Susceptibility of the Boll Weevil (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) to Methyl Parathion in Nicaragua

1987 ◽  
Vol 80 (2) ◽  
pp. 358-361 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sean L. Swezey ◽  
Martha L. Salamanca
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Parathion ◽  
Boll Weevil

scholarly journals Efecto del paratión metílico en poblaciones del picudo del algodonero.

2006 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 107
Author(s):  
Jesús Lorea Gallardo ◽  
Dan A. Wolfenbarger
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Parathion ◽  
Boll Weevil ◽  
Cotton Boll ◽  
Technical Grade ◽  
Cotton Boll Weevil ◽  
Rio Bravo ◽  
Ld50 Value

 LD50  of methyl parathion was determined on cotton boll weevil populations collected from Rio Bravo, Tamaulipas, Mexico, Tiquisate, Guatemala and Weslaco, Texas, E.U. The insecticide obtained as a 97% technical grade was diluted in acetone and applied topically to dorsum of thorax of the boll weevils. The LD50  values of methyl parathion on Mexico and E.U. cotton boll weevil populations were 0.0091 and 0.01 mg/weevil, respectively. Both values indicated susceptibility. Te LD50  value of methyl parathion on the Guatemala cotton boll weevil populations was 0.44 μ g/weevil. this value may be considered as indicative of resistance.

scholarly journals A Threshold Management Test with Nucotn 33B, 1996

1997 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 242-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Burris ◽  
D. R. Cook ◽  
B. R. Leonard ◽  
J. B. Graves
Keyword(s):  
Cotton Seed ◽  
Methyl Parathion ◽  
Boll Weevil ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Silt Loam ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Spray System ◽  
The Press ◽  
Loam Soil ◽  
Insecticide Control

Abstract Plots were replicated four times in a RCB design and were eight rows (40 in spacing) X 45 ft. Transgenic cotton seed expressing the Bt delta endotoxin and seed of the non-transgenic parent line (DP 5415) were planted on 15 May, on a Commerce silt loam soil which was fertilized with 90 lb N/acre. Cotton seed was planted with a John Deere 7100 series planter which was equipped with 10 inch seed cones mounted to replace the seed hoppers. The seeding rate was 4 seed/row ft. Granular in-furrow treatments were applied with 8 inch belt cone applicators. In-furrow spray treatments were applied with a CO2 charged spray system through 25015 flat fan nozzles positioned in front of the press wheels. The spray tips were turned to spray across the furrow and were calibrated to deliver 5 gpa finished spray. All plots received 0.5 lb (AI)/acre Temik 15G and 0.75 lb (AI)/acre Terraclor Super X 2E at planting. Insecticide control measures were applied to treatments when boll worms and tobacco budworms first deposited eggs in Jul, and at 2, 5, and 7 percent BW/TBW/BAW damaged squares. The test was conducted in the presence ol high boll weevil population densities. Beet army worms were present in late Jul, Aug and Sep. Control of boll weevils and tarnished plant bugs was maintained on an “as needed” basis using the following treatments: Methyl parathion 4E, (0.33 lb (AI)/acre) on 11 Jul; Vydate 3.77CLV, (0.25 lb (AI)/acre) on 30 Jul; Methyl parathion 4E, (0.33 lb (AI)/acre) + Orthene 90S, (0.33 lb (AI)/acre) on 6 Aug; Methyl parathion 4E, (0.33 lb (AI)/acre) + Dimethoate 4E. (0.25 lb (AI)/acre) on 13 Aug; Baythroid 2E, (0.045 lb (AI)/acre) on 11 Sep. In addition to the overspray treatments listed above, the DP 5415 and NuCOTN 33B spray strategies (treatments 2 and 4) received the following insecticide treatments: Karate IE, (0.03 lb (AI)/acre) on 22 Jul; Karate IE, (0.03 lb (AI)/acre) on 25 Jul; Karate IE, (0.03 lb (AI)/acre) on 30 Jul; Karate IE, (0.03 lb (AI)/acre) on 5 Aug; Karate IE, (0.03 lb (AI)/acre) on 8 Aug. Cu-racron 8E, (1.0 lb (AI)/acre) + Pirate 3E, (0.2 lb (AI)/acre) + Vydate 3.77CLV, (0.25 lb (AI)/acre) on 15 Aug and Curacron 8E, (1.0 lb (AI)/acre) + Pi-rate 3 SC, (0.2 lb (AI)/acre) + Methyl parathion 4E (0.33 lb (AI)/acre on 26 Aug. Bollgard® threshold treatments 2% and 5% were sprayed with Karate IE, (0.033 lb (AI)/acre) on 8 Aug and Curacron 8E (1.0 lb (AI)/acre) + Pirate 3 SC (0.2 lb (AI)/acre) + Vydate 3.77 CLV, (0.25 lb (AI)/acre) on 15 Aug. All NuCOTN 33B threshold treatments were sprayed with Baythroid 2E (0.045 lb (AI)/acre), on 11 Sep. Plant terminals and squares were examined for BW/TBW eggs, larvae, damage and boll weevil damaged squares on 11, 24, 30 Jul, and 2, 8, 13 and 19 Aug. Terminals were examined on all dates except 19 Aug. The center four rows of the plots were harvested on 14 Oct to determine seedcotton yield. Plots were harvested using a John Deere spindle type picker. Yields were converted to lb seedcotton/acre.

Susceptibility of Cotesia marginiventris (Cresson) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) to Field Rates of Selected Cotton Insecticides2

1997 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 303-310 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Glynn Tillman ◽  
William Scott
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Parathion ◽  
Boll Weevil ◽  
Lower Mortality ◽  
Insect Control ◽  
Cotesia Marginiventris ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Males And Females

The parasitoid Cotesia marginiventris (Cresson) was treated topically with minimum recommended field rates of formulated insecticides commonly used in cotton insect control. The 14 insecticides were acephate, azinphosmethyl, bifenthrin, cyhalothrin, cypermethrin, endosulfan, esfenvalerate, fipronil, methomyl, methyl parathion, oxamyl, profenofos, thiodicarb, and AC 303,630. Eleven of the 14 insecticides were extremely toxic to C. marginiventris, causing 80 to 100% mortality of adult wasps, whereas treatment with thiodicarb, oxamyl, and acephate resulted in lower mortality of C. marginiventris males and females. For both male and female C. marginiventris, thiodicarb and oxamyl were less toxic than acephate. Esfenvalerate was the least toxic pyrethroid for C. marginiventris females. Of the three insecticides used in boll weevil control (oxamyl, azinphosmethyl, and methyl parathion), oxamyl was the least toxic to C. marginiventris. Selective use of the insecticides which result in higher survival could facilitate conservation of C. marginiventris.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Scout X-Tra and Decis Formulations Against Bollworm and Tobacco Budworm, 1994

1995 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 206-206
Author(s):  
B. R. Leonard ◽  
C. A. White ◽  
J. B. Graves ◽  
J. H. Pankey
Keyword(s):  
Delivery System ◽  
Treatment Efficacy ◽  
Methyl Parathion ◽  
Boll Weevil ◽  
Test Area ◽  
Compressed Air ◽  
Tobacco Budworm ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Hollow Cone ◽  
Supplemental Irrigation

Abstract Cotton was planted 2 Jun into plots consisting of 4 rows (40 inch centers) × 50 ft. Treatments were arranged in an RCB design with 4 replications. Applications were made with a high clearance sprayer and compressed air delivery system calibrated to deliver 6 gal total spray/acre through Teejet X- 8 hollow cone nozzles (2/row) at 46 psi. Insecticide treatments were applied on 12, 15, 22 Aug. Methyl parathion 4 EC (0.33 lb (AI)/acre) was applied on an “as needed” basis for boll weevil control. Treatment efficacy was determined by examining 50 squares for evidence of damage. The center two rows of each plot were mechanically harvested on 12 Oct to estimate seedcotton yields. The test area received 0.11, 1.9 and 0.13 inches rainfall on 13, 20, 21 Aug, respectively. Supplemental irrigation was provided by an overhead system sprinkler “as needed” during the season, but not within 48 h of treatment applications.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Pirate 3 SC Against Boll Worm-Tobacco Budworm in Louisiana, 1993

1994 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 231-231
Author(s):  
B. R. Leonard ◽  
P. A. Clay ◽  
E. Burris ◽  
J. B. Graves ◽  
C. A. White
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Parathion ◽  
Sprinkler Irrigation ◽  
Boll Weevil ◽  
Test Area ◽  
Tobacco Budworm ◽  
Beet Armyworm ◽  
Feeding Damage ◽  
Seed Cotton ◽  
Hollow Cone ◽  
Soybean Looper

Abstract Cotton was planted 2 Jun with plots consisting of 4 rows (40 in centers) × 50 ft. Treatments were arranged in a RCBD and replicated 4 times. Applications were made with a high clearance sprayer calibrated to deliver 6 gal total spray/acre through Teejet X-8 hollow cone nozzles (2/row) at 45 psi. Insecticide treatments were applied on 4, 9, 20, 31 Aug. Methyl parathion 4 EC (0.33 lb [AI]/acre) was applied to all plots on 24 and 28 Aug to reduce boll weevil infestations. Efficacy was determined by examining 50 plant terminals and squares per plot on 6, 13, 23 Aug and 2 Sep for evidence of damage and the presence of bollworm-tobacco budworm larvae. The data reported for bollworm-tobacco budworm and boll weevil damage are a summary of trial means across sample dates. High numbers of soybean looper and beet armyworm larvae were observed in the plots during Sep and visual defoliation ratings were estimated to evaluate differences among treatments. Each plot was scored as follows: 0 (no feeding damage), 1 (feeding damage within the lower Vi of the plant), 2 (feeding damage in the lower Vi and middle Vi of the plant) or 3 (feeding damage throughout the plant). The plots were mechanically harvested on 17 and 24 Oct to estimate seed cotton yields. The test area received 2.0 inches rainfall on 6 Aug, 0.5 inch on 20 Aug, and 0.3 inch on 28 Aug. Supplemental moisture was provided by sprinkler irrigation "as needed" during the season but not within 48 h of treatment applications.

Susceptibility of Microplitis croceipes and Cardiochiles nigriceps (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) to Field Rates of Selected Cotton Insecticides1

1995 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 390-396 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Glynn Tillman
Keyword(s):  
Heliothis Virescens ◽  
Methyl Parathion ◽  
Boll Weevil ◽  
The Other ◽  
Microplitis Croceipes ◽  
High Survival ◽  
Biological Control Agents ◽  
Parasitoid Species ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Cardiochiles Nigriceps

Microplitis croceipes (Cresson) and Cardiochiles nigriceps Vierick, parasitoids of Heliothis virescens (F.), were treated topically with field rates of 14 formulated insecticides commonly used in cotton insect control. The 14 insecticides were oxamyl, thiodicarb, endosulfan, acephate, azinphosmethyl, chlorpyrifos, dicrotophos, dimethoate, methyl parathion, profenofos, bifenthrin, cyhalothrin, cyfluthrin, and cypermethrin. With the exception of thiodicarb, all insecticides were extremely toxic to M. croceipes, causing 100% mortality of adult wasps. Treatment with thiodicarb resulted in high survival of adults for each parasitoid species. Acephate was extremely toxic to M. croceipes, but relatively non-toxic to C. nigriceps. Mortality also was lower for C. nigriceps females than for C. nigriceps males and M. croceipes for both sexes when wasps were treated with oxamyl. Nine of the 14 insecticides tested were extremely toxic to C. nigriceps, causing 100% mortality of adult wasps. Treatment with 5 insecticides - thiodicarb, acephate, oxamyl, azinphosmethyl, and cypermethrin - resulted in higher survival for C. nigriceps adults than was obtained for the other nine insecticide treatments. For both male and female C. nigriceps, thiodicarb and acephate were less toxic than the other three insecticides. Generally, these five insecticides were less toxic to females than males. An exception was the lower mortality of male C. nigriceps versus females of this species for treatment with acephate. Of the three insecticides commonly used for boll weevil control (oxamyl, azinphosmethyl, and methyl parathion), oxamyl was the least toxic to C. nigriceps females. Cypermethrin was less toxic to C. nigriceps females than the other three pyrethroids tested. Selective use of insecticides which permit higher parasitoid survival could facilitate conservation of these native biological control agents.

scholarly journals Evaluations Of Square Damage On Bollgard (Bt) Cotton, 1995

1996 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 422-423
Author(s):  
Gene Burris ◽  
Don Cook ◽  
B. R. Leonard ◽  
J. B. Graves ◽  
J. Pankey
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Cotton Seed ◽  
Methyl Parathion ◽  
Boll Weevil ◽  
Compressed Air ◽  
Bt Cotton ◽  
Silt Loam ◽  
Population Densities ◽  
Loam Soil ◽  
Height Data

Abstract Plots were four rows (40-inch spacing) wide X 30 feet long and consisted of a randomized complete design with 4 replications. Cotton seed was planted on 15 May on a Commerce silt loam soil which was sidedress fertilized with 90 lb N/acre. Cotton seed was planted with a John Deere model 7100 series planter equipped with 10 inch seed cones mounted to replace the seed hoppers. The seed rate was 4 seeds/row ft. The granular in-furrow treatment (Temik 15G, 0.5 lb Al/acre) was applied with 8 inch belt cone applicators mounted to replace the standard granular applicators. Terraclor Super-X 2E, 2 quarts formulated/acre, was applied with a compressed air sprayer system attached to 2501 nozzles on the planter. The spray tips were positioned to thoroughly cover the sides and bottom of the seed furrow and were calibrated to deliver 5 GPA finished spray. Stand and plant height data were taken on 16 Jun (data not shown). BWTBW treatments (H. spp.) were applied to Coker 312 (Spray/H. spp.) and Bollgard­ (Spray/8%) on 17 Jul and 2, 10, 17, 24, and 31 Aug. Square and terminal infestation ratings were taken (larvae/25) on 3, 12, 17, 20, 24, 26 Jul and 1, 3, 9, and 14 Aug. Boll damage and foliage damage ratings were taken on 29 Aug. The test was conducted in the presence of high boll weevil population densities. Eight overspray treatments were used to control aphids, plant bugs, and boll weevils in all plots as follows: Provado 1.6F + Vydate 3.77L, 0.04 + 0.25 lb Al/acre, (20 June); Bidrin 8E + Ovasyn 1.5E, 0.4 + 0.25 lb Al/acre, (28 June); Guthion 2L, 0.25 lb Al/acre, (10 July); andMethyl parathion 4E, 0.33 lb Al/acre, (12 July); Methyl parathion 4E, 0.33 lb Al/acre, (28 July and 12, 18 August). Bollgard­ threshold treatments 2% and 5% were sprayed with Karate IE + Larvin 3.2F at 0.033 + 0.25 lb Al/acre on 10 August. Bollgard­ threshold treatments 2%, 5% and 8% were sprayed wit Baythroid 2E + Curacron 8E + Larvin 3.2Fat 0.04 + 1.0 + 0.4 lb Al/acre respectively (17 Aug). All Bollgard­ threshold treatments were sprayed with Methyl parathion 4E + Pirate 3SC + Curacron 8E at 0.33 + 0.25 + 1.0 lb Al/acre on 24 Aug.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Selected Insecticides and Insecticide Combinations Against Boll Weevil, Bollworm and Tobacco Budworm, 1993

1994 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 224-224
Author(s):  
J. B. Graves ◽  
B. R. Leonard ◽  
P. A. Clay ◽  
E. Burris
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Delivery System ◽  
Methyl Parathion ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Boll Weevil ◽  
Tobacco Budworm ◽  
Silt Loam ◽  
Seed Cotton ◽  
Hollow Cone ◽  
High Clearance

Abstract Cotton was planted in a Gigger-Gilbert silt loam on 2 Jun. Plots consisted of 4 rows on 1.02 m centers × 15.2 m. Treatments were arranged in a RCBD with 4 replications. Field preparation and plot maintenance followed conventional cultural practices. Plots were irrigated to maintain satisfactory soil moisture. All treatments were applied with a high clearance sprayer equipped with a CO2 charged delivery system calibrated to deliver 56.1 liters total spray/ha through TX-8 hollow cone nozzles (2/row) at 3.2 kg/cm2. Treatments were applied on 2, 5 and 16 Aug and evaluated on 5, 9 and 20 Aug (3, 4 and 4 DAT respectively) by visually examining 25 terminals per plot (randomly selected from middle 2 rows of each plot) for eggs, damage and live larvae and 25 squares per plot for live larvae and bollworm-tobacco budworm and boll weevil damage. The center 2 rows of each plot were mechanically harvested on 8 Oct to estimate seed cotton yields. The plots received 5.3 cm rainfall on 6 Aug and a trace of rainfall on 18, 19 and 20 Aug. Methyl parathion 4E (0.37 kg [AI]/ha) was applied on 23 Jul and 10, 24 and 28 Aug to all plots for boll weevil suppression.

Effects of Methyl Parathion, DDT, and Toxaphene on the Boll Weevil, Bollworm, and Cotton Plant in North Carolina12

1970 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 596-599
Author(s):  
W. J. Mistric ◽  
B. M. Covington ◽  
F. D. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Cotton Plant ◽  
Methyl Parathion ◽  
Boll Weevil
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