scholarly journals Promoting Child Growth and Development in the Sustainable Development Goals Era: Is It Time for New Thinking?

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
France Bégin ◽  
Leslie Elder ◽  
Marcia Griffiths ◽  
Silvia Holschneider ◽  
Ellen Piwoz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Development ◽  
Child Nutrition ◽  
Child Growth ◽  
Growth Monitoring ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Implementation Challenges ◽  
Preventive Child Health Care ◽  
New Thinking ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Healthy Growth

ABSTRACT Growth monitoring and promotion (GMP) programs have been implemented worldwide for decades. Consistent evidence of their effectiveness is lacking and complicated by design and operational differences. Nevertheless, tracking child growth and development is a fundamental component of routine preventive child health care, and governments in 178 countries implement some form of GMP. This article makes the point that despite implementation challenges, there is a compelling need for GMP. It enables a crucial dialogue with families and communities about how to support the healthy growth and development of their children and can be a powerful tool for stimulating action and accountability for child nutrition and development at household, community, subnational, and national levels. We propose that GMP deserves a fresh rethink, with a paradigm shift that tailors GMP programs and activities for different development, geographic, and cultural contexts and considers how to optimize implementation for scalability.

Child nutrition

2018 ◽  
pp. 190-194
Author(s):  
Marly Cardoso ◽  
Jonathan Wells
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Child Nutrition ◽  
Intervention Strategies ◽  
Health Interventions ◽  
Global Burden ◽  
Public Health Interventions ◽  
Good Nutrition ◽  
Healthy Growth

The ‘first 1000 days of life’, covering conception to age two, is recognised as a critical period for the growth and development of young children. Evidence suggests that good nutrition in early life can help adults become taller, stronger, healthier, and more intelligent and, thus, more economically productive, with many benefits for the next generation as well. The concept of a ‘window of opportunity’ is essential for designing intervention strategies. However, how to promote healthy growth in the first 2–3 years, without provoking excess weight gain and adiposity, is a major challenge to public health policymakers. This chapter addresses the global burden of childhood under and over-nutrition, highlighting the main public health interventions for improving child nutrition.

scholarly journals Improving maternal and child nutrition in China: an analysis of nutrition policies and programs initiated during the 2000–2015 Millennium Development Goals era and implications for achieving the Sustainable Development Goals

2020 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Huang ◽  
Bo Yang ◽  
Qin Liu ◽  
Ruilin Zhang ◽  
Shenglan Tang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Program Implementation ◽  
Child Nutrition ◽  
Nutrition Intervention ◽  
Intervention Programs ◽  
Chinese Government ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Maternal And Child Nutrition ◽  
Nutrition Policies ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Policies And Programs

Abstract Background Although good progress was made in maternal and child nutrition during the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) era, malnutrition remains one of the major threats on global health. Therefore, the United Nation set several nutrition-related goals in the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). There is much to be learned from individual countries in terms of efforts and actions taken to reduce malnutrition. China, as a developing country, launched a number of nutrition improvement policies and programs that resulted in dramatic progress in improving maternal and child nutrition during the MDGs era. This study explored the impact, experiences, and lessons learned from the nutrition policies and programs initiated in China during the MDGs era and implications to achieve the SDGs for China and other developing countries. Method The CNKI database and official websites of Chinese government were searched for reviews on nutrition-related policies and intervention programs. A qualitative study was conducted among key informants from the Chinese government, non-governmental organizations (NGOs), and universities for two major national nutrition intervention programs. Results The literature review documented that during the MDGs era, six nutrition policies and eight trans-province and nationwide nutrition intervention programs collectively made good progress in improving maternal and child nutrition in China. Nutrition policies tended to be targeted at infants and children, with less attention on reproductive and maternal nutrition. Nutrition intervention programs focused primarily on undernutrition and have achieved positive results, while for breastfeeding improvement and prevention and control on overweight and obesity were limited. Results from the qualitative study indicated that effective nutrition program implementation was facilitated through the cooperation of multiple sectors and by the government and NGO partnerships, however, still face challenges of insufficient operational funds from local governments and inadequacy of program monitoring and management. Conclusion Nutrition policies and intervention programs promulgated in China during the MDGs era have made major contributions to the rapid decline of undernutrition and are in line to achieve the SDGs related to child wasting, stunting, low birth weight, and anemia in reproductive-age women. However, appropriate policies and program implementation are needed to improve exclusive breastfeeding rates and reduce obesity to achieve the SDGs in years to come.

scholarly journals How far are the metropolitan areas in Brazil from achieving the sustainable development goals? An analysis based on SDG dashboards

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernanda Silva Martinelli ◽  
André Lindner
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Sustainable Development Goals ◽  
Metropolitan Areas ◽  
National Level ◽  
Gender Inequalities ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Implementation Challenges ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
And Gender

AbstractCities comprise the major challenges for sustainable development and are key contributors to sustainability indicators in a country. However, research assessing sustainability performance often focuses on the national level, overlooking the role of urban areas. To evaluate the city performance toward a sustainable pathway, this paper proposes the sustainable development goals (SDGs) Dashboard for Brazilian Cities, with a comprehensive assessment of their specific challenges based on the SDG Index methodology (UNSDSN). The 19 country’s most populous metropolitan areas (MAs) were considered, which comprises 41% of the population. From 17 SDGs, this paper evaluates 8 of the 12 SDGs defined with a social and environmental profile, covering data from 34 indicators. Results show that all MAs have a long way to achieve most of the analyzed SDGs, especially regarding inequalities (income and gender). Inequalities of performance are also observed among the country into a clear north–south distinction, where the GDP richest regions perform better toward the SDGs. However, cities with a good performance in education (SDG 4) are less unequal (SDG 10), indicating interrelations between SDGs. Despite the inequalities, MAs are doing relatively well in reducing poverty (SDG 1) and providing water and sanitation (SDG 6). The SDG Dashboards for Brazilian Cities can be used as a framework for action and help urban leaders address implementation challenges across cities.

scholarly journals Transition in Childhood Malnutrition in India: Evidence from Various Cross-sectional Surveysconducted during 1998 to 2013

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Millennium Development Goals ◽  
Sustainable Development Goals ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Chronic Malnutrition ◽  
Childhood Malnutrition ◽  
Development Goals

Nutrition plays a significant role in growth and development of children. Progress in reducing malnutrition has been slower and more uneven, especially in developing countries. Reduction in chronic malnutrition among young children was one of the primary objectives of Millennium Development Goals (MDG). However, 162 million young children are still suffering from chronic malnutrition [1]. In 2014, an estimated 159 million children under five years of age globally were stunted, 50 million were wasted and 91 million children were underweight. About half of all stunted children lived in Asia and over one-third in Africa. Similarly, twothirds of all wasted children lived in Asia and almost one third in Africa [2]. Therefore, the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) also concentrate to end hunger, achieve food security, improve nutrition and promote sustainable agriculture (SDG-2) by 2030 [3].

scholarly journals Improving maternal and child nutrition in China: An analysis of nutrition policies and programs initiated during the 2000-2015 Millennium Development Goals era, and implications for achieving the Sustainable Development Goals

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Huang ◽  
Bo Yang ◽  
Qin Liu ◽  
Ruilin Zhang ◽  
Shenglan Tang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Program Implementation ◽  
Child Nutrition ◽  
Nutrition Intervention ◽  
Intervention Programs ◽  
Chinese Government ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Maternal And Child Nutrition ◽  
Nutrition Policies ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Policies And Programs

Abstract Background: Although good progress was made in maternal and child nutrition during the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) era, malnutrition remains one of the major threats on global health. Therefore, the United Nation set several nutrition-related goals in the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). There is much to be learned from individual countries in terms of efforts and actions taken to reduce malnutrition in order to achieve the nutrition-related SDGs. China as a developing country launched a number of nutrition improvement policies and programs, that resulted in dramatic progress in improving maternal and child nutrition during the MDGs era. This study explored the impact, experiences and lessons learned from nutrition policies and programs initiated in China during the MDGs era, and implications to achieve the SDGs for China and other developing countries. Method: The CNKI database and official websites of Chinese Government were searched for reviews on nutrition-related policies and intervention programs. A qualitative study was conducted among key informants from the Chinese government, Non-governmental Organizations (NGOs) and Universities for two major national nutrition intervention programs. Results: The literature review documented that during the MDGs six nutrition policies and eight trans-province and nationwide nutrition intervention programs collectively made good progress in improving maternal and child nutrition in China. Nutrition Policies tended to be targeted at infants and children, with less attention on reproductive and maternal nutrition. Nutrition intervention programs focused primarily on undernutrition and achieved positive results, while for breastfeeding improvement and prevention and control on overweight and obesity were limited. Results from the qualitative study indicated that effective nutrition program implementation was facilitated through cooperation of multiple sectors and by government and NGOs partnerships, however, still face challenges of insufficient local working funds, monitoring and inadequate management. Conclusion: Nutrition policies and intervention programs promulgated in China during the MDGs era made major contributions to the rapid decline of undernutrition, and are in line to achieve the SDGs related to child wasting, stunting, low birth weight and anemia in reproductive-age women. However, policies and program implementation are needed to improve exclusive breastfeeding rates and reduce obesity to achieve the SDGs.

scholarly journals Global Prevalence of Malnutrition: Evidence from Literature

Malnutrition ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natisha Dukhi
Keyword(s):  
Healthcare Costs ◽  
Life Stage ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Child Growth ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Noncommunicable Diseases ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Increase Productivity ◽  
Global Population

Malnutrition is a widespread problem, affecting the global population at some life stage. This public health epidemic targets everyone, but the most vulnerable groups are poverty-stricken people, young children, adolescents, older people, those who are with illness and have a compromised immune system, as well as lactating and pregnant women. Malnutrition includes both undernutrition (wasting, stunting, underweight, and mineral- and vitamin-related malnutrition) and overnutrition (overweight, obesity, and diet-related noncommunicable diseases). In combating malnutrition, healthcare costs increase, productivity is reduced, and economic growth is staggered, thus perpetuating the cycle of ill health and poverty. The best-targeted age for addressing malnutrition is the first 1000 days of life as this window period is ideal for intervention implementation and tracking for the improvement of child growth and development. There is an unprecedented opportunity to address the various forms of malnutrition, especially the 2016–2025 Decade of Action on Nutrition set by the United Nation. This aims to achieve the relevant targets of the Sustainable Development Goals that aim to end hunger and improve nutrition, as well as promote well-being and ensure healthy lives.

scholarly journals Case Report: Medical Aspect, Growth, and Quality of Life in Children with 46,XX Testicular Disorder of Sex Development (DSD)

2018 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 228
Author(s):  
Nur Rochmah ◽  
Muhammad Faizi ◽  
Irwina Rahma Andriani ◽  
Soraya Salle Pasulu
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Newborn Infants ◽  
Child Growth ◽  
Management Approach ◽  
Growth Monitoring ◽  
Gender Assignment ◽  
Sex Development ◽  
Disorder Of Sexual Development

46,XX testicular disorder of sexual development (DSD) is characterized by male phenotype with 46,XX karyotype. The incidence rate is 1:25,000 in male newborn. Infants with ambiguous external genitals will be confronted with issue of gender assigment and may result in a stressful condition in the parents. Since gender assignment is inevitable, several factors should be considered in DSD management. The management approach for children born with DSD is individualized and multidisciplinary. Gender assignment aims to facilitate the patient to obtain the best quality of life. Adaptation of children with 46,XX testicular DSD as a determinant of quality of life is also influenced by psychological and family conditions. The purpose of this report was to observe medical growth and development aspects of the child with 46,XX terticular DSD as indicated by the aspects of growth and development, and health related quality of life, as well as the influential aspects. PA, 18 months, was diagnosed with 46,XX testicular DSD. The patient routinely visited to endocrinology clinic, urologic surgery, and child psychiatry clinic from the age of 6 months. The parents decided to raise patient as male. The patient had undergone surgery for hypospadias correction, hormone injections, child growth monitoring, and psychological monitoring (medical records of  Dr. Soetomo Hospital, Surabaya in 2015). Management should consider individual and multidiciplinary accompaniment of the patient and parents, the importance of group support, and follow-up to adulthood, as well as possible longterm outcomes that will occur in the future so that the patients and the parents need to be prepared.

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