scholarly journals Iron deficiency, immunology, and colorectal cancer

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
pp. 88-97
Author(s):  
Oliver Phipps ◽  
Matthew J Brookes ◽  
Hafid O Al-Hassi
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Response To Therapy ◽  
Cancer Development ◽  
Iron Therapy ◽  
Iron Intake ◽  
Immune Microenvironment ◽  
Tumor Immune Microenvironment ◽  
Cancer Immunosurveillance

Abstract Excessive gut luminal iron contributes to the initiation and progression of colorectal cancer. However, emerging evidence suggests that reduced iron intake and low systemic iron levels are also associated with the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer. This is important because patients with colorectal cancer often present with iron deficiency. Iron is necessary for appropriate immunological functions; hence, iron deficiency may hinder cancer immunosurveillance and potentially modify the tumor immune microenvironment, both of which may assist cancer development. This is supported by studies showing that patients with colorectal cancer with iron deficiency have inferior outcomes and reduced response to therapy. Here, we provide an overview of the immunological consequences of iron deficiency and suggest ensuring adequate iron therapy to limit these outcomes.

scholarly journals Flipside of the Coin: Iron Deficiency and Colorectal Cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aysegül Aksan ◽  
Karima Farrag ◽  
Sami Aksan ◽  
Oliver Schroeder ◽  
Jürgen Stein
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Cancer Progression ◽  
Cancer Biology ◽  
Clinical Evidence ◽  
Response To Therapy ◽  
Iron Intake ◽  
Excess Iron ◽  
Tumor Immune Microenvironment ◽  
Cancer Initiation

Iron deficiency, with or without anemia, is the most frequent hematological manifestation in individuals with cancer, and is especially common in patients with colorectal cancer. Iron is a vital micronutrient that plays an essential role in many biological functions, in the context of which it has been found to be intimately linked to cancer biology. To date, however, whereas a large number of studies have comprehensively investigated and reviewed the effects of excess iron on cancer initiation and progression, potential interrelations of iron deficiency with cancer have been largely neglected and are not well-defined. Emerging evidence indicates that reduced iron intake and low systemic iron levels are associated with the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer, suggesting that optimal iron intake must be carefully balanced to avoid both iron deficiency and iron excess. Since iron is vital in the maintenance of immunological functions, insufficient iron availability may enhance oncogenicity by impairing immunosurveillance for neoplastic changes and potentially altering the tumor immune microenvironment. Data from clinical studies support these concepts, showing that iron deficiency is associated with inferior outcomes and reduced response to therapy in patients with colorectal cancer. Here, we elucidate cancer-related effects of iron deficiency, examine preclinical and clinical evidence of its role in tumorigenesis, cancer progression and treatment response. and highlight the importance of adequate iron supplementation to limit these outcomes.

151 - Colonic Bacteria and the Tumor Immune Microenvironment of Colorectal Cancer Patients

2018 ◽  
Vol 154 (6) ◽  
pp. S-41
Author(s):  
Jada C. Domingue ◽  
Nicolas Llosa ◽  
James White ◽  
Julia L. Drewes ◽  
Christine Craig ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Immune Microenvironment ◽  
Colonic Bacteria ◽  
Tumor Immune Microenvironment ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Patients

Comparing of pan-cancer tumor immune microenvironment.

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e15100-e15100
Author(s):  
Jiaan Ye ◽  
Longgang Cui ◽  
Xiaochen Zhao ◽  
Guanghui Lan
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
T Cells ◽  
Natural Killer Cell ◽  
Natural Killer ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Killer Cell ◽  
Immune Microenvironment ◽  
Hepatobiliary Cancer ◽  
Tumor Immune Microenvironment ◽  
Pan Cancer

e15100 Background: Cancer treatment has entered the era of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI), but different tumors have different responses to ICI drugs. For example, non-small cell lung cancer and melanoma have higher response rates to ICIs than colorectal cancer and liver cancer patients. Previous studies have shown that tumor immune microenvironment have a great impact on the efficacy of ICI. Methods: This study retrospectively included pan-cancer patient specimens, using multiple fluorescent labeling immunohistochemistry to explore the differences in the immune microenvironment of different tumors. Shapiro-Wilk was used for normality test, and ANOVA or Kruskal Wallis test was used according to the results. Two-sided P < 0.05 was considered a significant difference. Results: The study included 308 patients, including 119 (38.6%) NSCLC patients, 72 (23.4%) Colorectal cancer patients, 51 (16.6%) Hepatobiliary cancer patients and 66 (21.4%) Others types of cancer patients. Among them, there was 192 (62.3%) Male, and 116 (37.7%) Female, and the median age was 57 (50-66). The proportion of CD8+ T cells and natural killer cell in tumor was statistically different. The proportion of CD8+ T cells in NSCLC, Colorectal cancer, Hepatobiliary cancer and others was 2.16%, 1%, 1.77% and 2.63%, p < 0.01; the proportion of natural killer cell was 16.44 %, 4.91%, 5.58% and 3.29%, p < 0.01. Conclusions: Different tumor types have different immune microenvironments. These results may provide valuable clues for future ICI trail design.

Prognostic Impact of Tumor Immune Microenvironment and Systemic Inflammatory Markers in Colorectal Cancer

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. e87
Author(s):  
Sang-Jeon Lee ◽  
Ji Won Park ◽  
Gyeong Hoon Kang ◽  
Jung Ho Kim ◽  
Jeong Mo Bae ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Inflammatory Markers ◽  
Prognostic Impact ◽  
Immune Microenvironment ◽  
Tumor Immune Microenvironment

Su1994 ORAL IRON THERAPY PROMOTES A PROINFLAMMATORY GUT MICROBIOTA IN COLORECTAL CANCER PATIENTS WITH IRON DEFICIENCY ANAEMIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 158 (6) ◽  
pp. S-737-S-738
Author(s):  
Oliver Phipps ◽  
Mohammed Nabil Quraishi ◽  
Aditi Kumar ◽  
Edward Dickson ◽  
Oliver Ng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Iron Deficiency Anaemia ◽  
Oral Iron ◽  
Iron Therapy ◽  
Deficiency Anaemia ◽  
Oral Iron Therapy ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Patients

scholarly journals Tumour immune microenvironment biomarkers predicting cytotoxic chemotherapy efficacy in colorectal cancer

2021 ◽  
pp. jclinpath-2020-207309
Author(s):  
Kate Wilkinson ◽  
Weng Ng ◽  
Tara Laurine Roberts ◽  
Therese M Becker ◽  
Stephanie Hui-Su Lim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Cytotoxic Chemotherapy ◽  
Response To Therapy ◽  
Prognostic Biomarkers ◽  
Surrounding Tissue ◽  
Immune Markers ◽  
Immune Microenvironment ◽  
Adaptive Immune ◽  
Response To Chemotherapy ◽  
The Impact

The role of the local tumour and stromal immune landscape is increasingly recognised to be important in cancer development, progression and response to therapy. The composition, function, spatial orientation and gene expression profile of the infiltrate of the innate and adaptive immune system at the tumour and surrounding tissue has an established prognostic role in colorectal cancer (CRC). Multiple studies have confirmed that a tumour immune microenvironment (TIME) reflective of a type 1 adaptive immune response is associated with improved prognosis. There have been significant efforts to evolve these observations into validated, histopathology-based prognostic biomarkers, such as the Immunoscore. However, the clinical need lies much more in the development of predictive, not prognostic, biomarkers which have the potential to improve patient outcomes. This is particularly pertinent to help guide cytotoxic chemotherapy use in CRC, which remains the standard of care. Cytotoxic chemotherapy has recognised immunomodulatory activity distinct from its antimitotic effects, including mechanisms such as immunogenic cell death (ICD) and induction/inhibition of key immune players. Response to chemotherapy may differ with regard to molecular subtype of CRC, which are strongly associated with immune phenotypes. Thus, immune markers are potentially useful, though under-reported, predictive biomarkers. In this review, we discuss the impact of the TIME on response to cytotoxic chemotherapy in CRC, with a focus on baseline immune markers, and associated genomic and transcriptomic signatures.

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