scholarly journals 1224. In vitro Activities of Ceftaroline and Comparator Agents against Gram-positive Bacterial Pathogens Causing Blood Stream Infections in a Global Population: ATLAS Surveillance Program 2012-2019

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S701-S702
Author(s):  
Meredith Hackel ◽  
Gregory Stone ◽  
Daniel F Sahm
Keyword(s):  
Blood Stream ◽  
Vitro Activity ◽  
Surveillance Program ◽  
In Vitro Activity ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococci ◽  
Independent Contractor ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Blood Stream Infections ◽  
Ceftaroline Fosamil

Abstract Background Typical gram-positive organisms causing bloodstream infections (BSI) include Staphylococcus aureus (methicillin-susceptible [MSSA] and -nonsusceptible [MRSA]), coagulase negative staphylococci, Streptococcus pneumoniae and beta hemolytic streptococci. The parenteral cephem ceftaroline fosamil is approved for treatment of patients with community-acquired bacterial pneumonia caused by S. pneumoniae (including cases with concurrent bacteremia), MSSA, Haemophilus influenzae, and some species of Enterobacterales. Limited data have been published on the in vitro activity of ceftaroline against recent gram-positive clinical isolates known to be frequent bacterial causes of blood stream infections. Methods Standard CLSI broth microdilution MIC determinations (M07) were performed with ceftaroline and comparator agents. MICs were interpreted using 2021 CLSI MIC breakpoints. Clinically relevant, non-duplicate, isolates cultured from blood by clinical laboratories in 2012-2019 were tested by the ATLAS (Antimicrobial Testing Leadership and Surveillance) program central laboratory (IHMA, Inc., Schaumburg, IL, USA). In total, 21,967 non-duplicate isolates of S. aureus, S. epidermidis, S. pneumoniae and beta hemolytic streptococci from BSI collected between 2012 and 2019 were tested. Isolates came from (n/%): Asia/South Pacific (2,970/13.5%), Europe (13,691/62.3%), Latin America (2,824/12.9%), MidEast/Africa (1,498/6.8%), and North America (Canada only) (984/4.5%). Results Ceftaroline and comparator agent activities are summarized in the following table. Results Table Conclusion Greater than 99% of S. pneumoniae, beta-hemolytic streptococci and MSSA isolates included in a 2012-2019 collection of gram-positive blood stream pathogens were susceptible to ceftaroline. 90.8% of MRSA were susceptible, and 9.1% isolates categorized as susceptible-dose dependent (MIC, 2-4 µg/mL); four isolates (two from Thailand and one each from China and S. Korea) were resistant to ceftaroline (MIC >4 µg/mL). The ceftaroline MIC90 for S. epidermidis was 0.5 µg/mL, with 97.7% of MICs ≤1 µg/mL. Ceftaroline continues to demonstrate potent in vitro activity against clinically relevant pathogens associated with BSI. Disclosures Meredith Hackel, PhD MPH, IHMA (Employee)Pfizer, Inc. (Independent Contractor) Gregory Stone, PhD, AztraZeneca (Shareholder, Former Employee)Pfizer, Inc. (Employee) Daniel F. Sahm, PhD, IHMA (Employee)Pfizer, Inc. (Independent Contractor)

scholarly journals 1566. In vitro Activities of Ceftaroline and Comparator Agents against Gram-positive Bacterial Pathogens Causing Blood Stream Infections in a Global Population: ATLAS Surveillance Program 2012-2018

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S782-S783
Author(s):  
Meredith Hackel ◽  
Greg Stone ◽  
Daniel F Sahm
Keyword(s):  
Blood Stream ◽  
Vitro Activity ◽  
Surveillance Program ◽  
In Vitro Activity ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococci ◽  
Independent Contractor ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Blood Stream Infections ◽  
Ceftaroline Fosamil

Abstract Background Typical gram-positive organisms causing bloodstream infections (BSI) include Staphylococcus aureus (methicillin-susceptible [MSSA] and -nonsusceptible [MRSA]), coagulase negative staphylococci, Streptococcus pneumoniae and beta hemolytic streptococci. The parenteral cephem ceftaroline fosamil is approved for treatment of patients with community-acquired bacterial pneumonia caused by S. pneumoniae (including cases with concurrent bacteremia), MSSA, Haemophilus influenzae, and some species of Enterobacterales. Limited data have been published on the in vitro activity of ceftaroline against recent gram-positive clinical isolates known to be frequent bacterial causes of blood stream infections. Methods Standard CLSI broth microdilution MIC determinations (M07) were performed with ceftaroline and comparator agents. MICs were interpreted using 2020 CLSI MIC breakpoints. Clinically relevant, non-duplicate, isolates cultured from blood by clinical laboratories in 2012-2018 were tested by the ATLAS (Antimicrobial Testing Leadership and Surveillance) program central laboratory (IHMA, Inc., Schaumburg, IL, USA). In total, 10,998 non-duplicate isolates of S. aureus, S. epidermidis, S. pneumoniae and beta hemolytic streptococci from BSI collected between 2012 and 2018 were tested. Isolates came from (n/%): Asia/South Pacific (1,739/15.8%), Europe (5,448/49.5%), Latin America (1,805/16.4%), MidEast/Africa (861/7.8%), and North America (1,145/10.4%). Results Ceftaroline and comparator agent activities are summarized in the following table. Table Conclusion Greater than 98% of S. pneumoniae, S. epidermidis, beta-hemolytic streptococci and MSSA isolates included in a 2012-2018 collection of gram-positive blood stream pathogens were susceptible to ceftaroline. 91.4% of MRSA were susceptible, and 8.6% isolates categorized as susceptible-dose dependent (MIC, 2-4 ug/mL); two isolates (one each from Thailand and S. Korea) were resistant to ceftaroline (MIC >4 ug/mL). Ceftaroline continues to demonstrate potent in vitro activity against clinically relevant pathogens associated with BSI. Disclosures Greg Stone, PhD, AztraZeneca (Shareholder, Former Employee)Pfizer, Inc. (Employee) Daniel F. Sahm, PhD, IHMA (Employee)Pfizer, Inc. (Consultant)Shionogi & Co., Ltd. (Independent Contractor)

scholarly journals In Vitro Activity of Omadacycline and Comparator Compounds Against Gram-positive Isolates Collected in the USA During 2016 as Part of a Global Surveillance Program

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (suppl_1) ◽  
pp. S374-S374
Author(s):  
Michael D Huband ◽  
Michael a Pfaller ◽  
Helio S Sader ◽  
Robert K Flamm
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Mechanisms ◽  
Vitro Activity ◽  
Surveillance Program ◽  
Ionization Mass ◽  
In Vitro Activity ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococci ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Resistant Strains ◽  
Research Grant

Abstract Background Omadacycline (OMC) is a broad spectrum aminomethylcycline antibacterial in late stage clinical development (PO and IV formulations) for treatment of acute bacterial skin and skin structure infections (ABSSSI) and community-acquired bacterial pneumonia (CABP). OMC has potent in vitro activity against gram-positive (GP) pathogens expressing common resistance mechanisms to penicillins, tetracyclines, fluoroquinolones and macrolides. Methods A total of 4,122 GP isolates were collected in 2016 from 30 USA medical centers and included 2,366 staphylococci, 1,252 streptococci and 504 enterococci. A single isolate/patient/infection episode was included. Identifications were confirmed by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry and susceptibility (S) testing was performed using reference broth microdilution methods. Results OMC was equally active against methicillin-susceptible (55.1% MSSA) and -resistant (44.9% MRSA) Staphylococcus aureus (SA; MIC50/90, 0.12/0.25 µg/mL). All SA were S to daptomycin (DAP), linezolid (LZD) and vancomycin (VAN). In MRSA, S was lower for levofloxacin (LEV; 28.2%), clindamycin (CLI; 69.9%), and erythromycin (ERY; 10.9%). OMC (MIC50/90, 0.12/0.5 µg/mL) and tigecycline (TGC; MIC50/90, 0.06/12 µg/mL) were the most active agents against coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) and methicillin-R CoNS. S. pneumoniae (including penicillin- [12.8% resistant], ceftriaxone- and ERY-resistant strains), viridans group streptococci (VGS) and β-hemolytic streptococci (including ERY and tetracycline resistant strains) were inhibited by low levels of OMC (MIC50/90 0.06/0.06–0.12 µg/mL) and TGC (MIC50/90 0.03–0.06/0.06–0.12 µg/mL). OMC was highly potent against enterococci (MIC50/90 0.12/0.25 µg/mL) including vancomycin-R isolates. Vancomycin resistance rates were 4.3% and 66.5% in E. faecalis and E. faecium, respectively. Conclusion OMC demonstrated potent activity against susceptible and resistant GP pathogens often associated with ABSSSI and CABP including staphylococci, S. pneumoniae, β-hemolytic streptococci, VGS and enterococci. These data support further omadacycline clinical studies, especially in infections where resistant GP isolates occur. Disclosures M. D. Huband, Paratek Pharma, LLC: Research Contractor, Research grant; M. A. Pfaller, Paratek Pharma, LLC: Research Contractor, Research grant; H. S. Sader, Paratek Pharma, LLC: Research Contractor, Research grant R. K. Flamm, Paratek Pharma, LLC: Research Contractor, Research grant

scholarly journals 1245. In Vitro Activities of Ceftaroline and Comparator Agents Against Bacterial Pathogens Collected from Patients with Skin and Skin Structure Infections: ATLAS Global Surveillance Program 2012-2019

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S711-S711
Author(s):  
Meredith Hackel ◽  
Gregory Stone ◽  
Daniel F Sahm
Keyword(s):  
Klebsiella Oxytoca ◽  
Vitro Activity ◽  
Surveillance Program ◽  
In Vitro Activity ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Independent Contractor ◽  
Ceftaroline Fosamil ◽  
Skin Structure ◽  
Dose Dependent

Abstract Background Ceftaroline fosamil, the prodrug of ceftaroline, is a parenteral cephem approved for the treatment of patients with skin and skin structure infections (SSSIs) caused by Staphylococcus aureus (both methicillin-susceptible [MSSA] and methicillin-resistant [MRSA] isolates), β-hemolytic streptococci (Streptococcus pyogenes, S. agalactiae, S. dysgalactiae), and select species of Enterobacterales (Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Klebsiella oxytoca). The current study is part of the ATLAS (Antimicrobial Testing Leadership and Surveillance) program and evaluated the current activities of ceftaroline and comparator agents against commonly encountered bacterial isolates associated with SSSIs. Methods From 2012 to 2019 the ATLAS program received 124,694 bacterial isolates that had been cultured by 493 clinical laboratories in 71 countries from samples of patients diagnosed with SSSIs. All isolates were transported to IHMA, (Schaumburg, IL, USA) where their identities were confirmed using MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry and antimicrobial susceptibility testing performed following standardized CLSI broth microdilution methodology (M07). Percent susceptibilities were determined using 2021 CLSI MIC breakpoints. Phenotypic extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) screening and confirmatory testing were performed using the CLSI M100 method. Results The in vitro activity of ceftaroline is summarized in the following table. Overall, >99.9% of MSSA and 92.8% of MRSA from SSSI were susceptible to ceftaroline (MIC ≤1 µg/ml); 7.1% of MRSA isolates were ceftaroline-susceptible dose-dependent (MIC 2-4 µg/ml) with greatest proportion being from Chile (53.3% of 392 isolates), S. Korea (29.3% of 321 isolates), and China (24.7% of 652 isolates). Twelve ceftaroline-resistant MRSA were observed, consisting of 11 of 109 isolates from Thailand (10.1%) and 1 of 161 from China (0.6%). All S. pyogenes and 88.0% of ESBL-negative Enterobacterales were susceptible to ceftaroline. Results Table Conclusion Ceftaroline continues to demonstrate potent in vitro activity against clinically relevant pathogens associated with SSSIs. Disclosures Meredith Hackel, PhD MPH, IHMA (Employee)Pfizer, Inc. (Independent Contractor) Gregory Stone, PhD, AztraZeneca (Shareholder, Former Employee)Pfizer, Inc. (Employee) Daniel F. Sahm, PhD, IHMA (Employee)Pfizer, Inc. (Independent Contractor)

scholarly journals 1565. In Vitro Activities of Ceftaroline and Comparator Agents against Bacterial Pathogens Collected from Patients with Skin and Skin Structure Infections: ATLAS Global Surveillance Program 2012-2018

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S782-S782
Author(s):  
Meredith Hackel ◽  
Greg Stone ◽  
Daniel F Sahm
Keyword(s):  
Klebsiella Oxytoca ◽  
Vitro Activity ◽  
Surveillance Program ◽  
In Vitro Activity ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Independent Contractor ◽  
Ceftaroline Fosamil ◽  
Skin Structure ◽  
Dose Dependent

Abstract Background Ceftaroline fosamil, the prodrug of ceftaroline, is a parenteral cephem approved for the treatment of patients with skin and skin structure infections (SSSIs) caused by Staphylococcus aureus (both methicillin-susceptible [MSSA] and methicillin-resistant [MRSA] isolates), β-hemolytic streptococci (Streptococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus agalactiae), and select species of Enterobacterales (Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Klebsiella oxytoca). The current study is part of the ATLAS (Antimicrobial Testing Leadership and Surveillance) program and evaluated the current activities of ceftaroline and comparator agents against commonly encountered bacterial isolates associated with SSSIs. Methods From 2012 to 2018 the ATLAS program received 90,119 bacterial isolates that had been cultured by 370 clinical laboratories in 56 countries from samples of patients diagnosed with SSSIs. All isolates were transported to IHMA, Inc., (Schaumburg, IL, USA) where their identities were confirmed using MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry and antimicrobial susceptibility testing performed following standardized CLSI broth microdilution methodology (M07). Percent susceptibilities were determined using 2020 CLSI MIC breakpoints. Phenotypic ESBL screening and confirmatory testing were performed using the CLSI M100 method. Results The in vitro activity of ceftaroline is summarized in the following table. Overall, 100% of MSSA and 93.8% of MRSA from SSSI were susceptible to ceftaroline (MIC ≤1 µg/ml); 6.2% of MRSA isolates were ceftaroline -susceptible dose-dependent (MIC 2-4 µg/ml) with greatest proportion being from Chile (57.1% of 1,669 isolates), Thailand (36.5% of 2,318 isolates), and S. Korea (29.3% of 1,231 isolates). No ceftaroline-resistant MRSA were observed. All S. pyogenes and 88.5% of ESBL-negative Enterobacterales were also susceptible to ceftaroline. Table Conclusion Ceftaroline continues to demonstrate potent in vitro activity against clinically relevant pathogens associated with SSSIs. Disclosures Greg Stone, PhD, AztraZeneca (Shareholder, Former Employee)Pfizer, Inc. (Employee) Daniel F. Sahm, PhD, IHMA (Employee)Pfizer, Inc. (Consultant)Shionogi & Co., Ltd. (Independent Contractor)

scholarly journals 1271. In vitro Activities of Ceftaroline and Comparator Agents Against Bacterial Pathogens Frequently Causing Community-Acquired Respiratory Tract Infections in Patients from a Global Population: ATLAS Surveillance Program 2016-2019

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S724-S724
Author(s):  
Meredith Hackel ◽  
Gregory Stone ◽  
Daniel F Sahm
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Vitro Activity ◽  
Surveillance Program ◽  
In Vitro Activity ◽  
Independent Contractor ◽  
Ceftaroline Fosamil ◽  
Comparator Agent ◽  
Tract Infections

Abstract Background Community-acquired bacterial pneumonia (CABP) is a frequent cause of patient morbidity and mortality. Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, and Moraxella catarrhalis are frequent etiologic agents of CABP. Ceftaroline fosamil is a parenteral cephem approved for treatment of patients with CABP caused by S. pneumoniae (including cases with concurrent bacteremia), methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA), H. influenzae, and some species of Enterobacterales. In this study we report the in vitro activity of ceftaroline and comparators against isolates from community-acquired respiratory tract infections (CARTI) collected through a global surveillance program. Methods Clinically relevant, non-duplicate, isolates cultured from respiratory specimens by clinical laboratories in 54 countries in 2016-2019 were collected by the ATLAS Surveillance Program central laboratory (IHMA, Schaumburg, IL, USA). In total, 2,636 isolates of S. pneumoniae, H. influenzae, M. catarrhalis, MSSA, and methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) were tested. The isolates (n/percent of total) originated from Asia/South Pacific (722/27.4%); Europe (1481/56.2%); Latin America (292/11.1%); Middle East/Africa (57/2.2%); and North America (Canada only) (84/3.2%). Ceftaroline and comparator agent MICs were determined by CLSI M07 broth microdilution methodology. MICs were interpreted using 2021 CLSI M100 MIC breakpoints. Results Ceftaroline and comparator agent in vitro activities are summarized in the table. Greater than 98% of S. pneumoniae and >99% of MSSA were susceptible to ceftaroline, including penicillin-nonsusceptible S. pneumoniae based on a dosage of 600 mg every 12h. Sixty-four (24.4%) MRSA were ceftaroline-susceptible-dose-dependent (MIC 2-4 µg/mL) based on a dosage of 600 mg every 8h administered over 2h, with the majority from (n) China (70), S. Korea (19), Japan (10), and Chile (8). Three isolates, all from China, were resistant to CPT (MIC of 8 µg/mL). 99.2% of H. influenzae were susceptible to ceftaroline. Results Table Conclusion Ceftaroline demonstrated potent in vitro activity against current pathogens associated with CABP from a global collection. Disclosures Meredith Hackel, PhD MPH, IHMA (Employee)Pfizer, Inc. (Independent Contractor) Gregory Stone, PhD, AztraZeneca (Shareholder, Former Employee)Pfizer, Inc. (Employee) Daniel F. Sahm, PhD, IHMA (Employee)Pfizer, Inc. (Independent Contractor)

scholarly journals Analysis of Oritavancin Activity against Gram-Positive Clinical Isolates Responsible for Bacterial Endocarditis in United States and European Hospitals (2008–2016)

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (suppl_1) ◽  
pp. S369-S369 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael A Pfaller ◽  
Helio S Sader ◽  
Dee Shortridge ◽  
Robert K Flamm ◽  
Rodrigo E Mendes
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Active Agent ◽  
Bacterial Endocarditis ◽  
Vitro Activity ◽  
Surveillance Program ◽  
In Vitro Activity ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococci ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Research Grant

Abstract Background Oritavancin (ORI) has documented in vitro activity against gram-positive (GP) isolates. This study analyzed ORI tested against organisms causing endocarditis in United States (US) and European (EU) sites. Methods A total of 424 organisms recovered from patients with a diagnosis of bacterial endocarditis at US and EU sites during the SENTRY Antimicrobial Surveillance Program (2008–2016) were included (see Table). Isolates were identified by standard biochemical algorithms and MALDI-TOF. Susceptibility (S) testing was performed by CLSI methods, and MICs were interpreted per CLSI and/or EUCAST criteria. Results Among the 424 isolates, 212 (50.0%) were S. aureus (SA; 31.6% methicillin-resistant [MRSA]), 47 (11.1%) were coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS), 81 (19.1%) were E. faecalis (EFC), 21 (5.0%) were E. faecium (EFM), 24 (5.7%) were BHS, and 39 (9.2%) were viridans group streptococci (VGS). ORI had similar MIC90 values (0.06 µg/mL) against SA and CoNS, inhibiting 98.8% of these isolates at ≤0.12 µg/mL. ORI MIC50 values were 8- to 32-fold lower than those for vancomycin (VAN), daptomycin (DAP), and ceftaroline (CPT) against staphylococci. ORI showed MICs against EFM (MIC50/90, 0.008/0.03 µg/mL) that were 2-fold lower than against EFC (MIC50/90, 0.015/0.03 µg/mL; 97.5%S against all or 100%S against indicated VAN-S isolates). ORI inhibited 98.0% of all enterococci, including VAN-resistant isolates at ≤0.12 µg/mL. VAN, DAP, ampicillin (MIC50/90, ≤1/2 µg/mL), and linezolid (LZD) (MIC50/90, 1/2 µg/mL) were similarly active against EFC, while DAP and LZD had coverage (100.0%S) against EFM. Overall, BHS were highly S to all agents tested, except for erythromycin (70.8%S) and tetracycline (43.5%S). ORI was the most active agent (MIC90, 0.12 µg/mL) tested against VGS. Conclusion ORI showed potent in vitro activity against isolates recovered from patients with endocarditis in US and EU sites. The data presented here warrant further investigations to determine whether ORI has a role for treating endocarditis. Disclosures M. A. Pfaller, The Medicines Company: Research Contractor, Research grant; H. S. Sader, The Medicines Company: Research Contractor, Research grant; D. Shortridge, The Medicines Company: Research Contractor, Research grant; R. K. Flamm, The Medicines Company: Research Contractor, Research grant; R. E. Mendes, The Medicines Company: Research Contractor, Research grant

scholarly journals In vitro Activity of Ceftaroline Against Pathogens Collected Globally from the AWARE Surveillance Program, 2016

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (suppl_1) ◽  
pp. S379-S379
Author(s):  
Meredith Hackel ◽  
Joseph Iaconis ◽  
Dan Sahm
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Blood Stream ◽  
Vitro Activity ◽  
Surveillance Program ◽  
In Vitro Activity ◽  
Ceftaroline Fosamil ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Complicated Skin ◽  
Tract Infections

Abstract Background Ceftaroline, the active metabolite of ceftaroline fosamil, is a cephalosporin developed for treating infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus, including methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA), Streptococcus pneumoniae, β-hemolytic streptococci, and some Gram-negative pathogens. This study reports the in vitro activity of ceftaroline against clinically relevant isolates collected in 2016 from the AWARE Surveillance Program. Methods 22,752 non-duplicate methicillin-sensitive S. aureus (MSSA), MRSA, S. pneumoniae, β-hemolytic streptococci (S. pyogenes, S. agalactiae, S. dysgalactiae) Haemophilus influenzae, and extended spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-negative Enterobacteriaceae were collected from (n/%) Asia/South Pacific (4,215/18.5%), Europe (12,962/57.0%), Latin America (3,384/14.9%), and Middle East/Africa (2,191/9.6%) during 2016. Isolates were from (n/%) complicated intraabdominal (2,149/9.5%), complicated urinary tract (3,029/13.3%), complicated skin and skin structure (8,271/36.4%), blood stream (2,422/10.6%) and lower respiratory tract infections (6,881/30.2%). MIC values were determined by broth microdilution and interpreted using CLSI breakpoints. Results Ceftaroline activity, based on % susceptibility (%S) and MIC90, is shown in the table. Ceftaroline was active in vitro against both Gram-positive (100% of MSSA, 93.6% of MRSA and 99.7% of S. pneumoniae) and Gram-negative (99.7% of H. influenzae and 91.7% of ESBL-negative Enterobacteriaceae) isolates. Conclusion Based on these data generated with isolates collected in 2016, ceftaroline exhibited potent in vitro activity against clinically relevant isolates, with >91% of all isolates susceptible at their CLSI breakpoints. Funding: This study was sponsored by AstraZeneca. The AstraZeneca product ceftaroline fosamil was acquired by Pfizer in December 2016. Disclosures J. Iaconis, AstraZeneca: Employee and Shareholder, Salary and Shareholder in AstraZeneca

scholarly journals Comparative In Vitro Activity Profile of Oritavancin against Recent Gram-Positive Clinical Isolates

2009 ◽  
Vol 53 (11) ◽  
pp. 4762-4771 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francis F. Arhin ◽  
Deborah C. Draghi ◽  
Chris M. Pillar ◽  
Thomas R. Parr ◽  
Gregory Moeck ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Pyogenes ◽  
Resistance Rate ◽  
Vitro Activity ◽  
In Vitro Activity ◽  
Activity Profile ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococci ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Streptococcal Species ◽  
Resistance Rates

ABSTRACT Oritavancin activity was tested against 15,764 gram-positive isolates collected from 246 hospital centers in 25 countries between 2005 and 2008. Organisms were Staphylococcus aureus (n = 9,075), coagulase-negative staphylococci (n = 1,664), Enterococcus faecalis (n = 1,738), Enterococcus faecium (n = 819), Streptococcus pyogenes (n = 959), Streptococcus agalactiae (n = 415), group C, G, and F streptococci (n = 84), and Streptococcus pneumoniae (n = 1,010). Among the evaluated staphylococci, 56.7% were resistant to oxacillin. The vancomycin resistance rate among enterococci was 21.2%. Penicillin-resistant and -intermediate rates were 14.7% and 21.4%, respectively, among S. pneumoniae isolates. Among nonpneumococcal streptococci, 18.5% were nonsusceptible to erythromycin. Oritavancin showed substantial in vitro activity against all organisms tested, regardless of resistance profile. The maximum oritavancin MIC against all staphylococci tested (n = 10,739) was 4 μg/ml; the MIC90 against S. aureus was 0.12 μg/ml. Against E. faecalis and E. faecium, oritavancin MIC90s were 0.06 and 0.12, respectively. Oritavancin was active against glycopeptide-resistant enterococci, including VanA strains (n = 486), with MIC90s of 0.25 and 1 μg/ml against VanA E. faecium and E. faecalis, respectively. Oritavancin showed potent activity against streptococci (n = 2,468); MIC90s for the different streptococcal species were between 0.008 and 1 μg/ml. These data are consistent with previous studies with respect to resistance rates of gram-positive isolates and demonstrate the spectrum and in vitro activity of oritavancin against a wide variety of contemporary gram-positive pathogens, regardless of resistance to currently used drugs. The data provide a foundation for interpreting oritavancin activity and potential changes in susceptibility over time once oritavancin enters into clinical use.

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