Spinal Cord Tumor

2018 ◽  
pp. 149-158
Author(s):  
Michael A. Galgano ◽  
Jared Fridley ◽  
Ziya Gokaslan
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Nerve Root ◽  
Spinal Cord Tumor ◽  
Mass Effect ◽  
Cord Compression ◽  
En Bloc ◽  
Intradural Extramedullary ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Motor Root ◽  
Sensory Root

Most intradural extramedullary tumors are histologically benign. The three most common intradural extramedullary tumors encountered are meningiomas, schwannomas, and neurofibromas. Excision of intradural meningiomas can be achieved via an en bloc fashion by utilizing a split-thickness durotomy or by ultrasonic aspiration and piecemeal removal. Patients often become symptomatic from spinal cord compression earlier than mass effect upon the brain. Therefore, surgical resection may be undertaken before pial penetration occurs. Neurofibromas commonly arise as a fusiform enlargement of the nerve, making it necessary to sacrifice the root during excision of the tumor. Schwannomas arise from the nerve root of origin, which is usually a nonfunctional dorsal sensory root that can be sacrificed; there is always a corresponding nerve root, which is typically a functional ventral motor root, that needs to be dissected off the tumor.

Resection of 2 Intradural Extramedullary Cervical Spine Tumors in a Patient With Neurofibromatosis Type 2: 3-Dimensional Operative Video

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 274-274
Author(s):  
Simone E Dekker ◽  
Chad A Glenn ◽  
Thomas A Ostergard ◽  
Osmond C Wu ◽  
Fernando Alonso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Cervical Spine ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Tumor Resection ◽  
Neurofibromatosis Type ◽  
Cord Compression ◽  
Neurofibromatosis Type 2 ◽  
3 Dimensional ◽  
Intradural Extramedullary

Abstract This 3-dimensional operative video illustrates resection of 2 cervical spine schwannomas in a 19-yr-old female with neurofibromatosis type 2. The patient presented with lower extremity hyperreflexity and hypertonicity. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) demonstrated 2 contrast-enhancing intradural extramedullary cervical spine lesions causing spinal cord compression at C4 and C5. The patient underwent a posterior cervical laminoplasty with a midline dural opening for tumor resection. Curvilinear spine cord compression is demonstrated in the operative video. After meticulous dissection, the tumors were resected without complication. The dural closure was performed in watertight fashion followed by laminoplasty using osteoplastic titanium miniplates and screws. Postoperative MRI demonstrated gross total resection with excellent decompression of the spinal cord. The postoperative course was uneventful. The natural history of this disease, treatment options, and potential complications are discussed.

Evaluation of Cervical Spine Surgery by Postoperative Myelography

Neurosurgery ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 416-421 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles A. Fager
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Cervical Spine ◽  
Nerve Root ◽  
Spontaneous Remission ◽  
Cord Compression ◽  
Cervical Disc ◽  
Nerve Root Compression ◽  
Cervical Fusion ◽  
Cervical Spine Surgery ◽  
Cervical Spine Fusion

Abstract After spontaneous remission of nerve root compression, a myelographic defect may persist. Similarly, myelopathy may remain nonprogressive for long periods despite appreciable myelographic deformity. Although operation may arrest or improve the symptoms of cervical disc lesions and spondylosis, the ultimate confirmation that entrapped neural elements have been relieved permanently can only be provided by postoperative myelography. Preoperative and postoperative myelography documents the significant improvement that can be achieved by using posterolateral and posterior approaches to the cervical spine in patients with nerve root or spinal cord compression. The results in this group of patients were achieved with none of the disadvantages or complications of cervical spine fusion or of the interbody removal of cervical disc tissue, also leading to cervical fusion.

Removal of an Anterior Spinal Dermoid Cyst with Fenestra Corpectomy in Klippel-Feil Syndrome: Technical Case Report

Neurosurgery ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 53 (5) ◽  
pp. 1230-1234 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Alper Kaya ◽  
Osman Türkmenoğlu ◽  
Türker Dalkılıç ◽  
Yunus Aydın
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Dermoid Cyst ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Spinal Cord Tumor ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Computed Tomographic ◽  
Experienced Pain ◽  
Intradural Extramedullary ◽  
Control Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Cervical Spine Tumor

Abstract OBJECTIVE AND IMPORTANCE A spinal cord tumor occurring in association with Klippel-Feil syndrome is quite rare. The removal of an anteriorly located spinal cord tumor at the level of block vertebrae creates a surgical challenge. CLINICAL PRESENTATION A case of an intradural extramedullary dermoid cyst located anterior to the spinal cord and a syringomyelic cavity at the level of block vertebrae in a 43-year-old woman with Klippel-Feil syndrome is presented. She experienced pain and numbness in both shoulders and in her neck, and she had a slight weakness in both arms before the operation. Her weakness and the clinical symptoms completely disappeared after the operation, and the resolution of the syringomyelic cavity was observed at control magnetic resonance imaging. INTERVENTION An anterior approach creating a fenestra corpectomy to the block vertebrae was performed, and the tumor was removed totally. No fusion or fixation was performed. CONCLUSION To our knowledge, this is the first report of an anteriorly located intradural extramedullary cervical spine tumor in association with Klippel-Feil syndrome treated with this surgical technique. A three-dimensional computed tomographic control scan obtained 1 year after the operation did not show any instability.

scholarly journals Cervical 7-Thoracic 3 Laminoplasty for Resection of Arteriovenous Malformation: 2-Dimensional Operative Video

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. E3-E4
Author(s):  
Benjamin K Hendricks ◽  
Robert F Spetzler
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Video Recording ◽  
Mass Effect ◽  
Feeding Artery ◽  
Pia Mater ◽  
Institutional Review ◽  
Signal Change ◽  
Spinal Arteriovenous Malformations ◽  
Intradural Extramedullary ◽  
Vascular Steal

Abstract Symptomatic spinal arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are most frequently associated with hypoperfusion of the spinal cord, either from venous congestion or vascular steal, and are less frequently associated with hemorrhage. This patient had a large cervicothoracic spinal AVM and presented with right hemibody sensory deficit with intact motor function. The AVM had significant preoperative mass effect on the dorsal spinal cord with cord signal change. Preoperative digital subtraction angiography demonstrated a left supreme intercostal feeding artery and left thyrocervical feeding artery, which was embolized preoperatively. A laminoplasty was performed from cervical 7 to thoracic 3 to allow for adequate visualization. The lesion demonstrated an intradural extramedullary presence, which made preservation of the pia mater paramount during the resection. The AVM was disconnected and removed in its entirety as determined by operative visualization and postoperative imaging. The patient gave informed consent for surgery and video recording. Institutional review board approval was deemed unnecessary. Used with permission from Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, Arizona.

scholarly journals Intramedullary spinal cord tumor resection

2012 ◽  
Vol 33 (Suppl1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Mari L. Groves ◽  
Patricia L. Zadnik ◽  
Pablo F. Recinos ◽  
Violette Renard ◽  
George I. Jallo
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Tumor ◽  
Tumor Resection ◽  
Progression Free Survival ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
High Definition ◽  
En Bloc ◽  
Intramedullary Spinal Cord ◽  
Free Survival ◽  
Intramedullary Spinal Cord Tumor

The authors present a case of a 27-year-old patient who presented with spastic gait and worsening difficulty walking over a 6 month period. Spinal MR imaging revealed a heterogeneously enhancing intramedullary spinal cord tumor (IMSCT) with associated syrinx in the cervical spine. The lesion was resected through posterior en bloc laminotomy, durotomy, and microscopic resection of the intramedullary component followed by laminoplasty reconstruction. Surgical resections with a goal of gross total resection can significantly improve overall survival and progression free survival in patients with low-grade IMSCT. The procedure is presented in an edited, high-definition format with accompanying narrative. The video can be found here: http://youtu.be/Ui9bn82PtP8.

Spinal cord compression due to intradural extramedullary aspergilloma and cyst: A case report

1989 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 315-318 ◽  
Author(s):  
George Cravens ◽  
Hugh Robertson ◽  
Charles Banta ◽  
Carlos Garcia ◽  
Pamela Neville
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Spinal Cord Compression ◽  
Cord Compression ◽  
Intradural Extramedullary

scholarly journals Spinal Cord Compression Secondary to Extramedullary Hematopoiese in a Patient with a Beta-Thalassemia

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Compression ◽  
Mass Effect ◽  
Myeloproliferative Disorders ◽  
Extramedullary Hematopoiesis ◽  
Cord Compression ◽  
Neurological Deficits ◽  
Beta Thalassemia ◽  
Spleen And Lymph Nodes ◽  
Upper Thoracic

Extramedullary hematopoiesis (EMH) is a rare cause of spinal cord compression (SCC). EMH represents the growth of blood cells outside of the bone marrow and occurs in a variety of hematologic illnesses, including various types of anemia and myeloproliferative disorders. Although EMH usually occurs in the liver, spleen, and lymph nodes, it may also occur within the spinal canal. When this occurs, the mass effect can compress the spinal cord, potentially leading to the development of neurological deficits. We present a case of SCC secondary to EMH. Our patient is a 26-year-old male with beta-thalassemia who presented with both upper thoracic and lower extremity symptoms of spinal cord compression. This report illustrates the importance of considering EMH in the differential diagnosis of SCC, even in the absence of signs of its most common etiologies.

scholarly journals Spinal cord compression by multiple cysticercosis

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 94
Author(s):  
Sebastian Lopez ◽  
Franklin Santillan ◽  
Juan Jose Diaz ◽  
Pedro Mogrovejo
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Compression ◽  
Parasitic Infection ◽  
Cord Compression ◽  
Health Policies ◽  
Benign Condition ◽  
Public Health Policies ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Intradural Extramedullary ◽  
One Year

Background: Neurocysticercosis (NCC) is the most common parasitic infection involving the central nervous system in endemic areas. Notably, spinal involvement occurs in only 0.7%–3% of patients. Case Description: A 58-year-old female presented with progressive spinal cord compression attributed to multiple cystic intradural extramedullary thoracic lesions. She underwent laminectomy at two separate thoracic levels; this involved excision of the upper T4–T6, and just exploration of the lower T9–T11 lesions. One year postoperatively, she exhibited a residual paraparesis. Conclusion: Spinal NCC must be considered among the differential diagnostic considerations for patients presenting with spinal intramedullary or subarachnoid/extramedullary cystic lesions. Although they are typically found in endemic regions, those who have traveled to these locations are also susceptible. Even though it is considered a benign condition, spinal NCC may cause permanent and irreversible neurological damage. Public health policies should, therefore, be developed to help control the spread and transmission of NCC.

scholarly journals Intradural Extramedullary Tumor Causing Compression of the Thoracic and Lumbar Vertebrae in a 22-year-old Male with Acute Myeloid Leukemia

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronna Cheska V. De Leon ◽  
Camille Ariadne C. Tanchanco ◽  
Ma. Angelina L. Mirasol ◽  
Joven Jeremius Q. Tanchuco
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Lumbar Vertebrae ◽  
Cord Compression ◽  
Myeloid Sarcoma ◽  
Myelogenous Leukemia ◽  
Monocytic Differentiation ◽  
Extramedullary Tumor ◽  
Acute Myelogenous ◽  
Immature Myeloid Cells ◽  
Intradural Extramedullary

Myeloid sarcoma, characterized by the presence of immature myeloid cells occurring at an extramedullary site, is a rare manifestation of acute myelogenous leukemia (AML). Spinal cord compression as an initial presentation of AML is very rare with only a few reported cases. We discuss a case of a 22-year-old male who presented with bicytopenia and paraplegia. Workups were consistent with AML with monocytic differentiation. Chromosomal analysis revealed loss of Y and t (8;21). Spinal cord MRI showed intradural extramedullary-enhancing soft tissue lesions at levels T2 to T7 and L5 to S1, suspected to be myeloid sarcoma. Patient, however, succumbed to severe nosocomial infection prior to initiation of chemotherapy and radiotherapy.

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