scholarly journals Integrating Probability and Nonprobability Samples for Survey Inference

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 120-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arkadiusz Wiśniowski ◽  
Joseph W Sakshaug ◽  
Diego Andres Perez Ruiz ◽  
Annelies G Blom
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Linear Model ◽  
Survey Data ◽  
Simulated Data ◽  
Empirical Literature ◽  
Informative Priors ◽  
Small Probability ◽  
Prior Distributions ◽  
Probability Sampling ◽  
Mean Squared Errors

Abstract Survey data collection costs have risen to a point where many survey researchers and polling companies are abandoning large, expensive probability-based samples in favor of less expensive nonprobability samples. The empirical literature suggests this strategy may be suboptimal for multiple reasons, among them that probability samples tend to outperform nonprobability samples on accuracy when assessed against population benchmarks. However, nonprobability samples are often preferred due to convenience and costs. Instead of forgoing probability sampling entirely, we propose a method of combining both probability and nonprobability samples in a way that exploits their strengths to overcome their weaknesses within a Bayesian inferential framework. By using simulated data, we evaluate supplementing inferences based on small probability samples with prior distributions derived from nonprobability data. We demonstrate that informative priors based on nonprobability data can lead to reductions in variances and mean squared errors for linear model coefficients. The method is also illustrated with actual probability and nonprobability survey data. A discussion of these findings, their implications for survey practice, and possible research extensions are provided in conclusion.

scholarly journals Spatially and temporally distributed data foraging decisions in disciplinary field science

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina G. Wilson ◽  
Feifei Qian ◽  
Douglas J. Jerolmack ◽  
Sonia Roberts ◽  
Jonathan Ham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Simulated Data ◽  
Environmental Data ◽  
Distributed Data ◽  
Field Science ◽  
In Situ Data ◽  
Disciplinary Field ◽  
Variable Space ◽  
Query Selection ◽  
Fitting Error

AbstractHow do scientists generate and weight candidate queries for hypothesis testing, and how does learning from observations or experimental data impact query selection? Field sciences offer a compelling context to ask these questions because query selection and adaptation involves consideration of the spatiotemporal arrangement of data, and therefore closely parallels classic search and foraging behavior. Here we conduct a novel simulated data foraging study—and a complementary real-world case study—to determine how spatiotemporal data collection decisions are made in field sciences, and how search is adapted in response to in-situ data. Expert geoscientists evaluated a hypothesis by collecting environmental data using a mobile robot. At any point, participants were able to stop the robot and change their search strategy or make a conclusion about the hypothesis. We identified spatiotemporal reasoning heuristics, to which scientists strongly anchored, displaying limited adaptation to new data. We analyzed two key decision factors: variable-space coverage, and fitting error to the hypothesis. We found that, despite varied search strategies, the majority of scientists made a conclusion as the fitting error converged. Scientists who made premature conclusions, due to insufficient variable-space coverage or before the fitting error stabilized, were more prone to incorrect conclusions. We found that novice undergraduates used the same heuristics as expert geoscientists in a simplified version of the scenario. We believe the findings from this study could be used to improve field science training in data foraging, and aid in the development of technologies to support data collection decisions.

Enhancing Survey Data Collection Among Youth and Adults

2004 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 255-265 ◽  
Author(s):  
JAMES A. BOBULA ◽  
LORI S. ANDERSON ◽  
SUSAN K. RIESCH ◽  
JANIE CANTY-MITCHELL ◽  
ANGELA DUNCAN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Survey Data

scholarly journals MODEL RANGSANG TANGGAPAN KONSUMEN MAHASISWA DI BENGKALIS

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Yunelly Asra
Keyword(s):  
Survey Data ◽  
Consumer Response ◽  
Probability Sampling ◽  
Observational Techniques

Absract  :This  study  aims  to  determine  the  model  of  marketing  stimuli  for consumers teenagers, especially students in Bengkalis by the response they give the market encouragement that they received. Data collected in a non-probability sampling of 245 respondents with methods survey. Data collected through questionnaires  with  observational  techniques.  The  results  showed  that  the tendency of the responses given to the marketing stimuli is low. This is caused they are already accustomed to stimuli that exist today , they will be difficult to accept when there are new stimuli. Keywords: Marketing Stimuli, Consumer Response

scholarly journals PERSEPSI PEMILIH PEMULA TERHADAP KINERJA PEYELENGGARA PEMILU PRESIDEN TAHUN 2014

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Solihin ◽  
Tree Setiawan Pamungkas ◽  
Jhon Roi Tua Purba
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Survey Data ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
General Election ◽  
Electoral Institutions ◽  
Research Survey ◽  
Level Of Confidence ◽  
Election Results

The rapid population of beginner voters in Indonesia than in 2004-2009 should be a calculation in influencing election results. Perception of beginner voters on the performance of electoral institutions in a sense it is important to be discussed because of the independence and professionalism an important factor general election success.This study uses the quantitative research survey. Data collection techniques by questionnaire. The sampling technique is done with strafied random sampling technique. The survey conducted on students at nine universities in YogyakartaResults from this study: First, Knowledge voters on electoral institutions. Voters who do not know Bawaslu that as many as 49.7 percent of respondents. As for the KPU as much as 65.1 percent of voters know; Second, the level of confidence in electoral institutions quite good 57.2 percent of voters believe; Third, the perception of the neutrality of electoral institutions 50.5 percent; and Fourth, the Electoral Institute of Professionalism 48.1 percent of voters declared "professional"; and Fifth, Satisfaction with the performance of the KPU was satisfied only 44.4 percent, while 40.5 percent expressed "not satisfied.In conclusion the perception of beginner voters on the performance of electoral institutions KPU and Bawaslu overall is still relatively low and should be increased by way of socialization to voters. Keywords: general election, performance of electoral institutions, beginner voters, voter perceptions Pesatnya populasi pemilih pemula di Indonesia dari tahun 2004-2009patut menjadi perhitungan dalam mempengaruhi hasil Pemilu. Persepsi pemilih pemula terhadap kinerja peyelenggara Pemilu di rasa penting untuk di bahas dikarenakan independensi dan profesionalitas peyelenggara merupakan faktor penting keberhasilan peyelenggaraanPemilu.Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kuantitatif yakni survei. Teknik pengumpulan data dengan kuesioner. Teknik pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan teknik strafied random sampling. Survei dilakukan terhadap mahasiswa di 9 perguruan tinggi di DIY.Hasil dari penelitian ini: Pertama, Pengetahuan pemilih terhadap lembaga penyelenggara pemilihan umum.pemilih pemula yang tidak mengetahui Bawaslu yakni sebanyak 49,7 persen responden. Sedangkan untuk KPU sebanyak 65,1 persen pemilih pemula mengetahui; Kedua, Tingkat kepercayaan terhadap lembaga peyelenggara pemilihan umum cukup baik 57,2 persen pemilih pemula percaya; Ketiga, Persepsi terhadap netralitas lembaga penyelenggara pemilihan umum 50,5 persen; dan Keempat, Profesionalisme Lembaga Pemilu 48,1 persen pemilih pemula menyatakan “professional”.; dan Kelima, Kepuasan terhadap kinerja KPU menyatakan puas hanya 44,4 persen sedangkan 40,5 persen lainnya menyatakan “tidak puas”.Kesimpulannya persepsi pemilih pemula terhadap kinerja peyelenggaraan pemilu yakni KPU dan Bawaslu secara keseluruhan masih tergolong rendah dan harus dilakukan peningkatan dengan cara sosialisasi terhadap pemilih pemula. Kata Kunci: pemilihan umum, pemilih pemula, persepsi pemilih, kinerja peyelenggara pemilu

La ricerca di uno schema concettuale e di una metodologia appropriati per affrontare le sfide generate dalla dinamica tecno-economica

2021 ◽  
pp. 89-111
Author(s):  
Mauro Lombardi
Keyword(s):  
Linear Model ◽  
Innovation Systems ◽  
Strategic Thinking ◽  
Empirical Literature ◽  
National Innovation Systems ◽  
Innovative Strategies ◽  
Conceptual Frame ◽  
Innovation Processes

In this chapter, first three traditional frames centered on innovation processes and innovative strategies are analyzed: Linear Model, National Innovation Systems, Evolutonary Approach to the analysis of economic processes. The reasons that lead us to seek a new conceptual frame, which we define adaptive strategic thinking on the basis of a theoretical and empirical literature, are explained.

Advancing the Study of Comparative Public Policy

2019 ◽  
pp. 391-398
Author(s):  
Frank R. Baumgartner ◽  
Christian Breunig ◽  
Emiliano Grossman
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Survey Data ◽  
Political Behavior ◽  
Comparative Public Policy ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
The Many ◽  
Media Data

The concluding chapter emphasizes several central points and contributions of the book. It first provides a summary of the extent of the emerging infrastructure that the Comparative Agendas Project (CAP) has developed. It shows the many possibilities provided by this infrastructure, as illustrated by the comparative chapters in the volume. The chapter goes to discuss the achievements in terms of data collection and comparability. Finally, the chapter explores possible future directions of research for the CAP and, beyond, the field of comparative public policy. In particular, it could positively contribute to the study of the consequence of differences in bureaucratic structures. Similarly, the inclusion of media data has opened up new possibilities that have only just started to be explored. Finally, the study of “responsiveness” and its consequences for political behavior could also benefit from crossing, say, survey data with CAP data.

Where Are They Now?

2020 ◽  
pp. 57-91
Author(s):  
Melinda Lundquist Denton ◽  
Richard Flory
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Emerging Adults ◽  
Survey Data ◽  
Religious Traditions ◽  
Religious Lives ◽  
Survey Responses ◽  
Changes Over Time ◽  
Over Time

Building on the foundation laid in Chapter 2, this chapter focuses specifically on the religious lives of emerging adults. Survey responses from multiple waves of data collection are used to show changes over time. The chapter focuses on change and continuity in the religious lives of emerging adults, while also showing how different religious traditions have fared in terms of influencing the lives of emerging adults. Taken together, the survey data show an overarching story of decline; yet under the surface there is movement both toward and away from religion.

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