Emission Characteristics of a Polyethylene Pheromone Dispenser for Mating Disruption of Codling Moth (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae)

AbstractSex pheromone-mediated mating disruption using Isomate-C® pheromone dispensers was evaluated as a means of controlling the codling moth, Cydia pomonella, over three consecutive growing seasons in organically managed blocks of apples at two commercial apple orchards in Ontario. The objective of the study was to determine if mating disruption could be used to stabilize or reduce the amount of damage caused by indigenous codling moth populations. The emission rate of the pheromone dispensers was estimated using volumetric and gravimetric methods. Efficacy of the pheromone treatment was assessed by comparing pheromone-baited trap catches of adult male codling moths in pheromone- and insecticide-treated blocks of apples, and by estimating damage caused by first- and second-generation codling moths in pheromone- and insecticide-treated blocks as well as in small plots of apples where the codling moth was not controlled. The estimated average release rate of pheromone varied from 22.2 to 30.3 mg per ha per h. The seasonal total number of adult male moths trapped in the pheromone-treated blocks was from 3.8 to 25.3% of the number trapped in insecticide-treated blocks; during one season at one farm, no moths were trapped in a pheromone-treated block. Treatment with pheromone did not prevent an increase in codling moth damage. At one farm, damage increased ca. 5-fold during the 3-year study. At the other farm, damage increased ca. 4-fold during two consecutive growing seasons in one block and ca. 4-fold during three consecutive seasons in the other block. At both farms there was a marked increase in the amount of damage between the first and second generations of the pest. Possible reasons for the failure of the pheromone treatment to prevent increases in codling moth damage are discussed.

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Control of codling moth in small plots by mating disruption: alone and with limited insecticide

Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata ◽

10.1046/j.1570-7458.1998.00285.x ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 86 (3) ◽

pp. 229-239 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

R. A. Vickers ◽

W. G. Thwaite ◽

D. G. Williams ◽

A. H. Nicholas

Keyword(s):

Mating Disruption ◽

Codling Moth

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EVALUATION OF A SPRAY FORMULATION OF CODLEMONE FOR MATING DISRUPTION OF CODLING MOTH (CYDIA POMONELLA) IN APPLE (MALUS PUMILA MILL.)

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.31.6.916a ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 31 (6) ◽

pp. 916A-916

Author(s):

Robert E. Call ◽

Jack W. Jenkins

Keyword(s):

Mating Disruption ◽

Block Design ◽

Cydia Pomonella ◽

Codling Moth ◽

Malus Pumila ◽

Run Off ◽

Randomized Complete Block Design ◽

Malus Pumila Mill ◽

Spray Formulation ◽

Made In

Mating disruption of codling moth using codlemone pheromoneemitting twist-ties or cards has become a standard practice in many orchards. This study was initiated to determine the effectiveness of NoMate CM EC, a spray formulation of codlemone pheromone. Treatments were applied 20–21 Apr. 1995 to plots measuring 99 × 244 m of 15-year-old `Golden Delicious' apple trees on seedling rootstock. Trees were spaced 3.7 × 5.5 m and treatments were made in a randomized complete block design replicated three times. Whole trees were sprayed to run-off using a handgun. Treatments were 20.2 g a.i. NoMate CM EC/h and a watered sprayed control. Two pheromonebaited, sticky traps were placed in each replicate to monitor codling moth activity. Moth counts were made 3 days after treatment and continued twice weekly for 4 weeks. Results indicated very little moth activity for the first 14 days of the study in plots treated with NoMate CM EC when compared to the control. However, after the first two weeks differences between treatments were not significant.

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Evaluating sex-pheromone- and kairomone-based lures for attracting codling moth adults in mating disruption versus conventionally managed apple orchards in Pennsylvania

Pest Management Science ◽

10.1002/ps.2194 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 67 (10) ◽

pp. 1332-1337 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Neelendra K Joshi ◽

Larry A Hull ◽

Edwin G Rajotte ◽

Greg Krawczyk ◽

Eric Bohnenblust

Keyword(s):

Sex Pheromone ◽

Mating Disruption ◽

Codling Moth ◽

Apple Orchards

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Combination of Mating Disruption and Granulosis Virus for Control of Codling Moth in Bulgaria

Journal of Plant Protection Research ◽

10.2478/v10045-008-0060-3 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 48 (4) ◽

pp. 509-513 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Hristina Kutinkova ◽

Jörg Samietz ◽

Vasiliy Dzhuvinov

Keyword(s):

Population Density ◽

Mating Disruption ◽

Cydia Pomonella ◽

Codling Moth ◽

High Population ◽

High Population Density ◽

Granulosis Virus ◽

Fruit Damage ◽

Central South ◽

Trial Plot

Combination of Mating Disruption and Granulosis Virus for Control of Codling Moth in Bulgaria An application of mating disruption by use of Ecodian CP dispensers (ISAGRO, Italy) in combination with the granulosis virus product Carpovirusine 2000 (Arysta LifeScience, France) against Codling moth (CM), Cydia pomonella, was tested near Plovdiv, Central South Bulgaria. In 2007, the method was applied in an orchard where in the previous year fruit damage reached 18.7% and the CM population was high, as indicated by 3.83 diapausing larvae per tree. Carpovirusine was applied 11 times in the trial plot in combination with Ecodian CP dispensers installed twice during the season. Before harvest, fruit damage in the trial plot amounted to 0.9% and the overwintering population in autumn 2007 was only 0.46 larvae per tree. At the same time in the reference orchard, where 15 insecticide treatments were applied during the season, fruit damage before harvest reached 12.3% and the hibernating population was 7.97 larvae per tree. So, it has been confirmed that combination of both methods might be an effective tool for control of codling moth in the orchards with high population density and resistance to conventional insecticides. This study is being continued.

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