Polycystic ovary syndrome: metabolic aspects

2011 ◽  
pp. 1235-1239
Author(s):  
Richard S. Legro
Keyword(s):  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Insulin Action ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Metabolic Abnormalities ◽  
Polycystic Ovaries ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Insulin Resistant ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Health Disorders

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is thought to be primarily a disorder that affects women during their reproductive years. The diagnostic criteria reflect ovarian dysfunction, i.e. hyperandrogenism, anovulation, and polycystic ovaries. However, women with PCOS appear to be uniquely insulin resistant, are frequently obese, and may be at risk for a variety of long-term health disorders including diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and cancers. Although the endocrine and reproductive features of the disorder improve with age, the associated metabolic abnormalities, particularly components of the metabolic syndrome, may actually worsen. This chapter will explore the pathophysiology of aberrant insulin action in women with PCOS, recognition of long-term risks, and preventive strategies.

scholarly journals An adolescent with polycystic ovary syndrome

2006 ◽  
Vol 155 (suppl_1) ◽  
pp. S149-S152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marja Ojaniemi ◽  
Michel Pugeat
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Polycystic Ovaries ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Menstrual Irregularities ◽  
Term Basis

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common clinical condition that manifests during adolescence with menstrual irregularities, acne, and hirsutism. As these symptoms are frequently observed in healthy teenagers, it can be difficult to recognize PCOS. Establishment of hyperandrogenism, polycystic ovaries, and identifying a metabolic disorder are required for the management of PCOS in a teenager. The underlying defects in PCOS are still unclear; however, insulin resistance and the metabolic syndrome are common in both obese and non-obese PCOS patients, so that the evaluation of glucose tolerance is recommended. More than 50% of PCOS patients are overweight or obese, and will benefit from an increase in physical activity and weight loss. Metformin is a treatment option that requires further investigation before being recommended on a long-term basis.

Prevalence of the metabolic syndrome in women with a previous diagnosis of polycystic ovary syndrome: long-term follow-up

2011 ◽  
Vol 96 (5) ◽  
pp. 1271-1274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miriam Hudecova ◽  
Jan Holte ◽  
Matts Olovsson ◽  
Anders Larsson ◽  
Christian Berne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Previous Diagnosis ◽  
Long Term Follow Up

scholarly journals Metabolic syndrome in polycystic ovary syndrome: a review

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 1247
Author(s):  
Kalaivani V. ◽  
Ushadevi Gopalan
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Multidisciplinary Approach ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Metabolic Abnormalities ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Reproductive Life

Polycystic ovary syndrome is one of the most common endocrine abnormalities in women. It affects both reproductive life and overall health of the women including metabolic abnormalities. A multidisciplinary approach is needed in those with metabolic variations to prevent them from the long-term complications like cardiovascular diseases and diabetes mellitus. The objective of this article is to review the association between PCOS and metabolic syndrome.

The natural history of the metabolic syndrome in young women with the polycystic ovary syndrome and the effect of long-term oestrogen-progestagen treatment

1999 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 517-527 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renato Pasquali ◽  
Alessandra Gambineri ◽  
Bruno Anconetani ◽  
Valentina Vicennati ◽  
Donatella Colitta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Natural History ◽  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
History Of

scholarly journals MANAGEMENT OF ENDOCRINE DISEASE: Morbidity in polycystic ovary syndrome

2017 ◽  
Vol 176 (2) ◽  
pp. R53-R65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dorte Glintborg ◽  
Marianne Andersen
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Premenopausal Women ◽  
Polycystic Ovaries ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Vitamin D Levels ◽  
Irregular Menses ◽  
Long Term Prognosis

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most prevalent endocrine condition in premenopausal women. The syndrome is characterized by hyperandrogenism, irregular menses and polycystic ovaries when other etiologies are excluded. Obesity, insulin resistance and low vitamin D levels are present in more than 50% patients with PCOS, these factors along with hyperandrogenism could have adverse effects on long-term health. Hyperinflammation and impaired epithelial function were reported to a larger extent in women with PCOS and could particularly be associated with hyperandrogenism, obesity and insulin resistance. Available data from register-based and data linkage studies support that metabolic-vascular and thyroid diseases, asthma, migraine, depression and cancer are diagnosed more frequently in PCOS, whereas fracture risk is decreased. Drug prescriptions are significantly more common in PCOS than controls within all diagnose categories including antibiotics. The causal relationship between PCOS and autoimmune disease represents an interesting new area of research. PCOS is a lifelong condition and long-term morbidity could be worsened by obesity, sedentary way of life, Western-style diet and smoking, whereas lifestyle intervention including weight loss may partly or fully resolve the symptoms of PCOS and could improve the long-term prognosis. In this review, the possible implications of increased morbidity for the clinical and biochemical evaluation of patients with PCOS at diagnosis and follow-up is further discussed along with possible modifying effects of medical treatment.

scholarly journals Characterization of Reproductive, Metabolic, and Endocrine Features of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome in Female Hyperandrogenic Mouse Models

Endocrinology ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 155 (8) ◽  
pp. 3146-3159 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. S. L. Caldwell ◽  
L. J. Middleton ◽  
M. Jimenez ◽  
R. Desai ◽  
A. C. McMahon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Polycystic Ovaries ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Long Term Treatment ◽  
Adipocyte Hypertrophy

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) affects 5–10% of women of reproductive age, causing a range of reproductive, metabolic and endocrine defects including anovulation, infertility, hyperandrogenism, obesity, hyperinsulinism, and an increased risk of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Hyperandrogenism is the most consistent feature of PCOS, but its etiology remains unknown, and ethical and logistic constraints limit definitive experimentation in humans to determine mechanisms involved. In this study, we provide the first comprehensive characterization of reproductive, endocrine, and metabolic PCOS traits in 4 distinct murine models of hyperandrogenism, comprising prenatal dihydrotestosterone (DHT, potent nonaromatizable androgen) treatment during days 16–18 of gestation, or long-term treatment (90 days from 21 days of age) with DHT, dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), or letrozole (aromatase inhibitor). Prenatal DHT-treated mature mice exhibited irregular estrous cycles, oligo-ovulation, reduced preantral follicle health, hepatic steatosis, and adipocyte hypertrophy, but lacked overall changes in body-fat composition. Long-term DHT treatment induced polycystic ovaries displaying unhealthy antral follicles (degenerate oocyte and/or > 10% pyknotic granulosa cells), as well as anovulation and acyclicity in mature (16-week-old) females. Long-term DHT also increased body and fat pad weights and induced adipocyte hypertrophy and hypercholesterolemia. Long-term letrozole-treated mice exhibited absent or irregular cycles, oligo-ovulation, polycystic ovaries containing hemorrhagic cysts atypical of PCOS, and displayed no metabolic features of PCOS. Long-term dehydroepiandrosterone treatment produced no PCOS features in mature mice. Our findings reveal that long-term DHT treatment replicated a breadth of ovarian, endocrine, and metabolic features of human PCOS and provides the best mouse model for experimental studies of PCOS pathogenesis.

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