scholarly journals Field, Genetic, and Modeling Approaches Show Strong Positive Selection Acting upon an Insecticide Resistance Mutation in Anopheles gambiae s.s.

2010 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 1117-1125 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Lynd ◽  
D. Weetman ◽  
S. Barbosa ◽  
A. Egyir Yawson ◽  
S. Mitchell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insecticide Resistance ◽  
Positive Selection ◽  
Anopheles Gambiae ◽  
Resistance Mutation ◽  
Anopheles Gambiae S.S ◽  
Strong Positive Selection ◽  
Modeling Approaches

scholarly journals Presence of L1014F Knockdown-Resistance Mutation in Anopheles gambiae s.s. From São Tomé and Príncipe

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongying Zhang ◽  
Mingqiang Li ◽  
Ruixiang Tan ◽  
Changsheng Deng ◽  
Bo Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insecticide Resistance ◽  
Anopheles Gambiae ◽  
Resistance Mutation ◽  
Indoor Residual Spraying ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Anopheles Gambiae S.S ◽  
Sao Tome And Principe ◽  
Vector Management ◽  
The Government ◽  
First Time

Malaria, one of the most serious parasitic diseases, kills thousands of people every year, especially in Africa. São Tomé and Príncipe are known to have stable transmission of malaria. Indoor residual spraying (IRS) of insecticides and long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLIN) are considered as an effective malaria control interventions in these places. The resistance status of Anopheles gambiae s.s. from Agua Grande, Caue, and Lemba of São Tomé and Príncipe to insecticides, such as dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) (4.0%), deltamethrin (0.05%), permethrin (0.75%), fenitrothion (1.0%), and malathion (5.0%), were tested according to the WHO standard protocol. DNA extraction, species identification, as well as kdr and ace-1R genotyping were done with the surviving and dead mosquitoes post testing. They showed resistance to cypermethrin with mortality rates ranging from 89.06% to 89.66%. Mosquitoes collected from Agua Grande, Caue, and Lemba displayed resistance to DDT and fenitrothion with mortality rates higher than 90%. No other species were detected in these study localities other than Anopheles gambiae s.s. The frequency of L1014F was high in the three investigated sites, which was detected for the first time in São Tomé and Príncipe. No ace-1R mutation was detected in all investigated sites. The high frequency of L1014F showed that kdr L1014F mutation might be related to insecticide resistance to Anopheles gambiae s.s. populations from São Tomé and Príncipe. Insecticide resistance status is alarming and, therefore, future malaria vector management should be seriously considered by the government of São Tomé and Príncipe.

scholarly journals Phenotypic Insecticide Resistance in Anopheles gambiae (Diptera: Culicidae): Specific Characterization of Underlying Resistance Mechanisms Still Matters

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adandé A Medjigbodo ◽  
Luc S Djogbenou ◽  
Aubin A Koumba ◽  
Laurette Djossou ◽  
Athanase Badolo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insecticide Resistance ◽  
Anopheles Gambiae ◽  
Resistance Mechanisms ◽  
Malaria Vectors ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Anopheles Coluzzii ◽  
Anopheles Gambiae S.S ◽  
Diagnostic Dose ◽  
Pirimiphos Methyl ◽  
Old Adult

Abstract An effective control of malaria vectors requires an extensive knowledge of mechanisms underlying the resistance-phenotypes developed by these vectors against insecticides. We investigated Anopheles gambiae mosquitoes from Benin and Togo for their intensity of insecticide resistance and we discussed the involvement of genotyped mechanisms in the resistance-phenotypes observed. Three- to five-day-old adult mosquitoes emerged from field and laboratory An. gambiae larvae were assayed using WHO tube intensity tests against various doses of deltamethrin: 1× (0.05%); 2× (0.1%); 5× (0.25%); 7.5× (0.375%) and those of pirimiphos-methyl: 0.5× (0.125%); 1× (0.25%). Members of An. gambiae complex were screened in field populations using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays. The presence of kdrR(1014F/1014S) and ace-1R(119S) mutations was also investigated using TaqMan and PCR-RFLP techniques, respectively. Anopheles gambiae from field were very resistant to deltamethrin, whereas KisKdr and AcerKdrKis strains displayed 100% mortality rates at 2× the diagnostic dose. In contrast, the field mosquitoes displayed a low resistance-intensity against 1× the diagnostic dose of pirimiphos-methyl, whereas AcerKis and AcerKdrKis strains showed susceptibility at 0.5× the diagnostic dose. Anopheles gambiae s.s., Anopheles coluzzii, and Anopheles arabiensis were identified. Allelic frequencies of kdrR (1014F) and ace-1R (119S) mutations in the field populations varied from 0.65 to 1 and 0 to 0.84, respectively. The field An. gambiae displayed high-resistance levels against deltamethrin and pirimiphos-methyl when compared with those of the laboratory An. gambiae-resistant strains. These results exhibit the complexity of underlying insecticide resistance mechanisms in these field malaria vectors.

scholarly journals Dissecting the mechanisms responsible for the multiple insecticide resistance phenotype in Anopheles gambiae s.s., M form, from Vallée du Kou, Burkina Faso

Gene ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 519 (1) ◽  
pp. 98-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel M. Kwiatkowska ◽  
Naomi Platt ◽  
Rodolphe Poupardin ◽  
Helen Irving ◽  
Roch K. Dabire ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insecticide Resistance ◽  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Anopheles Gambiae ◽  
Anopheles Gambiae S.S ◽  
Resistance Phenotype

scholarly journals No evidence for positive selection at two potential targets for malaria transmission-blocking vaccines in Anopheles gambiae s.s

2013 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 87-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacob E. Crawford ◽  
Susan M. Rottschaefer ◽  
Boubacar Coulibaly ◽  
Madjou Sacko ◽  
Oumou Niaré ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Positive Selection ◽  
Anopheles Gambiae ◽  
Malaria Transmission ◽  
Anopheles Gambiae S.S ◽  
Transmission Blocking ◽  
Transmission Blocking Vaccines

scholarly journals Kdr-based insecticide resistance in Anopheles gambiae s.s populations in Cameroon: spread of the L1014F and L1014S mutations

2011 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Philippe Nwane ◽  
Josiane Etang ◽  
Mouhamadou Chouaїbou ◽  
Jean Claude Toto ◽  
Rémy Mimpfoundi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insecticide Resistance ◽  
Anopheles Gambiae ◽  
Anopheles Gambiae S.S

scholarly journals Malaria Transmission, Vector Diversity, and Insecticide Resistance at a Peri-Urban Site in the Forest Zone of Ghana

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaw Akuamoah-Boateng ◽  
Ruth C. Brenyah ◽  
Sandra A. Kwarteng ◽  
Patrick Obuam ◽  
Isaac Owusu-Frimpong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insecticide Resistance ◽  
Anopheles Gambiae ◽  
Malaria Transmission ◽  
Urban Setting ◽  
World Health ◽  
Malaria Vectors ◽  
Urban Site ◽  
Human Landing Catch ◽  
Anopheles Coluzzii ◽  
Anopheles Gambiae S.S

IntroductionRecent surge of Anopheles resistance to major classes of World Health Organization (WHO)-approved insecticides globally necessitates the need for information about local malaria vector populations. It is believed that insecticide efficacy loss may lead to operational failure of control interventions and an increase in malaria infection transmission. We investigated the susceptibility levels of malaria vectors to all classes of WHO-approved vector control insecticides and described the dynamics of malaria transmission in a peri-urban setting.MethodsFit 3–5-day-old adults that emerged from Anopheles larvae collected from several different sites in the study area were subjected to the WHO bioassay for detecting insecticide resistance. The knockdown resistance gene (kdr) mutations within the vector populations were detected using PCR. Entomological inoculation rates were determined using the human landing catch technique and Plasmodium falciparum circumsporozoite ELISA.ResultsThe malaria vectors from the study area were resistant to all classes of insecticides tested. Out of the 284 Anopheles complex specimen assayed for the resistance study, 265 (93.30%) were identified as Anopheles gambiae s.s. The kdr gene was detected in 90% of the Anopheles gambiae s.s. assayed. In an area where Anopheles coluzzii resistance to insecticides had never been reported, the kdr gene was detected in 78% of the Anopheles coluzzii sampled. The entomological inoculation rate (EIR) for the dry season was 1.44 ib/m/n, whereas the EIR for the rainy season was 2.69 ib/m/n.ConclusionsThis study provides information on the high parasite inoculation rate and insecticide resistance of malaria vectors in a peri-urban community, which is critical in the development of an insecticide resistance management program for the community.

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