scholarly journals Automatic assessment of glioma burden: a deep learning algorithm for fully automated volumetric and bidimensional measurement

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (11) ◽  
pp. 1412-1422 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ken Chang ◽  
Andrew L Beers ◽  
Harrison X Bai ◽  
James M Brown ◽  
K Ina Ly ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Deep Learning ◽  
Tumor Volume ◽  
Learning Algorithm ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Response Assessment ◽  
Tumor Burden ◽  
Automatic Assessment ◽  
Postoperative Mri ◽  
Longitudinal Measurement ◽  
Deep Learning Algorithm

Abstract Background Longitudinal measurement of glioma burden with MRI is the basis for treatment response assessment. In this study, we developed a deep learning algorithm that automatically segments abnormal fluid attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) hyperintensity and contrast-enhancing tumor, quantitating tumor volumes as well as the product of maximum bidimensional diameters according to the Response Assessment in Neuro-Oncology (RANO) criteria (AutoRANO). Methods Two cohorts of patients were used for this study. One consisted of 843 preoperative MRIs from 843 patients with low- or high-grade gliomas from 4 institutions and the second consisted of 713 longitudinal postoperative MRI visits from 54 patients with newly diagnosed glioblastomas (each with 2 pretreatment “baseline” MRIs) from 1 institution. Results The automatically generated FLAIR hyperintensity volume, contrast-enhancing tumor volume, and AutoRANO were highly repeatable for the double-baseline visits, with an intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) of 0.986, 0.991, and 0.977, respectively, on the cohort of postoperative GBM patients. Furthermore, there was high agreement between manually and automatically measured tumor volumes, with ICC values of 0.915, 0.924, and 0.965 for preoperative FLAIR hyperintensity, postoperative FLAIR hyperintensity, and postoperative contrast-enhancing tumor volumes, respectively. Lastly, the ICCs for comparing manually and automatically derived longitudinal changes in tumor burden were 0.917, 0.966, and 0.850 for FLAIR hyperintensity volume, contrast-enhancing tumor volume, and RANO measures, respectively. Conclusions Our automated algorithm demonstrates potential utility for evaluating tumor burden in complex posttreatment settings, although further validation in multicenter clinical trials will be needed prior to widespread implementation.

scholarly journals Deep Learning Based Automated Orthotopic Lung Tumor Segmentation in Whole-Body Mouse CT-Scans

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (18) ◽  
pp. 4585
Author(s):  
Wouter R. P. H. van de Worp ◽  
Brent van der Heyden ◽  
Georgios Lappas ◽  
Ardy van Helvoort ◽  
Jan Theys ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Deep Learning ◽  
Tumor Growth ◽  
Tumor Volume ◽  
Learning Algorithm ◽  
Lung Tumor ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Ct Scans ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Deep Learning Algorithm

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer related deaths worldwide. The development of orthotopic mouse models of lung cancer, which recapitulates the disease more realistically compared to the widely used subcutaneous tumor models, is expected to critically aid the development of novel therapies to battle lung cancer or related comorbidities such as cachexia. However, follow-up of tumor take, tumor growth and detection of therapeutic effects is difficult, time consuming and requires a vast number of animals in orthotopic models. Here, we describe a solution for the fully automatic segmentation and quantification of orthotopic lung tumor volume and mass in whole-body mouse computed tomography (CT) scans. The goal is to drastically enhance the efficiency of the research process by replacing time-consuming manual procedures with fast, automated ones. A deep learning algorithm was trained on 60 unique manually delineated lung tumors and evaluated by four-fold cross validation. Quantitative performance metrics demonstrated high accuracy and robustness of the deep learning algorithm for automated tumor volume analyses (mean dice similarity coefficient of 0.80), and superior processing time (69 times faster) compared to manual segmentation. Moreover, manual delineations of the tumor volume by three independent annotators was sensitive to bias in human interpretation while the algorithm was less vulnerable to bias. In addition, we showed that besides longitudinal quantification of tumor development, the deep learning algorithm can also be used in parallel with the previously published method for muscle mass quantification and to optimize the experimental design reducing the number of animals needed in preclinical studies. In conclusion, we implemented a method for fast and highly accurate tumor quantification with minimal operator involvement in data analysis. This deep learning algorithm provides a helpful tool for the noninvasive detection and analysis of tumor take, tumor growth and therapeutic effects in mouse orthotopic lung cancer models.

scholarly journals Automatic Assessment of ASPECTS Using Diffusion-Weighted Imaging in Acute Ischemic Stroke Using Recurrent Residual Convolutional Neural Network

Diagnostics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 803
Author(s):  
Luu-Ngoc Do ◽  
Byung Hyun Baek ◽  
Seul Kee Kim ◽  
Hyung-Jeong Yang ◽  
Ilwoo Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Deep Learning ◽  
Convolutional Neural Network ◽  
Diffusion Weighted Imaging ◽  
Learning Algorithm ◽  
Binary Classification ◽  
Automatic Assessment ◽  
Anterior Circulation ◽  
Deep Learning Algorithm ◽  
Diffusion Weighted

The early detection and rapid quantification of acute ischemic lesions play pivotal roles in stroke management. We developed a deep learning algorithm for the automatic binary classification of the Alberta Stroke Program Early Computed Tomographic Score (ASPECTS) using diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) in acute stroke patients. Three hundred and ninety DWI datasets with acute anterior circulation stroke were included. A classifier algorithm utilizing a recurrent residual convolutional neural network (RRCNN) was developed for classification between low (1–6) and high (7–10) DWI-ASPECTS groups. The model performance was compared with a pre-trained VGG16, Inception V3, and a 3D convolutional neural network (3DCNN). The proposed RRCNN model demonstrated higher performance than the pre-trained models and 3DCNN with an accuracy of 87.3%, AUC of 0.941, and F1-score of 0.888 for classification between the low and high DWI-ASPECTS groups. These results suggest that the deep learning algorithm developed in this study can provide a rapid assessment of DWI-ASPECTS and may serve as an ancillary tool that can assist physicians in making urgent clinical decisions.

scholarly journals Mobile microscopy and telemedicine platform assisted by deep learning for the quantification of Trichuris trichiura infection

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (9) ◽  
pp. e0009677
Author(s):  
Elena Dacal ◽  
David Bermejo-Peláez ◽  
Lin Lin ◽  
Elisa Álamo ◽  
Daniel Cuadrado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Deep Learning ◽  
Learning Algorithm ◽  
Neglected Tropical Diseases ◽  
Mobile App ◽  
World Health ◽  
Automatic Assessment ◽  
Deep Learning Algorithm ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Remote Analysis

Soil-transmitted helminths (STH) are the most prevalent pathogens among the group of neglected tropical diseases (NTDs). The Kato-Katz technique is the diagnosis method recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) although it often presents a decreased sensitivity in low transmission settings and it is labour intensive. Visual reading of Kato-Katz preparations requires the samples to be analyzed in a short period of time since its preparation. Digitizing the samples could provide a solution which allows to store the samples in a digital database and perform remote analysis. Artificial intelligence (AI) methods based on digitized samples can support diagnosis by performing an objective and automatic quantification of disease infection. In this work, we propose an end-to-end pipeline for microscopy image digitization and automatic analysis of digitized images of STH. Our solution includes (a) a digitization system based on a mobile app that digitizes microscope samples using a 3D printed microscope adapter, (b) a telemedicine platform for remote analysis and labelling, and (c) novel deep learning algorithms for automatic assessment and quantification of parasitological infections by STH. The deep learning algorithm has been trained and tested on 51 slides of stool samples containing 949 Trichuris spp. eggs from 6 different subjects. The algorithm evaluation was performed using a cross-validation strategy, obtaining a mean precision of 98.44% and a mean recall of 80.94%. The results also proved the potential of generalization capability of the method at identifying different types of helminth eggs. Additionally, the AI-assisted quantification of STH based on digitized samples has been compared to the one performed using conventional microscopy, showing a good agreement between measurements. In conclusion, this work has presented a comprehensive pipeline using smartphone-assisted microscopy. It is integrated with a telemedicine platform for automatic image analysis and quantification of STH infection using AI models.

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