Western Corn Rootworm (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) Larval Survival and Damage Potential to Corn Subjected to Nitrogen and Plant Density Treatments

1988 ◽  
Vol 81 (5) ◽  
pp. 1450-1455 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara P. Spike ◽  
Jon J. Tollefson
Keyword(s):  
Plant Density ◽  
Larval Survival ◽  
Western Corn Rootworm ◽  
Corn Rootworm ◽  
Damage Potential

Competition of Transgenic Volunteer Corn with Soybean and the Effect on Western Corn Rootworm Emergence

Weed Science ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 193-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Marquardt ◽  
C. Krupke ◽  
W. G. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Yield Loss ◽  
Larval Survival ◽  
Western Corn Rootworm ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Corn Rootworm ◽  
Soybean Yield ◽  
Emergence Traps ◽  
Volunteer Corn ◽  
Corn Plants ◽  
The Impact

Glyphosate-resistant (GR) volunteer corn has emerged as a problematic weed in corn:soybean rotational systems, partly because of the rapid increase in adoption of corn hybrids that contain traits for both glyphosate and insect resistance. Volunteer GR corn can decrease soybean yields. The objectives of this study were to quantify the impact of volunteer corn on soybean growth and yield and determine how volunteer corn densities affect western corn rootworm (WCR) emergence. Volunteer corn seed was hand-planted at targeted densities of 0.5, 2, 4, 8, 12, and 16 seeds m−2at soybean planting and 21 d after planting to evaluate both early- and late-emerging cohorts. WCR emergence was assessed with the use of field emergence traps placed over individual corn plants in the 0.5- and 16-plants-m−2plots in 2008 and 2009. In 2010, WCR emergence traps were also placed over individual and clumped volunteer corn plants at densities of two and eight plants m−2. Soybean yield reductions ranged from 10 to 41% where early-emerging volunteer corn densities ranged from 0.5 to 16 plants m−2. No soybean yield loss occurred with the late-emerging cohort of volunteer corn. Twice as many adult WCRs emerged from a single volunteer corn plant growing at densities of 8 and 16 plants m−2, compared with plots containing 0.5 and 2 plants m−2. These results demonstrate that controlling volunteer corn will not only prevent soybean yield loss, but also may reduce the risk of WCR larval survival after exposure to Bt (Bacillus thuringiensisBerliner derived) corn.

scholarly journals Development of an improved and accessible diet for western corn rootworm larvae using response surface modeling

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Man P. Huynh ◽  
Bruce E. Hibbard ◽  
Michael Vella ◽  
Stephen L. Lapointe ◽  
Randall P. Niedz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface ◽  
Diabrotica Virgifera Virgifera ◽  
Larval Survival ◽  
Surface Modeling ◽  
Western Corn Rootworm ◽  
Larval Performance ◽  
Response Surface Modeling ◽  
Corn Rootworm ◽  
Corn Root ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract The western corn rootworm (WCR), Diabrotica virgifera virgifera LeConte, is an important pest of maize (Zea mays L.). Published WCR diets contain corn root powder, which is not available for purchase, thereby limiting the practical use of diets containing this ingredient. We applied response surface modeling combined with mixture designs to formulate a WCR diet that does not require corn root powder. We developed the new formulation by systematically exploring eight protein ingredients from animal, plant, and yeast sources based on simultaneous evaluation of three life history parameters (weight, molting, and survival). This formulation (WCRMO-2) without corn root powder supported approximately 97% of larval survival and successful molting. Larval weight gain after 10 days of feeding on WCRMO-2 was 4-fold greater than that of larvae feeding on the current best published WCR diet. Additionally, there was no significant difference in these larval performance traits when larvae were reared on WCRMO-2 and the best proprietary WCR diet. A commercial version of WCRMO-2 was tested and found to perform comparably for these traits. These improvements met our goal of a diet comprised of available ingredients that supports performance of WCR larvae equal to or better than publicly available formulations and proprietary formulations.

Effects of Row Spacing and Plant Density on Corn Rootworm (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) Emergence and Damage Potential to Corn

2002 ◽  
Vol 95 (3) ◽  
pp. 570-577 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy M. Nowatzki ◽  
Jon J. Tollefson ◽  
Theodore B. Bailey
Keyword(s):  
Plant Density ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Corn Rootworm ◽  
Damage Potential

scholarly journals Comparison of Six Artificial Diets for Western Corn Rootworm Bioassays and Rearing

2018 ◽  
Vol 111 (6) ◽  
pp. 2727-2733 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa N Meihls ◽  
Man P Huynh ◽  
Dalton C Ludwick ◽  
Thomas A Coudron ◽  
B Wade French ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Diet ◽  
Extended Period ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Diabrotica Virgifera Virgifera ◽  
Larval Survival ◽  
Western Corn Rootworm ◽  
Fourth Instar ◽  
Corn Rootworm ◽  
Artificial Diets ◽  
Testing Susceptibility

Abstract The western corn rootworm, Diabrotica virgifera virgifera LeConte (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), is considered the most important maize (Zea mays L.) pest in the U.S. Corn Belt. Bioassays testing susceptibility to Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner (Bt) and other toxins of corn rootworm larvae often rely on artificial diet formulations. Successful bioassays on artificial diet for corn rootworm have sometimes been challenging because of microbial contamination. Toward the long-term goal of developing a universal artificial diet for western corn rootworm larvae, we compared larval survival, dry weight, and percentage of molt in 10-d bioassays from six current diets of which we were aware. In addition, as part of longer term rearing efforts, we recorded molting over an extended period of development (60 d). Six different artificial diets, including four proprietary industry diets (A, B, C, and D), the first published artificial diet for western corn rootworm (Pleau), and a new diet (WCRMO-1) were evaluated. Western corn rootworm larval survival was above 90% and contamination was 0% on all diets for 10 d. Diet D resulted in the greatest dry weight and percentage molting when compared with the other diets. Although fourth-instar western corn rootworm larvae have not been documented previously (only three instars have been previously documented), as many as 10% of the larvae from Diet B molted into a fourth instar prior to pupating. Overall, significant differences were found among artificial diets currently used to screen western corn rootworm. In order for data from differing toxins to be compared, a single, reliable and high-quality western corn rootworm artificial diet should eventually be chosen by industry, academia, and the public as a standard for bioassays.

scholarly journals Evidence of Resistance to Cry34/35Ab1 Corn by Western Corn Rootworm (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae): Root Injury in the Field and Larval Survival in Plant-Based Bioassays

2016 ◽  
Vol 109 (4) ◽  
pp. 1872-1880 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aaron J. Gassmann ◽  
Ram B. Shrestha ◽  
Siva R. K. Jakka ◽  
Mike W. Dunbar ◽  
Eric H. Clifton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Larval Survival ◽  
Western Corn Rootworm ◽  
Corn Rootworm ◽  
Root Injury
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