Chest medicine

Obstructive Sleep ◽

Occupational Lung Diseases

Chapter 18 covers the basic science and clinical topics relating to respiratory medicine which trainees are required to learn as part of their basic training and demonstrate in the MRCP. The chapter starts with an introduction to the respiratory system, before covering respiratory defence and physiology, respiratory investigations, respiratory failure, pneumonia, tuberculosis, cystic fibrosis, bronchiectasis, pleural effusion, chronic obstructive pulmonary Disease, adult respiratory distress syndrome, asthma , fungal lung diseases, pulmonary embolism , lung cancer, pulmonary fibrosis, extrinsic allergic alveolitis, occupational lung diseases, sarcoidosis, Cor pulmonale and pulmonary hypertension, pneumothorax, cough and haemoptysis, pulmonary eosinophilia, and obstructive sleep apnoea.

Increased risk for cardiovascular disease in patients with obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome‐chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (overlap syndrome)

The Clinical Respiratory Journal ◽

10.1111/crj.13078 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 13 (11) ◽

pp. 708-715 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Athanasios Voulgaris ◽

Kostas Archontogeorgis ◽

Nikolaos Papanas ◽

Eleni Pilitsi ◽

Evangelia Nena ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cardiovascular Disease ◽

Pulmonary Disease ◽

Sleep Apnoea ◽

Overlap Syndrome ◽

Chronic Obstructive ◽

Obstructive Sleep ◽

Increased Risk

The effect of physical rehabilitation (PR) on the severity of symptoms of OSAS in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome (OSA)

10.1183/13993003.congress-2016.pa3588 ◽

2016 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Olena Krakhmalova ◽

Yulia Kharchenko ◽

Olena Izmailova

Keyword(s):

Pulmonary Disease ◽

Sleep Apnoea ◽

Physical Rehabilitation ◽

Chronic Obstructive ◽

Sleep Apnoea Syndrome ◽

Comparison of invasive intubation and noninvasive mechanical ventilation in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome

Journal of International Medical Research ◽

10.1177/03000605211068312 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 49 (12) ◽

pp. 030006052110683

Author(s):

Wenjing Liu ◽

Hong Guo ◽

Fang Ding ◽

Zhaobo Cui ◽

Juxiang Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pulmonary Disease ◽

Noninvasive Ventilation ◽

Sleep Apnoea ◽

Chronic Obstructive ◽

Sleep Apnoea Syndrome ◽

Objective The concurrence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome (OSAS) is defined as overlap syndrome (OS), but investigations into predictors of OS in patients with COPD remain limited. Here, potential markers of OS in patients with COPD were investigated, and results of intubation were compared between patients with COPD only or OS. Methods This retrospective study included patients with COPD who were divided according to OS diagnosis: COPD only (COPD group) or OS (OS group). Results Among 206 patients with COPD, 120 were diagnosed with OS. Mean body mass index (BMI) was significantly higher in the OS versus COPD group (28.95 ± 2.96 versus 23.84 ± 4.06, respectively). Receiver operating characteristic curve analyses revealed that BMI was associated with OS (area under the curve, 0.835). The rate of invasive intubation within 48 h was lower in the OS versus COPD group (9.2% versus 20.9%, respectively), and the duration of noninvasive ventilation was longer in the OS versus COPD group. Conclusions BMI may be a predictor of OS in patients with COPD. The duration of noninvasive ventilation was longer in patients with OS than in patients with COPD alone.

Respiratory

Oxford Handbook Clinical Tutor Study Cards: Medicine ◽

10.1093/med/9780198830849.003.0002 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 35-60

Author(s):

Tanya M. Monaghan ◽

James D. Thomas

Keyword(s):

Cystic Fibrosis ◽

Pleural Effusion ◽

Superior Vena ◽

Vena Cava ◽

Cor Pulmonale ◽

Sleep Apnoea ◽

Chronic Obstructive ◽

This chapter is about respiratory system, and covers chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, interstitial lung disease, lobectomy, pleural effusion, pneumothorax, tuberculosis, pneumonia, obstructive sleep apnoea, cystic fibrosis, Kartagener’s syndrome, bronchiectasis, superior vena cava obstruction, and cor pulmonale.

Cardiovascular Disease in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, Obstructive Sleep Apnoea Syndrome and Overlap Syndrome

Current Vascular Pharmacology ◽

10.2174/1570161118666200318103553 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 19 (3) ◽

pp. 285-300

Author(s):

A. Voulgaris ◽

K. Archontogeorgis ◽

P. Steiropoulos ◽

N. Papanas

Keyword(s):

Cardiovascular Disease ◽

Pulmonary Disease ◽

Sleep Apnoea ◽

Overlap Syndrome ◽

Chronic Obstructive ◽

: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome (OSAS) are among the most prevalent chronic respiratory disorders. Accumulating data suggest that there is a significant burden of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in patients with COPD and OSAS, affecting negatively patients’ quality of life and survival. Overlap syndrome (OS), i.e. the co-existence of both COPD and OSAS in the same patient, has an additional impact on the cardiovascular system multiplying the risk of morbidity and mortality. The underlying mechanisms for the development of CVD in patients with either OSAS or COPD and OS are not entirely elucidated. Several mechanisms, in addition to smoking and obesity, may be implicated, including systemic inflammation, increased sympathetic activity, oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction. Early diagnosis and proper management of these patients might reduce cardiovascular risk and improve patients' survival. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge regarding epidemiological aspects, pathophysiological mechanisms and present point-to-point specific associations between COPD, OSAS, OS and components of CVD, namely, pulmonary hypertension, coronary artery disease, peripheral arterial disease and stroke.

Sensors for detecting pulmonary diseases from exhaled breath

European Respiratory Review ◽

10.1183/16000617.0011-2019 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 28 (152) ◽

pp. 190011 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Dina Hashoul ◽

Hossam Haick

Keyword(s):

Respiratory Diseases ◽

Sensor Arrays ◽

Sleep Apnoea ◽

Chronic Obstructive ◽

Exhaled Breath ◽

Obstructive Sleep ◽

New Frontier ◽

Pulmonary Arterial

This review presents and discusses a new frontier for fast, risk-free and potentially inexpensive diagnostics of respiratory diseases by detecting volatile organic compounds (VOCs) present in exhaled breath. One part of the review is a didactic presentation of the overlaying concept and the chemistry of exhaled breath. The other part discusses diverse sensors that have been developed and used for the detection of respiratory diseases (e.g.chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma, lung cancer, pulmonary arterial hypertension, tuberculosis, cystic fibrosis, obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome and pneumoconiosis) by analysis of VOCs in exhaled breath. The strengths and pitfalls are discussed and criticised, particularly in the perspective in disseminating information regarding these advances. Ideas regarding the improvement of sensors, sensor arrays, sensing devices and the further planning of workflow are also discussed.

Respiratory medicine

Oxford Handbook of General Practice ◽

10.1093/med/9780198808183.003.0010 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 263-310

Author(s):

Chantal Simon ◽

Hazel Everitt ◽

Françoise van Dorp ◽

Nazia Hussain ◽

Emma Nash ◽

...

Keyword(s):

General Practice ◽

Lung Disease ◽

Asthma Management ◽

Sleep Apnoea ◽

Respiratory Medicine ◽

Chronic Obstructive ◽

Occupational Lung Disease ◽

Obstructive Sleep ◽

Diffuse Parenchymal Lung Disease

This chapter in the Oxford Handbook of General Practice explores respiratory medicine in general practice. It covers breathlessness, cough, chest signs, and other signs of respiratory disease. It examines asthma in adults, bronchodilators and steroids, asthma management in practice, and drug treatment of asthma, as well as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and acute exacerbations of COPD. It discusses lung cancer, colds and influenza, pneumonia, tuberculosis, cystic fibrosis and Kartagener syndrome, diffuse parenchymal lung disease, occupational lung disease, and snoring and obstructive sleep apnoea.

Atrial fibrillation and sleep apnoea and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

ESC CardioMed ◽

10.1093/med/9780198784906.003.0527_update_001 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 2235-2237

Author(s):

Tauseef Akhtar ◽

Jared D. Miller ◽

Hugh Calkins

Keyword(s):

Atrial Fibrillation ◽

Pulmonary Disease ◽

Sleep Apnoea ◽

Chronic Obstructive ◽

Risk Factor Modification ◽

Obstructive Sleep ◽

P Rate

Rate control, rhythm control, and anticoagulation are well entrenched as the three central pillars of atrial fibrillation (AF) management. Risk factor modification of other associated co-morbidities is now emerging as a critical fourth pillar in the prevention and management of AF. Obstructive sleep apnoea and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, in particular, have important implications in the development of AF and appropriate selection of therapy. This chapter reviews the pathophysiology and clinical evidence linking these conditions with AF. In addition, it discusses important considerations in the management of concurrent AF and obstructive sleep apnoea or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Atrial fibrillation and sleep apnoea and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

ESC CardioMed ◽

10.1093/med/9780198784906.003.0527 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 2235-2237

Author(s):

Jared D. Miller ◽

Hugh G. Calkins

Keyword(s):

Atrial Fibrillation ◽

Pulmonary Disease ◽

Sleep Apnoea ◽

Chronic Obstructive ◽

Risk Factor Modification ◽

Obstructive Sleep ◽

P Rate

Rate control, rhythm control, and anticoagulation are well entrenched as the three central pillars of atrial fibrillation (AF) management. Risk factor modification of other associated co-morbidities is now emerging as a critical fourth pillar in the prevention and management of AF. Obstructive sleep apnoea and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, in particular, have important implications in the development of AF and appropriate selection of therapy. This chapter reviews the pathophysiology and clinical evidence linking these conditions with AF. In addition, it discusses important considerations in the management of concurrent AF and obstructive sleep apnoea or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.