Menthol and Mint Cigarettes and Cigars: Initiation and Progression in Youth, Young Adults and Adults in Waves 1–4 of the PATH Study, 2013–2017

Abstract Introduction This study examined in youth (12–17 years), young adults (18–24 years), and adults (25+ years): (1) the prevalence of the first menthol cigarette and menthol/mint cigar use among new tobacco users; (2) association between the first menthol/mint use, subsequent tobacco use, and nicotine dependence ~1 year later compared with the first non-menthol/mint use. Aims and Methods Longitudinal analysis of data from Waves 1 to 4 of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) Study (2013–2017; 10 086 youth and 21 281 adults). Main outcome measures were past 12-month and past 30-day cigarette and cigar use, and nicotine dependence. Results Youth and young adult new cigarette users are more likely to smoke a menthol cigarette or indicate that they do not know the flavor compared with adults aged 25+. A greater proportion of adults aged 25+ first used menthol/mint-flavored cigars (13.4%) compared with youth (8.5%) and young adults (7.4%). Among young adults, first use of a menthol cigarette is associated with past 12-month use of cigarettes at the subsequent wave and first use of any menthol/mint-flavored cigars is associated with past 30-day use of these products at the subsequent wave in both youth and young adults. In youth and adults, there were no significant relationships between first use of a menthol/mint cigarette or cigar and nicotine dependence scores at a subsequent wave in multivariable analyses. Conclusions The first use of menthol/mint cigarettes and cigars is associated with subsequent cigarette and cigar use in young people aged 12–24. Implications This study examined the relationship between initiation with menthol cigarettes and menthol/mint cigars, subsequent tobacco use, and nicotine dependence in US youth, young adults, and adults who participated in Waves 1–4 of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health study. New use of menthol cigarettes was associated with greater past 12-month cigarette use in young adults and new use of menthol/mint-flavored cigars was associated with greater past 30-day cigar use in youth and young adults compared with non-menthol use. Initiation with menthol/mint cigarette and cigar products may lead to subsequent use of those products.

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Correlates of poly-tobacco use among youth and young adults: Findings from the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health study, 2013–2014

Drug and Alcohol Dependence ◽

10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2018.02.024 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 187 ◽

pp. 160-164 ◽

Cited By ~ 26

Author(s):

Olatokunbo Osibogun ◽

Ziyad Ben Taleb ◽

Raed Bahelah ◽

Ramzi G. Salloum ◽

Wasim Maziak

Keyword(s):

Young Adults ◽

Tobacco Use ◽

Health Study ◽

Population Assessment ◽

Youth And Young Adults

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Poly-Tobacco Use among Young Adults in the United States: Findings from the Population Assessment on Tobacco and Health Study, 2013–2014

Annals of Epidemiology ◽

10.1016/j.annepidem.2017.07.053 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 27 (8) ◽

pp. 535 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Olatokunbo Osibogun ◽

Rana Jaber ◽

Raed Bahelah ◽

Ziyad Ben Taleb ◽

Wasim Maziak

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Young Adults ◽

Tobacco Use ◽

The United States ◽

Health Study ◽

Population Assessment

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Risk perceptions and continued smoking as a function of cigarette filter ventilation level among US youth and young adults who smoke

Tobacco Control ◽

10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2021-056833 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. tobaccocontrol-2021-056833

Author(s):

Dana Mowls Carroll ◽

Katelyn M Tessier ◽

K Michael Cummings ◽

Richard J O'Connor ◽

Sarah Reisinger ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Young Adults ◽

Health Risks ◽

Perceived Risk ◽

Risk Perceptions ◽

Daily Smoking ◽

Health Study ◽

Population Assessment ◽

Cigarette Filter ◽

Cigarette Brand ◽

Youth And Young Adults

BackgroundWhile evidence demonstrates that the industry’s marketing of cigarettes with higher filter ventilation (FV) misleads adults about their health risks, there is no research on the relationships between FV, risk perceptions and smoking trajectories among youth (ages 12–17) and young adults (ages 18–24).MethodsData on FV levels of major US cigarette brands/sub-brands were merged with the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health Study to examine whether FV level in cigarettes used by wave 1 youth/young adults (n=1970) predicted continued smoking at waves 2–4, and whether those relationships were mediated by perceived risk of their cigarette brand. FV was modelled based on tertiles (0.2%–11.8%, low; 11.9%–23.2%, moderate; 23.3%–61.1%, high) to predict daily smoking, past 30-day smoking and change in number of days smoking at successive waves.ResultsThe odds of perceiving one’s brand as less harmful than other cigarette brands was 2.21 times higher in the high versus low FV group (p=0.0146). Relationships between FV and smoking outcomes at successive waves were non-significant (all p>0.05).ConclusionYouth and young adults who use higher FV cigarettes perceived their brand as less harmful compared with other brands. However, level of FV was not associated with continued smoking.

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The Effect of Branding to Promote Healthy Behavior: Reducing Tobacco Use among Youth and Young Adults

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph14121517 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 14 (12) ◽

pp. 1517 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

Donna Vallone ◽

Marisa Greenberg ◽

Haijun Xiao ◽

Morgane Bennett ◽

Jennifer Cantrell ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Young Adults ◽

Tobacco Use ◽

Healthy Behavior ◽

Youth And Young Adults

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Parents Are Unaware of Their Youths' Tobacco Use: Results from the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health Study

Journal of School Health ◽

10.1111/josh.12906 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 90 (7) ◽

pp. 564-571

Author(s):

Jessica L. King ◽

Julie W. Merten ◽

Nicole E. Nicksic

Keyword(s):

Tobacco Use ◽

Health Study ◽

Population Assessment

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Longitudinal pathways of exclusive and polytobacco cigar use among youth, young adults and adults in the USA: findings from the PATH Study Waves 1–3 (2013–2016)

Tobacco Control ◽

10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2020-055624 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 29 (Suppl 3) ◽

pp. s163-s169 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Kathryn C Edwards ◽

Eva Sharma ◽

Michael J Halenar ◽

Kristie A Taylor ◽

Karin A Kasza ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Young Adults ◽

Tobacco Use ◽

Age Groups ◽

Health Impact ◽

Tobacco Product ◽

Health Study ◽

Longitudinal Analyses ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

The Usa ◽

Nationally Representative

ObjectiveThe goal of this study is to examine the cross-sectional prevalence of use and 3-year longitudinal pathways of cigar use in US youth (12-17 years), young adults (18-24 years), and adults 25+ (25 years or older).DesignData were drawn from the first three waves (2013–2016) of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health Study, a nationally representative, longitudinal cohort study of US youth and adults. Respondents with data at all three waves (youth, n=11 046; young adults, n=6478; adults 25+, n=17 188) were included in longitudinal analyses.ResultsWeighted cross-sectional prevalence of past 30-day (P30D) use was stable for adults 25+ (~6%), but decreased in youth (Wave 1 (W1) to Wave 3 (W3)=2.5% to 1.2%) and young adults (W1 to W3=15.7% to 14.0%). Among W1 P30D cigar users, over 50% discontinued cigar use (irrespective of other tobacco use) by Wave 2 (W2) or W3. Across age groups, over 70% of W1 P30D cigar users also indicated P30D use of another tobacco product, predominantly cigar polytobacco use with cigarettes. Discontinuing all tobacco use by W2 or W3 was greater in adult exclusive P30D cigar users compared with polytobacco cigar users.ConclusionsAlthough the majority of P30D cigar users discontinued use by W3, adult polytobacco users of cigars were less likely to discontinue all tobacco use than were exclusive cigar users. Tracking patterns of cigar use will allow further assessment of the population health impact of cigars.

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Menthol Smoking and Subjective Response To the First Cigarette Smoked

Tobacco Regulatory Science ◽

10.18001/trs.5.6.7 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 5 (6) ◽

pp. 554-566

Author(s):

Amy M. Cohn ◽

Joanne D'silva

Keyword(s):

Tobacco Use ◽

Abuse Liability ◽

Subjective Response ◽

Cigarette Tobacco ◽

Heavy Smoking ◽

Menthol Cigarette ◽

Logistic Regression Models ◽

Menthol Cigarettes ◽

Potential Abuse ◽

Pleasant Experience

Objectives: Using the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) study, this study examined whether pleasant and unpleasant subjective responses to the first cigarette smoked differed by initiation with a menthol versus non-menthol cigarette and whether subjective response was associated with current tobacco use behaviors, independent of, and in interaction with menthol initiation. Methods: Data were from youth and young adult ever smokers in Wave 2 (2014-2015) of the PATH study. Results: In adjusted multivariable logistic regression models, menthol initiators reported a more pleasant first smoking experience compared to non-menthol initiators and increased odds of past 30-day smoking, non-cigarette tobacco use, and menthol smoking. In adjusted models, pleasant experience was associated with increased odds of past 30-day smoking, non-cigarette tobacco use, and heavy smoking. Unpleasant experience was associated with decreased odds of past 30-day smoking. Interactions of menthol initiation with subjective response were not significant. Conclusions: Smokers who initiate with a menthol cigarette experience a more pleasant first smoking experience, and pleasant experience is associated with regular smoking and use of non-cigarette tobacco products. Findings underscore the potential abuse liability of menthol cigarettes and provide further evidence that a ban on menthol may help reduce tobacco use among young people.

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Tobacco Use and Smoking in Israel: Youth and Young Adults

Current Addiction Reports ◽

10.1007/s40429-018-0183-1 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 22-28

Author(s):

Richard Isralowitz ◽

Alexander Reznik ◽

Itay Pruginin ◽

Maria Bolshakova

Keyword(s):

Young Adults ◽

Tobacco Use ◽

Youth And Young Adults

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Transitions to smokeless tobacco use among adult cigarette smokers in the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) Study, Waves 3–5 (2015–2019)

Tobacco Control ◽

10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2021-056907 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. tobaccocontrol-2021-056907

Author(s):

Rebecca A Jackson ◽

Chunfeng Ren ◽

Blair Coleman ◽

Hannah R Day ◽

Cindy M Chang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Tobacco Use ◽

Smokeless Tobacco ◽

Health Study ◽

Dual Use ◽

Cigarette Smokers ◽

Population Assessment ◽

Current Cigarette ◽

Smokeless Tobacco Use ◽

Using Data

ObjectiveExamine patterns of dual use of cigarettes and smokeless tobacco and complete switching over time among adult current cigarette smokers using data from the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health Study Wave 3 (2015–2016), Wave 4 (2016–2018) and Wave 5 (2018–2019).MethodsWe examined four tobacco use states among 6834 exclusive smokers and 372 dual users at Wave 3 with two waves of follow-up data: exclusive cigarette use, exclusive smokeless tobacco use, dual use and use of neither product.ResultsAmong exclusive smokers at Wave 3, only 1.6% (95% CI: 1.3% to 2.1%) transitioned to dual use at Wave 4, and 0.1% (95% CI: 0.07% to 0.2%) switched to exclusive smokeless tobacco use. Among exclusive smokers who switched to dual use, 53.1% (95% CI: 40.9% to 64.9%) returned to exclusive cigarette smoking, 34.3% (95% CI: 23.8% to 46.6%) maintained dual use and 12.6% (95% CI: 7.0% to 21.7%) did not smoke cigarettes after an additional wave of follow-up. Dual users at Wave 3 were likely to maintain their dual use status at Wave 4, 51.2% (95% CI: 46.1% to 56.3%) and Wave 5, 47.9% (95% CI: 40.1% to 55.8%).ConclusionsVery few cigarette smokers transition to smokeless tobacco use, and among those who do, dual use is more common than exclusive smokeless tobacco use. Further, the majority of exclusive cigarette smokers who transition to dual use at Wave 4 continue smoking cigarettes at Wave 5, either as dual users or as exclusive smokers.

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