scholarly journals Improving maternal and child nutrition in China: An analysis of nutrition policies and programs initiated during the 2000-2015 Millennium Development Goals era, and implications for achieving the Sustainable Development Goals

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Huang ◽  
Bo Yang ◽  
Qin Liu ◽  
Ruilin Zhang ◽  
Shenglan Tang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Program Implementation ◽  
Child Nutrition ◽  
Nutrition Intervention ◽  
Intervention Programs ◽  
Chinese Government ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Maternal And Child Nutrition ◽  
Nutrition Policies ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Policies And Programs

Abstract Background: Although good progress was made in maternal and child nutrition during the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) era, malnutrition remains one of the major threats on global health. Therefore, the United Nation set several nutrition-related goals in the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). There is much to be learned from individual countries in terms of efforts and actions taken to reduce malnutrition in order to achieve the nutrition-related SDGs. China as a developing country launched a number of nutrition improvement policies and programs, that resulted in dramatic progress in improving maternal and child nutrition during the MDGs era. This study explored the impact, experiences and lessons learned from nutrition policies and programs initiated in China during the MDGs era, and implications to achieve the SDGs for China and other developing countries. Method: The CNKI database and official websites of Chinese Government were searched for reviews on nutrition-related policies and intervention programs. A qualitative study was conducted among key informants from the Chinese government, Non-governmental Organizations (NGOs) and Universities for two major national nutrition intervention programs. Results: The literature review documented that during the MDGs six nutrition policies and eight trans-province and nationwide nutrition intervention programs collectively made good progress in improving maternal and child nutrition in China. Nutrition Policies tended to be targeted at infants and children, with less attention on reproductive and maternal nutrition. Nutrition intervention programs focused primarily on undernutrition and achieved positive results, while for breastfeeding improvement and prevention and control on overweight and obesity were limited. Results from the qualitative study indicated that effective nutrition program implementation was facilitated through cooperation of multiple sectors and by government and NGOs partnerships, however, still face challenges of insufficient local working funds, monitoring and inadequate management. Conclusion: Nutrition policies and intervention programs promulgated in China during the MDGs era made major contributions to the rapid decline of undernutrition, and are in line to achieve the SDGs related to child wasting, stunting, low birth weight and anemia in reproductive-age women. However, policies and program implementation are needed to improve exclusive breastfeeding rates and reduce obesity to achieve the SDGs.

scholarly journals Improving maternal and child nutrition in China: an analysis of nutrition policies and programs initiated during the 2000–2015 Millennium Development Goals era and implications for achieving the Sustainable Development Goals

2020 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Huang ◽  
Bo Yang ◽  
Qin Liu ◽  
Ruilin Zhang ◽  
Shenglan Tang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Program Implementation ◽  
Child Nutrition ◽  
Nutrition Intervention ◽  
Intervention Programs ◽  
Chinese Government ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Maternal And Child Nutrition ◽  
Nutrition Policies ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Policies And Programs

Abstract Background Although good progress was made in maternal and child nutrition during the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) era, malnutrition remains one of the major threats on global health. Therefore, the United Nation set several nutrition-related goals in the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). There is much to be learned from individual countries in terms of efforts and actions taken to reduce malnutrition. China, as a developing country, launched a number of nutrition improvement policies and programs that resulted in dramatic progress in improving maternal and child nutrition during the MDGs era. This study explored the impact, experiences, and lessons learned from the nutrition policies and programs initiated in China during the MDGs era and implications to achieve the SDGs for China and other developing countries. Method The CNKI database and official websites of Chinese government were searched for reviews on nutrition-related policies and intervention programs. A qualitative study was conducted among key informants from the Chinese government, non-governmental organizations (NGOs), and universities for two major national nutrition intervention programs. Results The literature review documented that during the MDGs era, six nutrition policies and eight trans-province and nationwide nutrition intervention programs collectively made good progress in improving maternal and child nutrition in China. Nutrition policies tended to be targeted at infants and children, with less attention on reproductive and maternal nutrition. Nutrition intervention programs focused primarily on undernutrition and have achieved positive results, while for breastfeeding improvement and prevention and control on overweight and obesity were limited. Results from the qualitative study indicated that effective nutrition program implementation was facilitated through the cooperation of multiple sectors and by the government and NGO partnerships, however, still face challenges of insufficient operational funds from local governments and inadequacy of program monitoring and management. Conclusion Nutrition policies and intervention programs promulgated in China during the MDGs era have made major contributions to the rapid decline of undernutrition and are in line to achieve the SDGs related to child wasting, stunting, low birth weight, and anemia in reproductive-age women. However, appropriate policies and program implementation are needed to improve exclusive breastfeeding rates and reduce obesity to achieve the SDGs in years to come.

scholarly journals Improving maternal and child nutrition in China: An analysis of nutrition policies and programs initiated during the 2000-2015 Millennium Development Goals era and implications for achieving the Sustainable Development Goals

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Huang ◽  
Bo Yang ◽  
Qin Liu ◽  
Ruilin Zhang ◽  
Shenglan Tang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Program Implementation ◽  
Child Nutrition ◽  
Nutrition Intervention ◽  
Intervention Programs ◽  
Chinese Government ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Maternal And Child Nutrition ◽  
Nutrition Policies ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Policies And Programs

Abstract Background: Although good progress was made in maternal and child nutrition during the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) era, malnutrition remains one of the major threats on global health. Therefore, the United Nation set several nutrition-related goals in the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). There is much to be learned from individual countries in terms of efforts and actions taken to reduce malnutrition. China, as a developing country, launched a number of nutrition improvement policies and programs that resulted in dramatic progress in improving maternal and child nutrition during the MDGs era. This study explored the impact, experiences and lessons learned from the nutrition policies and programs initiated in China during the MDGs era, and implications to achieve the SDGs for China and other developing countries.Method: The CNKI database and official websites of Chinese government were searched for reviews on nutrition-related policies and intervention programs. A qualitative study was conducted among key informants from the Chinese government, Non-governmental Organizations (NGOs) and Universities for two major national nutrition intervention programs. Results: The literature review documented that during the MDGs era six nutrition policies and eight trans-province and nationwide nutrition intervention programs collectively made good progress in improving maternal and child nutrition in China. Nutrition policies tended to be targeted at infants and children, with less attention on reproductive and maternal nutrition. Nutrition intervention programs focused primarily on undernutrition and have achieved positive results, while for breastfeeding improvement and prevention and control on overweight and obesity were limited. Results from the qualitative study indicated that effective nutrition program implementation was facilitated through the cooperation of multiple sectors and by the government and NGOs partnerships, however, still face challenges of insufficient operational funds from local governments, and inadequacy of program monitoring and management. Conclusion: Nutrition policies and intervention programs promulgated in China during the MDGs era have made major contributions to the rapid decline of undernutrition, and are in line to achieve the SDGs related to child wasting, stunting, low birth weight and anemia in reproductive-age women. However, appropriate policies and program implementation are needed to improve exclusive breastfeeding rates and reduce obesity to achieve the SDGs in years to come.

scholarly journals Child Nutrition Trends Over the Past Two Decades and Challenges for Achieving Nutrition SDGs and National Targets in China

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 1129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bo Yang ◽  
Xin Huang ◽  
Qin Liu ◽  
Shenglan Tang ◽  
Mary Story ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Exclusive Breastfeeding ◽  
Child Nutrition ◽  
Sustainable Development Goals ◽  
Chinese Government ◽  
Predictive Values ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Child Stunting ◽  
The Past ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Children Under 5

Background: The objectives of the current study were to identify the trends in child nutrition, the gaps in achieving child nutrition-related goals, and implications for program and policy options for the Chinese government. Methods: Eight child nutrition-related indicators from the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and China’s national nutrition plans, and two datasets, Global Burden of Disease 2016 and Chinese National Nutrition and Health Surveillance, were used in our analysis. Results: Over the past 26 years, the prevalence of stunting, wasting, and underweight for children under 5 years was reduced by 58.7%, 53.4%, and 69.2%, respectively. Overweight for children aged 1–4 years increased 88.9% and obesity increased 2.14 times. Exclusive breastfeeding of newborns (7–28 days) was stable, at about 30%. We estimated child wasting would be 3.0% lower than the target of 5.0% based on predictive values for meeting the SDGs in 2025. The number of stunted children under five years would be reduced by 39.7%, while overweight would increase 2.2% throughout China. Conclusion: These results highlight the urgent need for targeted policies and interventions to reduce child stunting and overweight and increase exclusive breastfeeding to improve child health and meet the SDG targets and China’s national goals.

scholarly journals Promoting Child Growth and Development in the Sustainable Development Goals Era: Is It Time for New Thinking?

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
France Bégin ◽  
Leslie Elder ◽  
Marcia Griffiths ◽  
Silvia Holschneider ◽  
Ellen Piwoz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Development ◽  
Child Nutrition ◽  
Child Growth ◽  
Growth Monitoring ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Implementation Challenges ◽  
Preventive Child Health Care ◽  
New Thinking ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Healthy Growth

ABSTRACT Growth monitoring and promotion (GMP) programs have been implemented worldwide for decades. Consistent evidence of their effectiveness is lacking and complicated by design and operational differences. Nevertheless, tracking child growth and development is a fundamental component of routine preventive child health care, and governments in 178 countries implement some form of GMP. This article makes the point that despite implementation challenges, there is a compelling need for GMP. It enables a crucial dialogue with families and communities about how to support the healthy growth and development of their children and can be a powerful tool for stimulating action and accountability for child nutrition and development at household, community, subnational, and national levels. We propose that GMP deserves a fresh rethink, with a paradigm shift that tailors GMP programs and activities for different development, geographic, and cultural contexts and considers how to optimize implementation for scalability.

scholarly journals Breastfeeding-Friendly Policies And Programs In Selected Public Universities In Ghana

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fred Yao Gbagbo ◽  
Jacqueline Nkrumah
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Public Universities ◽  
Sustainable Development Goals ◽  
Cape Coast ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
University Campuses ◽  
Policy Program ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Policies And Programs ◽  
Childcare Policy

Abstract Background The United Nations through its Sustainable Development Goals 3 and 5 has championed Women empowerment for exclusive breastfeeding through various action plans and expected the concept to be decentralized through locally mandatory implementation of various institutional policies and programs in member Countries. Using Kabeer’s empowerment concept, the authors in this paper assessed the availability and implementation of breastfeeding policies and programs in selected public universities in Ghana. MethodsThe study design was an integration of descriptive, exploratory, and case study using an unstructured interview guide developed by the authors for qualitative data collection. Thematic analysis of data on breastfeeding experiences was done yielding three main categories (breastfeeding policy and programs, support, and views on breastfeeding) emerged during data analysis. The in-depth interviews of respondents lasted 60 minutes. The University of Cape-Coast Ethics Review Board gave ethical approval for the study. ResultsAlthough Ghana has ascribed to various international conventions on childcare and developed policies enshrined in its labour law to support breastfeeding, none of the universities in this study has a formal breastfeeding/childcare policy/program and there are no future policy plans for on-campus facilities to enhance breastfeeding. Financial cost emerged as a major challenge hindering the universities from implementing a policy/program in this regard, hence nursing mothers continue to make personal but challenging arrangements for breastfeeding on university campuses.Conclusions The finding that formal breastfeeding-friendly policy/program was unavailable in the various universities in Ghana reflects negative implications for childcare, hence achieving the Sustainable Development Goals 3 and 5 in Ghana. The authors recommend formal breastfeeding-friendly policies/programs as a criterion for accreditation of universities in Ghana to enhance childcare.

scholarly journals Tackling Zero Hunger: A View from Experts

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
E Kennedy ◽  
A Jafari ◽  
K Stamoulis ◽  
K Callens
Keyword(s):  
Food Insecurity ◽  
The European Union ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Country Level ◽  
Key Informant ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Policies And Programs ◽  
Zero Hunger ◽  
Global Agreement ◽  
Social Safety Nets

The sustainable development goals (SDGs) represent a global agreement on priorities for health, environment, social and economic development (UN, 2016). SDG2 – zero hunger – explicitly addresses food insecurity, malnutrition in all its forms and sustainable agriculture. Countries are pursuing a range of policies and programs to achieve the targets embedded in SDG2. The European Union has invested in 66 countries under the FIRST program (Food Insecurity Impact, Resilience, Sustainability, and Transformation); 24 of the FIRST countries are priorities for EU investments. In 2019, FAO was asked by the EU to conduct a stocktaking exercise for the 24 priority FIRST countries to ascertain, to date, the progress in addressing SDG2. The stocktaking involved four related activities: 1. Country diagnostic reports 2. Literature Review of articles relevant to food security, nutrition, agriculture, social safety nets, gender and political economy 3. Quantitative analyses 4. Key informant interviews. Details on the results of 1, 2 and 3 can be found in a companion publication (Kennedy et al, 2020). The purpose of the key informant interviews was to capture experiential evidence that is often not adequately captured in journal articles. The interviews provided a “boots on the ground” perspective that helped elucidate the challenges at the country level in implementing policies and programs targeting SDG2. The purpose of this paper is to summarize the information provided by thought leaders involved in various aspects of SDG2 in 24 FIRST countries.

scholarly journals Assessing program sustainability of two community‐based child nutrition intervention programs in the Peruvian rural highlands

2011 ◽  
Vol 25 (S1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sunny S. Kim ◽  
Hilary Creed‐Kanashiro ◽  
Rosario Bartolini ◽  
Mark A. Constas ◽  
Jean‐Pierre Habicht ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Child Nutrition ◽  
Nutrition Intervention ◽  
Intervention Programs ◽  
Program Sustainability ◽  
Community Based

scholarly journals Nutritional Policies and Anaemia Among Under-five Children in Selected South Asian Countries: 1950-2016

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanumant Waghmare ◽  
Nasim Ahamed Mondal
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
South Asian ◽  
Data Repository ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Future Evolution ◽  
Nutrition Policies ◽  
Observatory Data ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Asian Context ◽  
Policies And Programs

Abstract This study provides an understanding between the nutrition policies and nutritional status of under-5 children in South Asian countries. It gives an overview of nutrition policies and actions taken to improve the nutritional status of under-5 children in the South Asian context, focusing on Bangladesh, India, Nepal and Pakistan. The efforts were taken to understand the legislative actions and children's nutritional status in these countries and their past efforts to deal with anemia. To execute the efforts, data has been taken from the Global Health Observatory Data Repository (GHODR), Demographic Health Survey (DHS) and reviews some of the critical interventions in nutrition within the different countries and draws out several issues that bear on these policies' future evolution. The findings show Around 57.3 percent in India, 40 percent in Bangladesh, 43 percent in Nepal and 59 percent in Pakistan under-5 children were found anaemic in 2016. There are 33 percentage, 31 percent, 20 percent and 12 percent points reduction took place in 26 years between 1990 and 2016 in Bangladesh Nepal, India and Pakistan respectively. The low anemia prevalence was observed in Bangladesh and Nepal despite fewer policies and programs than in India and Pakistan which manifests quality of policy is more important rather than quantity of policy. The findings show that the growth of nutrition policies and the program has a slow pace but positively affects anemia among the under-5 children in South Asian countries. To eradicate anemia among the children and to achieve Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), India and Pakistan need to take a policy lesson from the neighboring countries. This study suggests that National Nutrition Program requires inter-sectoral coordination between major Ministries within countries to get required level success within limited time.

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