Integrated Management of Tomato Yellow Leaf Curl Virus and its Whitefly Vector in Tomato

2019 ◽  
Vol 112 (4) ◽  
pp. 1526-1540 ◽  
Author(s):  
David G Riley ◽  
Rajagopalbabu Srinivasan
Keyword(s):  
Symptom Severity ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Tomato Yellow Leaf ◽  
Yellow Leaf ◽  
Virus Family ◽  
Tomato Yield ◽  
Tomato Cultivars ◽  
Leaf Curl Virus ◽  
Leaf Curl

AbstractWhitefly-transmitted Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (Family Geminiviridae; Genus Begomovirus) severely restricts tomato production in the Southeastern United States. Whitefly and tomato yellow leaf curl virus management studies typically investigate control tactics individually, but successful management of this pest complex more often relies on a combination of tactics. This study examined the individual and combined effects of tomato yellow leaf curl virus-resistant cultivars, insecticides, and metallic reflective mulch on whiteflies, tomato yellow leaf curl virus disease incidence, and marketable tomato yields using split-split plot trials over 3 yr. Reflective mulch significantly reduced whitefly adults and nymphs and tomato yellow leaf curl virus symptom severity in all 3 yr of the study. Reflective mulch treatments also provided greater marketable tomato yield in 2 out of 3 yr. Imidacloprid and cyantraniliprole treatments reduced whitefly adults and nymphs’ establishment and marginally increased yields, but there was no significant insecticide effect on tomato yellow leaf curl virus incidence/symptom severity compared with the non-treated check. Virus-resistant tomato cultivars did not influence whitefly populations, but provided consistent reduction in virus disease incidence. Interactions between host plant resistance and insecticide treatments ranged from strongly additive in the standard white plastic mulch treatment to only marginally additive in the reflective mulch treatments in terms of enhancing tomato yields. tomato yellow leaf curl virus-resistant tomato cultivars and reflective mulch provided the bulk of the protection against tomato yellow leaf curl virus disease incidence. However, it was the combination of all the best tactics (reflective mulch, cyantraniliprole, ‘Security’ hyb. tomato yellow leaf curl virus-resistant) that provided the maximum increase in marketable tomato yield (2.8-fold) over the least effective combination (white mulch, no whitefly insecticide, ‘FL47’ hyb. tomato yellow leaf curl virus-susceptible).

scholarly journals Effect of Imidacloprid on Incidence of Tomato yellow leaf curl virus

Plant Disease ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 85 (1) ◽  
pp. 84-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. E. Ahmed ◽  
H. O. Kanan ◽  
Y. Sugimoto ◽  
Y. Q. Ma ◽  
S. Inanaga
Keyword(s):  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Tomato Yellow Leaf ◽  
Yellow Leaf ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Stages Of Growth ◽  
Tomato Yield ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Leaf Curl Virus ◽  
Leaf Curl

Confidor, an imidacloprid insecticide, was used in two applications at four rates (47.6, 71.4, 95.2, and 119 g a.i./ha) for indirectly controlling Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) in field plantings of tomato. This spray regimen was compared with standard applications of cypermethrins at 10- to 15-day intervals throughout the growing season. In three field trials, a combination of integrated pest management (IPM) practices and two applications of Confidor at the two highest rates immediately after planting and 6 weeks later, protected tomato plants against the disease until 12 weeks after sowing. All rates of Confidor reduced disease incidence compared with standard chemical control applied in an integrated strategy, and quantitative efficacy increased with increase of insecticide rate. In the three seasons, the mean incidence of TYLCV 12 weeks after sowing was 42.7% in plots not adopting IPM compared with 15.7% in those that did. Disease incidence was reduced by Confidor treatments to 2.2 to 17%. Confidor-treated plots consistently had higher yields than control plots, and the yields decreased with the decrease in the rate of Confidor application. Confidor offers several advantages over standard applications of cypermethrins to control TYLCV. When applied immediately after planting, its long-lasting systemic activity protected the crop against the disease during early stages of growth. In addition, it reduced the number of sprays and increased tomato yield.

Variation of the chemical composition of tomato cultivars (Lycopersicon esculentumMill.) according to resistance against the tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV)

2008 ◽  
Vol 88 (11) ◽  
pp. 1882-1891 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcos Hernández Suárez ◽  
Jordi Rull Pallarés ◽  
Domingo Ríos Mesa ◽  
Elena Rodríguez Rodríguez ◽  
Carlos Díaz Romero
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Tomato Yellow Leaf ◽  
Yellow Leaf ◽  
Tomato Cultivars ◽  
Leaf Curl Virus ◽  
Leaf Curl

Streptomyces pactum Act12 controls tomato yellow leaf curl virus disease and alters rhizosphere microbial communities

2019 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yulong Li ◽  
Qiao Guo ◽  
Yunzhou Li ◽  
Yifan Sun ◽  
Quanhong Xue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Tomato Yellow Leaf ◽  
Yellow Leaf ◽  
Leaf Curl Virus ◽  
Leaf Curl ◽  
Streptomyces Pactum

scholarly journals Development of a Scale for Evaluation of Tomato yellow leaf curl virus Resistance Level in Tomato Plants

2006 ◽  
Vol 96 (12) ◽  
pp. 1404-1408 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Lapidot ◽  
R. Ben-Joseph ◽  
L. Cohen ◽  
Z. Machbash ◽  
D. Levy
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Symptom Severity ◽  
Severity Score ◽  
Tomato Yellow Leaf ◽  
Yield Reduction ◽  
Yellow Leaf ◽  
Symptom Severity Score ◽  
Differential Hosts ◽  
Leaf Curl Virus ◽  
Leaf Curl

We have developed a scale of differential hosts that enables the determination and comparison of level of resistance to Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) expressed by resistant tomato lines or by individual plants in a segregating population. The scale is composed of seven different homozygous tomato genotypes that exhibit different levels of TYLCV resistance, ranging from fully susceptible to highly resistant. The differential hosts composing the scale were inoculated with TYLCV under greenhouse conditions. Four weeks after inoculation the plants were evaluated for disease symptom severity, and virus DNA titer was determined. The different genotypes were arranged in the scale according to symptom severity score. The different genotypes were then tested under different environmental conditions, inoculated at different ages, and tested in a field experiment assaying TYLCV-induced yield reduction. While the symptom severity score of each individual resistant genotype changed under different environmental conditions, the relative position on the scale did not alter, except for one genotype. Thus, to evaluate disease resistance of a given tomato genotype, the genotype in question should be inoculated alongside the differential hosts composing the scale, and within 4 weeks one can determine the relative level of resistance of the tested genotype.

scholarly journals Determination of the relationship between some morphological traits of the tomato lines and resistance tomato yellow leaf curl virus disease

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sinan Zengin ◽  
Aylin Kabaş ◽  
Hülya İlbi
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Tomato Yellow Leaf ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Yellow Leaf ◽  
Tomato Production ◽  
Solanum Lycopersicum L ◽  
Biological Tests ◽  
Leaf Curl Virus ◽  
Leaf Curl

Abstract Background: Tomato ( Solanum lycopersicum L.) is the most produced and exported vegetable in Turkey. There are many pathogens to limit tomato production by reducing yield and fruit quality. Among them, Tomato Yellow Leaf Curl Virus (TYLCV) causes important economic losses. The most efficient and environmental friendly method against TYLCV is the use of resistant varieties. In this trial, it was aimed to determine some morphological traits which were linked to Ty-1 and Ty-3a genes which confer to TYLCV. A commercial hybrid carrying Ty-1, Ty-3a genes as heterozygous was crossed to a susceptable inbred line from Bati Akdeniz Agricultural and Research Institute (BATEM). Marker assisted selection (MAS) was carried out in F 1 and F 2 generations and biological tests were done for TYLCV resistance in F 3 generation. MAS for Ty-3a and Ty-1 genes were compatible with biological tests.

scholarly journals Determination of the relationship between some morphological traits of the tomato lines and resistance tomato yellow leaf curl virus disease

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sinan Zengin ◽  
Aylin Kabaş ◽  
Hülya İlbi
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Tomato Yellow Leaf ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Yellow Leaf ◽  
Tomato Production ◽  
Biological Tests ◽  
Leaf Curl Virus ◽  
Leaf Curl

Abstract Background: Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is the most produced and exported vegetable in Turkey. There are many pathogens to limit tomato production by reducing yield and fruit quality. Among them, Tomato Yellow Leaf Curl Virus (TYLCV) causes important economic losses. The most efficient and environmental friendly method against TYLCV is the use of resistant varieties. In this trial, it was aimed to determine some morphological traits which were linked to Ty-1 and Ty-3a genes which confer to TYLCV. A commercial hybrid carrying Ty-1, Ty-3a genes as heterozygous was crossed to a susceptible inbred line from Bati Akdeniz Agricultural and Research Institute (BATEM). Marker assisted selection (MAS) was carried out in F1 and F2 generations and biological tests were done for TYLCV resistance in F3 generation. MAS for Ty-3a and Ty-1 genes were compatible with biological tests. Results: In total of 95 genotypes in F3 were developed with molecular marker selection. It was determined that 30 genotypes having the Ty-3a and Ty-1 genes as homozygous resistant. The nine genotypes carried these genes in heterozygous form. 56 genotypes were identified as susceptible. The 43 morphological traits were observed in identified individuals to correlate with resistant allele, Ty-3a. Conclusions: It was found that there was statistically important correlation between Ty-3a and length of internode, length of stem at first inflorescence, status of calix, leaf attitude, length of inflorescence and plant habitus. Also there was negative correlation between fruit weight, fruit length and resistance. Therefore, we identified some morphological markers linked to Ty-3a which can be used in selection for TLYCV resistant breeding programme.

scholarly journals Resistance Evaluation of Commmercial Tomato Cultivars against Tomato yellow leaf curl virus

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 297-302
Author(s):  
Sug-Ju Ko ◽  
Hyo-Jeong Kim ◽  
Jin-Hee Lee ◽  
Kyung-Cheol Ma ◽  
Duck-Soo Choi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tomato Yellow Leaf ◽  
Yellow Leaf ◽  
Resistance Evaluation ◽  
Tomato Cultivars ◽  
Leaf Curl Virus ◽  
Leaf Curl

scholarly journals First Report of Tomato yellow leaf curl virus on Tomato Crops in Greece

Plant Disease ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 85 (6) ◽  
pp. 678-678 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. D. Avgelis ◽  
N. Roditakis ◽  
C. I. Dovas ◽  
N. I. Katis ◽  
C. Varveri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Rflp Analysis ◽  
Tomato Yellow Leaf ◽  
Yellow Leaf ◽  
Degenerate Primers ◽  
Sequence Comparisons ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
First Report ◽  
Leaf Curl Virus ◽  
Leaf Curl

In late summer 2000, tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) grown in greenhouses in Ierapetra, Tympaki, and Chania (Crete) showed leaf curling, reduced leaf size, yellowing, shortened internodes, and a bushy appearance. More than 30 ha of tomato greenhouses were affected and the disease incidence ranged from 15 to 60% with estimated crop losses of over $500,000. Similar symptoms were observed in tomato samples from Marathon (Attiki) and Southern Peloponnese. All greenhouses with infected plants were infested with high populations of Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius), which were also observed outside the greenhouses on several weeds. Tomato symptoms were similar to those caused by Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV). The assumed virus could not be transmitted mechanically but successful transmission was obtained by grafting onto healthy tomato plants. Over 100 samples of symptomatic tomato plants collected from Crete and southern Peloponnese gave positive reactions when tested by ELISA using monoclonal antibodies to TYLCV-European (Adgen Ltd). The serological results were confirmed by PCR using two pairs of primers, universal degenerate (1) and MA 13 and MA 17 (2), amplifying different parts of the virus genome. The restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis (AluI, HaeIII, and TaqI) of the 541 bp amplicon obtained with the degenerate primers showed patterns similar to TYLCV-Is (Israeli species). The second pair of primers gave the expected 348 bp product, which was sequenced. Sequence comparisons revealed 99% identity with TYLCV-Is (EMBL no. X15656, X76319). The resulting sequence was at least 97.7% identical to sequences of TYLCV isolates from the Dominician Republic (EMBL no. AF024715), Cuba (EMBL no. AJ223505), Portugal (EMBL no. AF105975), Iran (EMBL no. AJ13271), and Spain (EMBL no. AF071228). The disease appeared for the first time in 1992 in Tymbaki, but was limited to very few plants in one glasshouse. However, the cause was not determined. To our knowledge, this is the first report of TYLCV of the Begomovirus genus in Greece. References: (1) D. Deng et al. Ann. Appl. Biol. 125:327, 1994. (2) J. Navas-Castillo et al. J. Virol. Methods 75:195, 1998.

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