplankton abundance also was checked including pH, Suhue and salinitiy paramaters. Toxin depuration was conducted at Clams Sanitation Unit at Panimbang Banten. The depuration studies were conducted for 24 hours with sampling every hour in the first 4 hours and every 3 and 2 hours until the 24th hour. Preparation, extraction and toxin concentration measurements performed by following the Manual AOAC Official Method 2005.06 for PSP toxin in oyster. This research concluded that the accumulation of PSP toxin by green mussel, Perna viridis in the mussel farming at Cilincing, North Jakarta in ranged between 4,11–11,96 µg STX eq. per 100 g during January–February 2011. No correlation between PSP toxin concentration in the green mussel, Perna viridis with abundance of the PSP toxin sources phytoplankton, because the study wasnt done when microalgae blooming. The depuration processes was eliminate 60% the PSP toxins for 24 hours depuration processing. It can be proposes as a banded system the PSP toxin from algae to human being. Keywords: accumulation, depuration, PSP toxin, green mussel, Cilincing

Allyl Isothiocyanate in Mustard Seed

1970 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald L Andersen
Keyword(s):  
Allyl Isothiocyanate ◽  
Mustard Seed ◽  
Official Method ◽  
Average Recovery ◽  
Aoac Method ◽  
Aoac Official ◽  
Mustard Seeds ◽  
Column Preparation ◽  
Aoac Official Method

Abstract A new GLC method for the determination of allyl isothiocyanate in mustard seed was compared to a method of the Midwest Research Institute and to a combination of the AOAC official method and the proposed method. Twelve collaborators compared the AOAC method and the GLC method, using whole mustard seeds. Each collaborator assayed three seed portions by both methods. The range, standard deviation, and coefficient of variation are less for each seed portion by the proposed than by the official method. The average recovery value of allyl isothiocyanate in the prepared standard solutions is lower, using the proposed GLC procedure, but seed assay values are significantly and consistently higher for each seed portion when compared with the results for the AOAC method. Reports from the collaborators also indicate that the proposed method is rugged, as the GLC column preparation was subjected to many changes. It is recommended that the GLC method be adopted as official first action.

scholarly journals Determination of Fish Flesh Content in Frozen Coated Fish Products (Modification of AOAC Official Method 971.13): Collaborative Study

1997 ◽  
Vol 80 (6) ◽  
pp. 1235-1271 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jane E Fox Dobson ◽  
Foster D McClure ◽  
Alvin P Rainosek ◽  
K Dashiell ◽  
J Fox Dobson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Collaborative Study ◽  
Processing System ◽  
Test Sample ◽  
Official Method ◽  
Fish Products ◽  
Fish Flesh ◽  
Aoac Official ◽  
Fully Cooked ◽  
Aoac Official Method

Abstract An intralaboratory1collaborative study evaluated a modified version of AOAC Official Method 971.13 for determining the fish flesh content (FFC) in frozen coated fish products by comparing it with the on-line method. Eleven collaborators analyzed 36 products (a total of 6336 test samples). Each product targeted one of 4 percent fish flesh (PFF) levels (35,50,65, and 80). Products were manufactured from one of 3 raw materials (fillet blocks, minced blocks, and natural fillets) and processed in one of 4 forms (sticks, portions, formed portions, and fillets) and one of 4 styles (raw breaded, batter-dipped, precooked, and fully cooked). Each “official” test sample was tracked through the processing system and weighed (1) before battering and/or breading and, depending on product style, before frying; and (2) after battering and/or breading and, depending on product style, after frying; so that it served as its own control.

scholarly journals Comparison of Babcock and Ether Extraction Methods for Determination of Fat Content of Cream: Collaborative Study

1996 ◽  
Vol 79 (4) ◽  
pp. 907-916 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna M Lynch ◽  
David M Barbano ◽  
J Richard Fleming
Keyword(s):  
Extraction Method ◽  
Collaborative Study ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Official Method ◽  
Ether Extraction ◽  
Aoac Official ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Aoac Official Method

Abstract A modified Mojonnier ether extraction method for determination of the fat content of cream was developed based on the method for milk (AOAC Official Method 989.05). The cream Babcock method (AOAC Official Method 920.111 B-C) was modified to harmonize with the milk Babcock method (AOAC Official Method 989.04) and to clarify procedural details. Using the AOAC collaborative study format, 10 laboratories tested 9 pairs of blind duplicate heat-treated cream samples with a fat range of 30-45% using both methods. The statistical performance (invalid and outlier data removed) was as follows: mean % fat = 37.932, sr = 0.125, sR = 0.151, RSDr = 0.330, RSDR = 0.398, r = 0.354, and R = 0.427 for the ether extraction method. For the Babcock method, mean % fat = 38.209, sr = 0.209, SR = 0.272, RSDr = 0.548, RSDR = 0.712, r = 0.592, and R = 0.769. Average test results for fat from the Babcock method were 0.277% (absolute fat) greater than for the Mojonnier ether extraction method. The difference between methods, as a percentage of the average fat content of the samples, was 0.73%. This agrees with differences observed between the 2 methods for milk when 10 to 17 laboratories tested 7 milk samples in blind duplicate at bimonthly intervals over a 4-year period (average difference 0.029% fat, 0.78% as a percentage of average fat content). The Mojonnier ether extraction and Babcock methods for fat in cream have been adopted by AOAC INTERNATIONAL. The new Babcock method replaced the AOAC Official Method 920.111 B-C.

scholarly journals Comparative Validation Study to Demonstrate the Equivalence of a Minor Modification to AOAC Method 997.03 [Visual Immunoprecipitate (VIP®) for Listeria] to the Reference Culture Methods

2008 ◽  
Vol 91 (2) ◽  
pp. 365-369 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip T Feldsine ◽  
David E Kerr ◽  
George S Shen ◽  
Andrew H Lienau
Keyword(s):  
Official Method ◽  
Comparison Study ◽  
Culture Methods ◽  
Environmental Surfaces ◽  
Environmental Surface ◽  
Aoac Method ◽  
Aoac Official ◽  
A Minor ◽  
Comparative Validation ◽  
Aoac Official Method

Abstract The Visual Immunoprecipitate (VIP®) for the Detection of Listeria in Foods and Environmental Surfaces, AOAC Official Method 997.03, has been modified to use a simplified housing for the device. A methods comparison study was conducted to demonstrate the equivalence of this modification to the reference culture methods. Two food matrixes and one environmental surface were analyzed. In total, valid results were obtained from 145 samples and controls. Results showed that the modified VIP for Listeria spp. is equivalent to the reference culture methods for the detection of Listeria.

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