Susceptibility of Boll Weevil (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) to Ethiprole, Differential Toxicity Against Selected Natural Enemies, and Diagnostic Concentrations for Resistance Monitoring

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge Braz Torres ◽  
G G Rolim ◽  
D M Potin ◽  
L S Arruda ◽  
R C S Neves
Keyword(s):  
Natural Enemies ◽  
Boll Weevil ◽  
Anthonomus Grandis ◽  
Red Imported Fire Ant ◽  
Susceptible Population ◽  
Differential Toxicity ◽  
Failure Assessment ◽  
Solenopsis Invicta Buren ◽  
Control Failure ◽  
Expected Mortality

Abstract Synthetic insecticide application is one tactic for reducing boll weevil, Anthonomus grandis grandis Boheman (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), infestations during the cotton, Gossypium hirsutum L., reproductive stage. We assessed the susceptibility of the boll weevil and its natural enemies to ethiprole (mode of action 2B), a phenylpyrazole insecticide, and diagnostic concentrations of ethiprole indicative of boll weevil susceptibility. Differences in the lethal concentrations of ethiprole were calculated with susceptibility ratios based on LC50 ranging from 2.89- to 10.34-fold relative to a natural susceptible population. The lowest and the highest recommended field rates of ethiprole, 100 and 200 g a.i./ha, produced residues that caused 83.3% and 93.7% mortality of weevils caged with cotton leaves from field-treated plants for 8 d. We found that ethiprole was less toxic than fipronil to the boll weevil parasitoid Bracon vulgaris Ashmead (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) and to the red imported fire ant, Solenopsis invicta Buren (Hymenoptera: Formicidae), while fipronil was highly toxic to both. Adult earwigs, Euborellia annulipes Lucas (Dermaptera: Anisolabididae), were relatively tolerant to ethiprole and fipronil at the highest field rates. Pooled LC50-and LC95-concentrations of ethiprole calculated from studied populations were used as diagnostic for boll weevil mortality, and the outcome fitted to the expected mortality for boll weevil populations from different locations serving for further control failure assessment. Ethiprole appears to be suitable for boll weevil control with low impact on natural enemy communities.

Pest Insects and Natural Enemies in Transitional Organic Cotton in Georgia

2009 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Glynn Tillman ◽  
Marshall Lamb ◽  
Benjamin Mullinix
Keyword(s):  
Natural Enemies ◽  
Helicoverpa Zea ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Larval Mortality ◽  
Transitional Period ◽  
Seasonal Abundance ◽  
Red Imported Fire Ant ◽  
Stink Bugs ◽  
Geocoris Punctipes ◽  
Solenopsis Invicta Buren

This research was conducted in experimental plots in Georgia from 2004 through 2006 and assessed the prospects for transitioning to a totally organic management system for cotton. The seasonal abundance of insect pests and their natural enemies over the 3-yr transitional period are reported herein. The heliothines, Heliothis virescens (F.) and Helicoverpa zea (Boddie), and stink bugs, mainly Nezara viridula (L.), Euschistus servus (Say), and Euschistus quadrator (Rolston), were the 2 groups of insect pests found on cotton. Heliothine larvae were observed each year of the study but, in general, infestations of heliothines were higher in 2004 than in the other 2 yrs. Stink bugs were observed in relatively high numbers, and the percent of cotton bolls damaged by these pests was high only during year 2 of the study. Over the 3-yr period, the red imported fire ant, Solenopsis invicta Buren, various spiders, including Oxyopes scalaris Hentz and Peucetia viridans (Hentz), the big-eyed bug, Geocoris punctipes (Say), and the pirate bug, Orius insidiosus (Say), were the most abundant predators of the heliothines and stink bugs. The endoparasitoid Toxoneuron nigriceps Viereck and an ascovirus also contributed to larval mortality of H. virescens. The endoparasitoid Trichopoda pennipes (F.) parasitized adults of N. viridula.

scholarly journals Insecticide resistance and control failure likelihood among populations of the boll weevil (Anthonomus grandis) from Mato Grosso (Brazil)

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. e42714 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharrine Omari Domingues Oliveira-Marra ◽  
Raul Narciso Carvalho Guedes ◽  
Cristina Schetino Bastos ◽  
Pedro Henrique Alves Marra ◽  
Lucia Madalena Vivan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insecticide Resistance ◽  
Boll Weevil ◽  
Anthonomus Grandis ◽  
Pest Species ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Field Control ◽  
Control Failure ◽  
Insect Populations ◽  
And Control ◽  
Control Failures

The cotton producers from southern Mato Grosso are currently experiencing control failure with the use of the use of insecticides against the cotton boll weevil Anthonomus grandis Boheman, the main pest species of this commodity. Therefore, the present study was designed to survey insecticide resistance and the associated likelihood of control failure among boll weevil populations in the region. Ten insect populations were sampled during the 2016/2017 season and subjected to time-mortality (contact) bioassays in glass vials impregnated with dried insecticide residues at their respective label rates. The three insecticides most frequently used in the region were surveyed: the organophosphate malathion and the pyrethroids beta-cyfluthrin and zeta-cypermethrin. The survival curves showed estimates of the respective median survival time (LT50) for each combination of insecticide and insect copulation. However, there were no significant differences in susceptibility among populations. The estimates of control failure likelihood for each compound at their respective label rates also indicated negligible risk of control failure with their use. These findings are consistent with time-mortality results indicating the lack of insecticide resistant populations at the surveyed sampling sites, suggesting that the reported field control failures result from other causes such as problems with insecticide application.

scholarly journals Within plant distribution of Anthonomus grandis (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) feeding and oviposition damages in cotton cultivars

2013 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 78-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Fernando Jurca Grigolli ◽  
Leandro Aparecido de Souza ◽  
Diego Felisbino Fraga ◽  
Marina Funichello ◽  
Antonio Carlos Busoli
Keyword(s):  
Vertical Distribution ◽  
Oviposition Behavior ◽  
Boll Weevil ◽  
Plant Distribution ◽  
Anthonomus Grandis ◽  
Plant Canopy ◽  
In The Beginning ◽  
The Vertical Distribution ◽  
Adequate Management

The feeding and oviposition behavior of boll weevil in new cotton cultivars is essential for an adequate management. The objective of this study was to evaluate the vertical distribution of squares punctured for feeding and oviposition of the pest in the cultivars NuOPAL, DeltaOPAL, FMT-701, FMX-910 and FMX-993, and record the most and least preferred times of feeding and oviposition. The number of squares used for boll weevil feeding and oviposition were evaluated weekly in three parts of plant canopy. It was observed that, regardless the cultivar, A. grandis preferred to lay eggs in squares located in the upper part and feed on squares in the middle and upper parts. The boll weevil preferred to feed on cultivar FMT-701 in the beginning of the period of cotton flowering and fruiting, and the cultivars NuOPAL, DeltaOPAL, FMX-910 and FMX-993 throughout the whole period of flowering and fruiting. A. grandis preferred to lay eggs on cultivars NuOPAL, FMT-701 and FMX-993 at the beginning and end of flowering and fruiting of plants, while the cultivars DeltaOPAL and FMX-910 are used for oviposition throughout the period of flowering and fruiting.

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