Ethnic Studies in the United States

Education ◽  
2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine Sleeter ◽  
Curtis Acosta
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Ethnic Studies ◽  
The United States ◽  
Student Population ◽  
Curriculum And Pedagogy ◽  
Diverse Student ◽  
Growing Body ◽  
Diverse Student Population

Established in the late 1960s in the United States, ethnic studies has served as a foundation for efforts to transform curriculum and pedagogy for an increasingly diverse student population. While several countries have comparable histories of work by subordinated ethnic groups (such as Maori in New Zealand), because the nature of such work is specific to the country in which it originated, this article focuses on ethnic studies in the United States. Ethnic studies was perhaps most noticed during its development in the 1970s and 1980s, when it was new. But it continues to serve as an umbrella under which diverse racial and ethnic groups develop transformations of education, strengthened by a growing body of research that documents the benefits of ethnic studies to students.

Exploring Diverse Voices in the Classroom

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-99
Author(s):  
Chiao-Wei Liu
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Music Education ◽  
Cultural Diversity ◽  
The United States ◽  
Student Population ◽  
Music Programs ◽  
Ethnic Stereotypes ◽  
Diverse Student ◽  
Diverse Student Population ◽  
Racial Ethnic

With the increasing diverse student population in the United States, schools across the country face the challenge of addressing cultural diversity in the classroom. While this topic is not new in the field of music education, researchers argue that voices of minoritized groups remain absent in most music programs. Even if different music cultures are introduced, they often reinforce existing racial/ethnic stereotypes. In this column, I would like to share one concept that I found helpful in addressing diversity in the classroom. Through my own work, I learned that the music with which students engage outside the classroom affords rich potential to discuss issues related to diversity. Inviting students to bring in music that matters to them helps them develop their own voices and to recognize and respect different voices, through which we acknowledge the complexity and multiplicity of how diversity plays out in human experiences.

scholarly journals White Multicultural Voices in Southern Universities: An Overview

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-147
Author(s):  
Gina M. Doepker ◽  
Steven Chamberlain
Keyword(s):  
Public Education ◽  
Teacher Educators ◽  
Personal Narratives ◽  
The United States ◽  
Student Population ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Learning And Teaching ◽  
Diverse Student ◽  
Southern Universities ◽  
Diverse Student Population

AbstractIt is a fact that the diversity of today’s student population in schools across the United States is growing. According to the Center for Public Education (2012), it is also a fact that the majority of teachers in these schools are White, middleclass females. As a result of this demographic mismatch, teacher educators have been charged with the mission to help future teachers embrace multiculturalism so as to effectively meet the needs of this diverse student population. In order for this pedagogical shift to be successful, teacher educators themselves (who are also majority White) must first embrace the tenets of multiculturalism as well. This article introduces the Special Issue of Muticultural Learning and Teaching (MLT) that presents the personal narratives regarding multiculturalism of several White scholars in academia who currently work in the field of teacher education in southern universities where diversity abounds throughout the schools.

Southeast Asians in the United States

1987 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 4-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sue Bell ◽  
Michael Whiteford
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Social Change ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
The United States ◽  
Asian Origin ◽  
Southeast Asians ◽  
Western Countries ◽  
Indochinese Refugees ◽  
Origin Group

Since 1975 about 1.5 million Indochinese have been granted asylum in Western countries, with about half of them coming to the United States. If all of the different ethnic groups (Cambodian, Vietnamese, Chinese-Vietnamese, Hmong, Lao, Tat Dam) are taken together, the Indochinese are now the largest Asian-origin group in the United States. Other countries taking substantial numbers of Indochinese refugees are Australia, Canada, New Zealand, France and Norway. The following papers look at Indochinese refugees in the United States and examine the roles anthropologists have played in studying as well as assisting in the often difficult process of social change and adjustment.

Effectiveness of Programs for the Prevention of Child Sexual Abuse

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amaia Del Campo ◽  
Marisalva Fávero
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Prevention Programs ◽  
The United States ◽  
Sexual Abuse Prevention ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Methodological Considerations

Abstract. During the last decades, several studies have been conducted on the effectiveness of sexual abuse prevention programs implemented in different countries. In this article, we present a review of 70 studies (1981–2017) evaluating prevention programs, conducted mostly in the United States and Canada, although with a considerable presence also in other countries, such as New Zealand and the United Kingdom. The results of these studies, in general, are very promising and encourage us to continue this type of intervention, almost unanimously confirming its effectiveness. Prevention programs encourage children and adolescents to report the abuse experienced and they may help to reduce the trauma of sexual abuse if there are victims among the participants. We also found that some evaluations have not considered the possible negative effects of this type of programs in the event that they are applied inappropriately. Finally, we present some methodological considerations as critical analysis to this type of evaluations.

scholarly journals The use of mechanical restraint in Pacific Rim countries: an international epidemiological study

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Newton-Howes ◽  
M. K. Savage ◽  
R. Arnold ◽  
T. Hasegawa ◽  
V. Staggs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
International Comparisons ◽  
The United States ◽  
Pacific Rim ◽  
Persons With Disabilities ◽  
Mechanical Restraint ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Bed Days ◽  
Compare And Contrast

Abstract Aims The use of mechanical restraint is a challenging area for psychiatry. Although mechanical restraint remains accepted as standard practice in some regions, there are ethical, legal and medical reasons to minimise or abolish its use. These concerns have intensified following the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities. Despite national policies to reduce use, the reporting of mechanical restraint has been poor, hampering a reasonable understanding of the epidemiology of restraint. This paper aims to develop a consistent measure of mechanical restraint and compare the measure within and across countries in the Pacific Rim. Methods We used the publicly available data from four Pacific Rim countries (Australia, New Zealand, Japan and the United States) to compare and contrast the reported rates of mechanical restraint. Summary measures were computed so as to enable international comparisons. Variation within each jurisdiction was also analysed. Results International rates of mechanical restraint in 2017 varied from 0.03 (New Zealand) to 98.9 (Japan) restraint events per million population per day, a variation greater than 3000-fold. Restraint in Australia (0.17 events per million) and the United States (0.37 events per million) fell between these two extremes. Variation as measured by restraint events per 1000 bed-days was less extreme but still substantial. Within all four countries there was also significant variation in restraint across districts. Variation across time did not show a steady reduction in restraint in any country during the period for which data were available (starting from 2003 at the earliest). Conclusions Policies to reduce or abolish mechanical restraint do not appear to be effecting change. It is improbable that the variation in restraint within the four examined Pacific Rim countries is accountable for by psychopathology. Greater efforts at reporting, monitoring and carrying out interventions to achieve the stated aim of reducing restraint are urgently needed.

scholarly journals Greater female first author citation advantages do not associate with reduced or reducing gender disparities in academia

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 1283-1297
Author(s):  
Mike Thelwall ◽  
Pardeep Sud
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
The United States ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Science Technology ◽  
Small Fields ◽  
English Speaking ◽  
Author Citation ◽  
And Mathematics ◽  
Weak Tendency

Ongoing problems attracting women into many Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) subjects have many potential explanations. This article investigates whether the possible undercitation of women associates with lower proportions of, or increases in, women in a subject. It uses six million articles published in 1996–2012 across up to 331 fields in six mainly English-speaking countries: Australia, Canada, Ireland, New Zealand, the United Kingdom and the United States. The proportion of female first- and last-authored articles in each year was calculated and 4,968 regressions were run to detect first-author gender advantages in field normalized article citations. The proportion of female first authors in each field correlated highly between countries and the female first-author citation advantages derived from the regressions correlated moderately to strongly between countries, so both are relatively field specific. There was a weak tendency in the United States and New Zealand for female citation advantages to be stronger in fields with fewer women, after excluding small fields, but there was no other association evidence. There was no evidence of female citation advantages or disadvantages to be a cause or effect of changes in the proportions of women in a field for any country. Inappropriate uses of career-level citations are a likelier source of gender inequities.

scholarly journals Polyurethane-Coated Implants for Prevention of Double-Bubble Effect in Breast Augmentation

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 2513826X2110289
Author(s):  
Vitali Bagirov
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Breast Augmentation ◽  
Cosmetic Surgery ◽  
The United States ◽  
Treatment Result ◽  
Lower Pole ◽  
Common Complication ◽  
Breast Volume ◽  
Double Bubble ◽  
Growing Body

Breast augmentation is the most frequently performed cosmetic surgery in the United States, with approximately 279,000 patients every year. The so-called double-bubble effect (DBE) is a common complication in breast augmentation. This complication is characterized by folds running along the lower pole of the breast, forming distinct bubble-like protrusions above and below the fold. Factors that increase the risk of DBE include bulbous breasts and a large native breast volume. There is evidence that polyurethane-coated (PU) implants may help to reduce the risk of DBE. We describe here the case of a 47-year old patient for whom DBE has recurred in each of 4 tandem breast surgeries. PU implants ultimately appeared to prevent the DBE, leading to an aesthetically satisfying treatment result for the patient. This case adds weigh to the growing body of evidence that supports the use of polyurethane implants to prevent DBE.

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