scholarly journals 1149. Application of a Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction Test for Diagnosing Bacterial Enteritis in Children in a Real-Life Clinical Setting

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S666-S666
Author(s):  
Hyun Woo Lee ◽  
Seung Beom Han ◽  
Jung-Woo Rhim
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Acute Gastroenteritis ◽  
Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
Polymerase Chain Reaction Test ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Abstract Background Although a bacterial multiplex polymerase chain reaction (mPCR) test should be performed selectively in patients with gastrointestinal symptoms consistent with bacterial enteritis, its usefulness has been evaluated upon stool samples as requested by clinicians, without considering the patients’ gastrointestinal symptoms or clinical diagnoses. This study aimed to determine the subjects to bacterial mPCR testing and to interpret the mPCR test results with considering patients’ clinical symptoms and diagnoses. Methods Medical records of 710 pediatric patients for whom a bacterial mPCR test was performed were retrospectively reviewed. Clinical characteristics and mPCR test results were compared between patients with positive mPCR test results (n = 199) and those with negative mPCR test results (n = 511) and between patients in whom inflammatory pathogens (Campylobacter spp. and Salmonella spp.) were identified (n = 95) and those in whom toxigenic pathogens (Clostridium spp.) were identified (n = 70). Results A positive mPCR test result was significantly associated with an older age (p < 0.001), diagnosis of acute gastroenteritis (p = 0.021), presence of hematochezia (p < 0.001), and absence of cough (p = 0.004). The diagnosis of acute gastroenteritis (p = 0.003), presence of fever (p = 0.027) and diarrhea (p = 0.043), and a higher C-reactive protein level (p = 0.025) were significantly associated with the identification of inflammatory pathogens rather than toxigenic pathogens in patients with positive mPCR test results. Conclusion Bacterial mPCR testing should be performed selectively based on patients’ clinical symptoms and diagnoses, and its results should be interpreted with considering identified pathogens. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures

scholarly journals Application of a Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction Test for Diagnosing Bacterial Enteritis in Children in a Real-Life Clinical Setting

Children ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 538
Author(s):  
Hyun-Woo Lee ◽  
Seung-Beom Han ◽  
Jung-Woo Rhim
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Acute Gastroenteritis ◽  
Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Polymerase Chain Reaction Test ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Invasive Pathogens ◽  
Polymerase Chain

This study aimed to determine the subjects for bacterial multiplex polymerase chain reaction (mPCR) testing and to interpret the mPCR test results based on patients’ clinical symptoms and diagnoses. The medical records of 710 pediatric patients who underwent a bacterial mPCR test were retrospectively reviewed. Clinical characteristics and mPCR test results were compared between patients with positive (n = 199) and negative mPCR test results (n = 511) and between patients with invasive pathogens (n = 95) and toxigenic pathogens (n = 70). Positive mPCR test results were significantly associated with older age (p < 0.001), diagnosis of acute gastroenteritis (p = 0.021), presence of hematochezia (p < 0.001), and absence of cough (p = 0.004). The diagnosis of acute gastroenteritis (p = 0.003), presence of fever (p = 0.027) and diarrhea (p = 0.043), and higher C-reactive protein levels (p = 0.025) were significantly associated with the identification of invasive pathogens in patients with positive mPCR test results. Thus, selective bacterial mPCR testing should be performed based on the patients’ clinical symptoms and diagnoses, and the results should be interpreted in consideration with identified pathogens.

scholarly journals COVID-19 with repeated positive test results for SARS-CoV-2 by PCR and then negative test results twice during intensive care: a case report

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Masafumi Kanamoto ◽  
Masaru Tobe ◽  
Tomonori Takazawa ◽  
Shigeru Saito
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Polymerase Chain Reaction Test ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Negative Test ◽  
Computed Tomographic ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Test Result

Abstract Background Determining the infectiousness of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 is crucial for patient management. Medical staff usually refer to the results of reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction tests in conjunction with clinical symptoms and computed tomographic images. Case presentation We report a case of a 62-year-old Japanese man who twice had positive and negative test results by polymerase chain reaction for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 over 48 days of hospitalization, including in intensive care. His respiratory symptoms and computed tomographic imaging findings consistent with coronavirus disease 2019 improved following initial intensive care, and the result of his polymerase chain reaction test became negative 3 days before discharge from the intensive care unit. However, 4 days after this first negative result, his polymerase chain reaction test result was positive again, and another 4 days later, he had a negative result once more. Eight days after the second polymerase chain reaction negative test result, the patient’s test result again became positive. Finally, his polymerase chain reaction results were negative 43 days after his first hospitalization. Conclusions This case emphasizes the importance of repeat polymerase chain reaction testing and diagnosis based on multiple criteria, including clinical symptoms and computed tomographic imaging findings. Clinical staff should consider that a negative result by polymerase chain reaction does not necessarily certify complete coronavirus disease 2019 recovery.

scholarly journals Febrile Seizures and Respiratory Viruses Determined by Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction Test and Clinical Diagnosis

Children ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 234
Author(s):  
Ji Yoon Han ◽  
Seung Beom Han
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Respiratory Viruses ◽  
Polymerase Chain Reaction Test ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Tract Infections

Febrile seizure (FS) is a common benign seizure disorder of young children. Although upper respiratory tract infection is the cause of fever in most episodes of FS, studies to identify respiratory viruses using a multiplex polymerase chain reaction (mPCR) test have rarely been performed for children with FS. Medical records of children presenting with FS between January 2015 and December 2019 were retrospectively reviewed. Respiratory viruses identified by a rapid influenza detection test and mPCR test were investigated, and their seasonal distribution and the association between viral identification and seizure characteristics were determined. A total of 607 episodes of FS were analyzed: 81.1% of cases were generalized tonic–clonic seizures, 81.5% occurred within 24 h after fever onset, and 87.3% continued for ≤5 min. Complex FS occurred in 17.5% of FS episodes, and epilepsy was diagnosed in 2.5% of tracked cases. Of the 138 mPCR tests performed in 235 hospitalized episodes of FS, 112 (81.2%) tested positive for respiratory viruses: rhinovirus, enterovirus, adenovirus, and influenza virus were most frequently identified. The identified respiratory viruses showed similar seasonal distributions as were observed in community-acquired respiratory tract infections. The identification of a specific respiratory virus was not significantly associated with seizure characteristics or the development of complex FS. In conclusion, respiratory viruses, showing similar seasonal distributions with community-acquired respiratory tract infections and no significant association with the severity and outcomes of FS, should not be rigorously tested for in children with FS.

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