Psychiatric ethics and the professions

2021 ◽  
pp. 121-142
Author(s):  
Margaret M. Coady
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Social Factors ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Code Of Ethics ◽  
Codes Of Ethics ◽  
First Century ◽  
High Status ◽  
Relative Autonomy ◽  
Rapid Communication ◽  
Zealand College

The chapter provides a critical analysis of past understandings of the characteristics of professions. Many of these characteristics have lost meaning in the twenty-first century. High status has been diminished partly by professionals’ betrayal of the values they expound, but partly also by social factors such as rapid communication of information and changed understanding of the nature of knowledge, both of which have led to general scepticism about expertise. Professionals’ previous relative autonomy is challenged by government intervention and by the fact that more professionals are employed in large organizations where managers are the power centres. The chapter argues for a ‘new professionalism’ and takes two principles from the Code of Ethics of the Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Psychiatry to demonstrate how carefully deliberated codes of ethics can enunciate the particular values which the professions contribute in a well-functioning society.

Developing a Code of Ethics for Psychiatry: The Australasian Experience

1994 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 188-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Russell Pargiter ◽  
Sidney Bloch
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Code Of Ethics ◽  
Ethics Committee ◽  
Research Practice ◽  
Professional Work ◽  
Zealand College ◽  
The Many

The first ever code of ethics of the Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Psychiatrists was promulgated in 1992. In this paper two of the four members of the College's Ethics Committee (which prepared the document) describe the code's provenance and the procedure used to determine its form and content. The code, a milestone in the College's history, reflects its maturity in confronting the many ethical issues with which psychiatrists have to wrestle in contemporary clinical (and research) practice. We hope that our account will assist them to deal effectively with this pivotal aspect of their professional work.

Revising the Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Psychiatrists code of ethics

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 456-459
Author(s):  
Sidney Bloch ◽  
Felicity Kenn ◽  
Geoffrey Smith
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Code Of Ethics ◽  
Professional Relationships ◽  
Multiple Perspectives ◽  
Persons With Disabilities ◽  
External Stakeholders ◽  
Patient Partnership ◽  
Zealand College ◽  
United Nations Convention ◽  
Advocacy Role

Objectives: To describe the process adopted by the Committee for Professional Practice (CPP) of the Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Psychiatrists (RANZCP) in devising the 5th edition of its code of ethics and to outline principal changes. Methods: CPP members planned, scrutinised and documented the steps taken in preparing the new edition. Results: The process, following that used in all previous updates of the code and which had proved effective and productive on each occasion, comprised consultations with RANZCP committees and relevant external stakeholders. Canvasing the views of so many groups was regarded as essential to ensure that multiple perspectives were considered and any bias of the CPP avoided. The United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD) was examined with two aims: promoting a robust clinician and patient partnership, and acknowledging the psychiatrist’s advocacy role. The psychiatrist’s duty to be alert to colleagues’ wellbeing and to safeguard respectful professional relationships was highlighted. Conclusions: A comprehensive, rigorous and established review process occurred and was carefully documented resulting in a sound and contemporary revision of the code of ethics. RANZCP members will be duty-bound to adhere to, and apply, the code to optimise their ethical standards.

The 30th anniversary of the code of ethics of the Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Psychiatrists–a worthy milestone

2022 ◽  
pp. 103985622110578
Author(s):  
Lim Izaak ◽  
Felicity Kenn ◽  
Sidney Bloch
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Code Of Ethics ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Ethical Standards ◽  
Revision Procedure ◽  
Zealand College

Objective To appraise the evolution of the RANZCP’s Code of Ethics on the occasion of its 30th anniversary. Method We scrutinised its five editions, focussing on the revision procedure and changes made, and reviewed relevant literature. Results The procedure of revision has remained constant: incorporating feedback from college members, committees and faculties, and consulting professional medical bodies and mental health advocacy organisations. Seven major themes of change have emerged with respect to patient exploitation, recognition of family and carers, the special place of Indigenous Peoples, confidentiality, engaging patients in decision-making, multidisciplinary collaboration and the well-being of psychiatrists. Conclusions The code has proved to be a dynamic instrument in keeping abreast of changes in psychiatry and society, and promises to maintain a prominent role in promoting high ethical standards in the profession.

Effectiveness of Programs for the Prevention of Child Sexual Abuse

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amaia Del Campo ◽  
Marisalva Fávero
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Prevention Programs ◽  
The United States ◽  
Sexual Abuse Prevention ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Methodological Considerations

Abstract. During the last decades, several studies have been conducted on the effectiveness of sexual abuse prevention programs implemented in different countries. In this article, we present a review of 70 studies (1981–2017) evaluating prevention programs, conducted mostly in the United States and Canada, although with a considerable presence also in other countries, such as New Zealand and the United Kingdom. The results of these studies, in general, are very promising and encourage us to continue this type of intervention, almost unanimously confirming its effectiveness. Prevention programs encourage children and adolescents to report the abuse experienced and they may help to reduce the trauma of sexual abuse if there are victims among the participants. We also found that some evaluations have not considered the possible negative effects of this type of programs in the event that they are applied inappropriately. Finally, we present some methodological considerations as critical analysis to this type of evaluations.

A Comparative Study of the State of Ethics in Youth Work Practice in Jamaica, Australia, New Zealand and the United Kingdom

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cleopatra Monique Parkins
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Code Of Ethics ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Work Practice ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Youth Work ◽  
Youth Workers ◽  
Ethical Practices ◽  
The United Kingdom

Even though youth work has played a critical role in fostering the holistic development of today’s youth, much controversy has surrounded the practice. Nevertheless, youth workers are slowly being accorded professional status, and a code of ethics has been developed in some jurisdictions. Some states are still to adopt this code; consequently the credibility of youth workers and the sector in general sway with the wind. This article presents a comparative analysis of ethical practices of youth work in Jamaica, Australia, New Zealand and the United Kingdom, examining current trends in observing ethics and addressing ethical issues. In the case of Jamaica, the researcher used the non-probability convenience sampling technique and collected primary data from a questionnaire administered to a sample of youth workers. The perspective of the ministerial arm responsible for youth work in Jamaica was also captured through an interview. In the case of Australia, New Zealand and the United Kingdom, the framework of the profession and specifically matters pertaining to ethical practices were examined through the use of secondary data sources, which included reports on youth work practices in the selected countries. A mixed methodology was employed in analysing the data collected. The major findings of this study confirmed that advancing youth work as a profession is dependent on the acceptance and integration of a formal code of ethics, that youth workers must receive training on ethics and that a national youth work policy is important to guide youth work practice. In accordance with the findings, the researcher makes a number of recommendations and highlights notable best practices that may help with the overall professionalisation of the sector.

System Justification or Social Dominance? A Multilevel Test of the Ideological Motivators of Perceived Discrimination

2021 ◽  
pp. 014616722110360
Author(s):  
Joaquín Bahamondes ◽  
Chris G. Sibley ◽  
Danny Osborne
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Social Dominance ◽  
Perceived Discrimination ◽  
Social Dominance Orientation ◽  
System Justification ◽  
Societal Implications ◽  
Reverse Discrimination ◽  
High Status ◽  
Majority Group ◽  
Group Members

Although system-justifying beliefs often mitigate perceptions of discrimination, status-based asymmetries in the ideological motivators of perceived discrimination are unknown. Because the content and societal implications of discrimination claims are status-dependant, social dominance orientation (SDO) should motivate perceptions of (reverse) discrimination among members of high-status groups, whereas system justification should motivate the minimization of perceived discrimination among the disadvantaged. We tested these hypotheses using multilevel regressions among a nationwide random sample of New Zealand Europeans ( n = 29,169) and ethnic minorities ( n = 5,118). As hypothesized, group-based dominance correlated positively with perceived (reverse) discrimination among ethnic-majority group members, whereas system justification correlated negatively with perceived discrimination among the disadvantaged. Furthermore, the proportion of minorities within the region strengthened the victimizing effects of SDO-Dominance, but not SDO-Egalitarianism, among the advantaged. Together, these results reveal status-based asymmetries in the motives underlying perceptions of discrimination and identify a key contextual moderator of this association.

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