scholarly journals The Granulate Cutworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae): Biological Parameters Under Controlled Conditions, Host Plants, and Distribution in the Americas

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandre Specht ◽  
Fernando M S Dias ◽  
Germán San Blas ◽  
Vânia F Roque-Specht ◽  
Mirna M Casagrande ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Host Species ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Agricultural Landscape ◽  
Pupal Stage ◽  
Common Species ◽  
Biological Parameters ◽  
Growth Ratio ◽  
Larval Host ◽  
Native Weeds ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae

Abstract Feltia subterranea (Fabricius), commonly known as the granulate cutworm, is a common species of owlet moths (Noctuidae) of major agricultural importance, widely distributed in Nearctic and Neotropical regions. This study was conducted to determine the species biological parameters, gather information about its larval host plants, and assess the agricultural significance of this species in the Americas. The viability of the egg, larval, pupal stages, and prepupal period was 98, 98, and 100%, respectively, under laboratory conditions. The average duration of the egg, larval, pupal stages, and prepupal period was 3, 17, 4, and 13 d, respectively. All laboratory-reared larvae developed through five instars. The growth ratio was 1.93 for females and 1.85 for males. The duration of the larval stage was significantly longer in females than in males from the fourth instar. The duration of the pupal stage was significantly shorter in females than in males. When larval and pupal stage durations were combined, there were no significant differences in total development time as a function of sex. In total, 159 botanical taxa belonging to 41 families were recorded as host species for F. subterranea. The families with the greatest number of host species were Fabaceae (22), Poaceae (19), Asteraceae (16), Brassicaceae (13), Solanaceae (12), Amaranthaceae (7), Cucurbitaceae (7), and Malvaceae (5). It is noteworthy that the large number of native weeds used by F. subterranea as host plants could represent a significant source of infestation of crops in the agricultural landscape.

scholarly journals Fine-scale abundance and distribution of wild silk moth pupae

2007 ◽  
Vol 97 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Veldtman ◽  
M.A. McGeoch ◽  
C.H. Scholtz
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Life Histories ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Pupal Stage ◽  
Tree Patterns ◽  
Silk Moth ◽  
Larval Host ◽  
Pupation Site ◽  
Tree Characteristics ◽  
Wild Silk Moth

AbstractAlthough several factors influence herbivore insect distributions at any particular scale, the most important determinants are likely to differ between species with different life histories. Identifying what these factors are and how they relate to life history forms an important component of understanding the population dynamics of species, and the habitat requirements necessary for their conservation. The pupal stage of two wild silk moth species, Gonometa postica Walker and G. rufobrunnea Aurivillius (Lepidoptera: Lasiocampidae), is the target of harvesting practices that are totally dependent on the availability of pupae from natural populations. Consequently, and partly due to poor knowledge of the species' biology, there is substantial interest in the distribution of pupae among and within trees for both these species. It was investigated whether between- and within-tree pupal distributions in these two species are non-random, and if so, whether there are relationships between pupation site use and tree characteristics such as tree size, available pupation space and branch position. Between-tree patterns in pupal abundance were random in terms of absolute spatial position, but markedly non-random with respect to tree characteristics. The apparent G. postica pupae were aggregated on large larval host plants, whereas the cryptic G. rufobrunnea pupae were aggregated on non-host plants. These patterns reflect the life history differences of the two species. In contrast, at the within-tree scale, branch position, aspect and tree shape influenced pupation site choice similarly for both species. These patterns might be related to microclimate. Documenting between-tree and within-tree patterns in Gonometa pupal distributions is the first step towards explaining pupation site selection, as well as identifying possible evolutionarily selective factors in the species, and generating testable hypotheses from these.

scholarly journals A review of the Schinia tertia (Grote) species complex (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae: Heliothinae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 473 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
MICHAEL G. POGUE ◽  
CHARLES E. HARP
Keyword(s):  
Related Species ◽  
Species Complex ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Female Genitalia ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Larval Host ◽  
First Time ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae ◽  
Larval Host Plants

Four closely related species of Schinia are diagnosed using characters of maculation, genitalia, larval host plants, and distribution. The revised status of both Schinia albafascia Smith and Schinia brunnea Barnes and McDunnough are based on differences in wing maculation and male and female genitalic structures. The revised synonymy of Schinia megarena Smith with Schinia tertia (Grote) is discussed. Male and female genitalia are described and illustrated for the first time for all species.

Interactions of Helicoverpa punctigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) Larvae and Adults With Four Native Host Plants Relative to Field Use Patterns

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lachlan C Jones ◽  
Michelle A Rafter ◽  
Gimme H Walter
Keyword(s):  
Host Species ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Larval Survival ◽  
Relative Distribution ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Primary Host ◽  
Relative Attractiveness ◽  
Native Host ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae

Abstract Generalist insect herbivores may be recorded from a great variety of host plants. Under natural conditions, however, they are almost invariably associated with a few primary host species on which most of the juveniles develop. We experimentally investigated the interaction of the generalist moth Helicoverpa punctigera Wallengren (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) with four of its native host plants, two designated primary hosts and two secondary hosts (based on field observations). We tested whether primary host plants support higher survival rates of larvae and whether they are more attractive to ovipositing moths and feeding larvae. We also evaluated whether relative attractiveness of host plants for oviposition matches larval survival rates on them—the preference-performance hypothesis. Moths laid significantly more eggs on two of the four host plant species, one of them a primary host, the other a secondary host. Larvae developed best when reared on the attractive secondary host, developed at intermediate levels on the two primary hosts, and performed worst on the less attractive secondary host. Relative attractiveness of the four host plants to caterpillars differed from that of the moths. Neither adult nor larval attraction to host plants fully supported the preference-performance hypothesis, but oviposition was better correlated with larval survival rates than was larval attraction. Our results suggest the relative frequency at which particular host species are used in the field may depend on factors not yet considered including the long-distance attractants used by moths and the relative distribution of host species.

scholarly journals Immature stages of Spodoptera albula (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae): Developmental parameters and host plants

2013 ◽  
Vol 85 (1) ◽  
pp. 271-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
DÉBORA G. MONTEZANO ◽  
ALEXANDRE SPECHT ◽  
TARCISO M. BORTOLIN ◽  
EDEGAR FRONZA ◽  
DANIEL R. SOSA-GÓMEZ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Larval Stage ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Artificial Diet ◽  
Average Duration ◽  
Immature Stages ◽  
Biological Cycle ◽  
Larval Host ◽  
Rearing Methods ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae ◽  
Larval Host Plants

This study aimed to detail the temporal and morphological parameters of the immature stages of Spodoptera albula (Walker 1857) under controlled conditions (25 ± 1°C, 70 ± 10% RH and 14 hour photophase) and to gather information about their larval host plants. For this purpose, a new rearing method and artificial diet was employed and validated. The viability of the egg, larval, pupal and pre-pupal stages was 94.54, 97.33, 93.84 and 92.34%, respectively. The average duration of the egg, larval, pupal and pre-pupal stages was 4.14, 16.37, 1.69, and 9.34 days, respectively. During the larval stage, 80.85% of females and 93.99% of males passed through six and remaining through seven instars, with significant larval protandry. The larvae that developed through six and seven instars exhibited a mean growth rate of 1.58 and 1.48, respectively. Fifty five host plant species belonging to 29 families are listed. The female pupae were significantly larger, exhibiting protogyny. Both the rearing methods as well as the larval diet proved adequate, providing more detailled observations of the biological cycle, especially the larval stage, and resulting in an overall survival of almost 80%.

scholarly journals Thraumata, a new genus from South America with description of a new species from Peru (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae)

ZooKeys ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 867 ◽  
pp. 139-160
Author(s):  
Paul Z. Goldstein ◽  
Alberto Zilli
Keyword(s):  
Host Plants ◽  
New Genus ◽  
South American ◽  
South American Species ◽  
Larval Biology ◽  
Larval Host ◽  
Potential Association ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Larval Host Plants

Thraumatagen. nov. is described to accommodate three South American species, two previously placed in Phuphena Walker, 1858, namely Thraumatapetrovna (Schaus, 1904), comb. nov. and Thraumatasubvenata (Schaus, 1914), comb. nov.; and one, Thraumataperuviensiasp. nov., newly described from Peru. Although the larval biology is unknown, these species share several features that suggest their placement in Eriopinae and, as a consequence, a potential association with ferns (Pteridophyta) as larval host plants.

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