scholarly journals Intraoperative Fluorescence Cerebral Angiography by Laser Surgical Microscopy: Comparison With Xenon Microscopy and Simultaneous Observation of Cerebral Blood Flow and Surrounding Structures

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 700-706 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuhei Ito ◽  
Kyouichi Suzuki ◽  
Tsuyoshi Ichikawa ◽  
Yoichi Watanabe ◽  
Taku Sato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Blue Light ◽  
Cerebral Angiography ◽  
Red Light ◽  
Fluorescence Angiography ◽  
Sodium Fluorescein ◽  
Simultaneous Observation ◽  
Excitation Light ◽  
Laser Illumination

Abstract BACKGROUND Laser surgical microscopes should enable uniform illumination of the operative field, and require less luminous energy compared with existing xenon surgical microscopes. OBJECTIVE To examine the utility of laser illumination in fluorescence cerebral angiography. METHODS Fluorescein sodium (fluorescein) was used as a fluorescent dye. We first compared the clarity of cerebral blood flow images collected by fluorescence angiography between the laser illumination and xenon illumination methods. We then assessed use of the laser illuminator for simultaneous observation of blood flow and surrounding structures during fluorescence angiography. Furthermore, the study was designed to evaluate usefulness of the thus determined excitation light in clinical cases. RESULTS Fluorescence angiography using blue light laser for excitation provided higher clarity and contrast blood flow images compared with using blue light generated from a xenon lamp. Further, illumination with excitation light consisting of a combination of 3 types of laser (higher level of blue light, no green light, and lower level of red light) enabled both blood flow and surrounding structures to be observed through the microscope directly by the surgeon. CONCLUSION Laser-illuminated fluorescence angiography provides high clarity and contrast images of cerebral blood flow. Further, a laser providing strong blue light and weak red light for excitation light enables simultaneous visual observation of fluorescent blood flow and surrounding structures by the surgeon using a surgical microscope. Overall, these data suggest that laser surgical microscopes are useful for both ordinary operative manipulations and fluorescence angiography.

scholarly journals Non-invasive red-light optogenetic control of Drosophila cardiac function

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Men ◽  
Airong Li ◽  
Jason Jerwick ◽  
Zilong Li ◽  
Rudolph E. Tanzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blue Light ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Genetic Model ◽  
Imaging System ◽  
Red Light ◽  
Heart Rhythm ◽  
Light Stimulation ◽  
Excitation Light ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Recovery Dynamics

AbstractDrosophila is a powerful genetic model system for cardiovascular studies. Recently, optogenetic pacing tools have been developed to control Drosophila heart rhythm noninvasively with blue light, which has a limited penetration depth. Here we developed both a red-light sensitive opsin expressing Drosophila system and an integrated red-light stimulation and optical coherence microscopy (OCM) imaging system. We demonstrated noninvasive control of Drosophila cardiac rhythms using a single light source, including simulated tachycardia in ReaChR-expressing flies and bradycardia and cardiac arrest in halorhodopsin (NpHR)-expressing flies at multiple developmental stages. By using red excitation light, we were able to pace flies at higher efficiency and with lower power than with equivalent blue light excitation systems. The recovery dynamics after red-light stimulation of NpHR flies were observed and quantified. The combination of red-light stimulation, OCM imaging, and transgenic Drosophila systems provides a promising and easily manipulated research platform for noninvasive cardiac optogenetic studies.

Microscope-Integrated Quantitative Analysis of Intraoperative Indocyanine Green Fluorescence Angiography for Blood Flow Assessment: First Experience in 30 Patients

2011 ◽  
Vol 70 (suppl_1) ◽  
pp. ons65-ons74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcel A. Kamp ◽  
Philipp Slotty ◽  
Bernd Turowski ◽  
Nima Etminan ◽  
Hans-Jakob Steiger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Indocyanine Green ◽  
Transit Time ◽  
Rise Time ◽  
Fluorescence Angiography ◽  
Flow Index ◽  
Time To Peak ◽  
Transit Times ◽  
Blood Flow Index

Abstract BACKGROUND: Intraoperative measurements of cerebral blood flow are of interest during vascular neurosurgery. Near-infrared indocyanine green (ICG) fluorescence angiography was introduced for visualizing vessel patency intraoperatively. However, quantitative information has not been available. OBJECTIVE: To report our experience with a microscope with an integrated dynamic ICG fluorescence analysis system supplying semiquantitative information on blood flow. METHODS: We recorded ICG fluorescence curves of cortex and cerebral vessels using software integrated into the surgical microscope (Flow 800 software; Zeiss Pentero) in 30 patients undergoing surgery for different pathologies. The following hemodynamic parameters were assessed: maximum intensity, rise time, time to peak, time to half-maximal fluorescence, cerebral blood flow index, and transit times from arteries to cortex. RESULTS: For patients without obvious perfusion deficit, maximum fluorescence intensity was 177.7 arbitrary intensity units (AIs; 5-mg ICG bolus), mean rise time was 5.2 seconds (range, 2.9-8.2 seconds; SD, 1.3 seconds), mean time to peak was 9.4 seconds (range, 4.9-15.2 seconds; SD, 2.5 seconds), mean cerebral blood flow index was 38.6 AI/s (range, 13.5-180.6 AI/s; SD, 36.9 seconds), and mean transit time was 1.5 seconds (range, 360 milliseconds-3 seconds; SD, 0.73 seconds). For 3 patients with impaired cerebral perfusion, time to peak, rise time, and transit time between arteries and cortex were markedly prolonged (>20, >9 , and >5 seconds). In single patients, the degree of perfusion impairment could be quantified by the cerebral blood flow index ratios between normal and ischemic tissue. Transit times also reflected blood flow perturbations in arteriovenous fistulas. CONCLUSION: Quantification of ICG-based fluorescence angiography appears to be useful for intraoperative monitoring of arterial patency and regional cerebral blood flow.

Comparison of cerebral blood flow by radionuclide cerebral angiography and by microspheres in cats

1992 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 395-401 ◽  
Author(s):  
LINDA K. SNELLING ◽  
MARK A. HELFAER ◽  
RICHARD J. TRAYSTMAN ◽  
MARK C. ROGERS
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Cerebral Angiography

scholarly journals Non-invasive red-light optogenetic control of Drosophila cardiac function

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Men ◽  
Airong Li ◽  
Jason Jerwick ◽  
Zilong Li ◽  
Rudolph E. Tanzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blue Light ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Genetic Model ◽  
Imaging System ◽  
Red Light ◽  
Heart Rhythm ◽  
Light Stimulation ◽  
Excitation Light ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Recovery Dynamics

ABSTRACTDrosophila is a powerful genetic model system for cardiovascular studies. Recently, optogenetic pacing tools have been developed to control Drosophila heart rhythm noninvasively with blue light, which has a limited penetration depth. Here we developed both a red-light sensitive opsin expressing Drosophila system and an integrated red-light stimulation and optical coherence microscopy (OCM) imaging system. We demonstrated noninvasive control of Drosophila cardiac rhythms, including simulated tachycardia in ReaChR-expressing flies and bradycardia and cardiac arrest in halorhodopsin (NpHR)-expressing flies at multiple developmental stages. By using red excitation light, we were able to pace flies at higher efficiency and with lower power than with equivalent blue light excitation systems. The recovery dynamics after red-light stimulation of NpHR flies were observed and quantified. The combination of red-light stimulation, OCM imaging, and transgenic Drosophila systems provides a promising and easily manipulated research platform for noninvasive cardiac optogenetic studies.

Efficacy of Endoscopic Fluorescein Video Angiography in Aneurysm Surgery—Novel and Innovative Assessment of Vascular Blood Flow in the Dead Angles of the Microscope

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 471-481 ◽  
Author(s):  
Koji Hashimoto ◽  
Hiroyuki Kinouchi ◽  
Hideyuki Yoshioka ◽  
Kazuya Kanemaru ◽  
Masakazu Ogiwara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cerebral Aneurysms ◽  
Fluorescence Angiography ◽  
Sodium Fluorescein ◽  
Aneurysm Surgery ◽  
Bright Fluorescence ◽  
Endoscopic Video ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Dead ◽  
Skull Base Anatomy

Abstract BACKGROUND: In aneurysm surgery, assessment of the blood flow around the aneurysm is crucial. Recently, intraoperative fluorescence video angiography has been widely adopted for this purpose. However, the observation field of this procedure is limited to the microscopic view, and it is difficult to visualize blood flow obscured by the skull base anatomy, parent arteries, and aneurysm. OBJECTIVE: To demonstrate the efficacy of a new small-caliber endoscopic fluorescence video angiography system employing sodium fluorescein in aneurysm surgery for the first time. METHODS: Eighteen patients with 18 cerebral aneurysms were enrolled in this study. Both microscopic fluorescence angiography and endoscopic fluorescein video angiography were performed before and after clip placement. RESULTS: Endoscopic fluorescein video angiography provided bright fluorescence imaging even with a 2.7-mm-diameter endoscope and clearly revealed blood flow within the vessels in the dead angle areas of the microscope in all 18 aneurysms. Consequently, it revealed information about aneurysmal occlusion and perforator patency in 15 aneurysms (83.3%) that was not obtainable with microscopic fluorescence video angiography. Furthermore, only endoscopic video angiography detected the incomplete clipping in 2 aneurysms and the occlusion of the perforating branches in 3 aneurysms, which led to the reapplication of clips in 2 aneurysms. CONCLUSION: The innovative endoscopic fluorescein video angiography system we developed features a small-caliber endoscope and bright fluorescence images. Because it reveals blood flow in the dead angle areas of the microscope, this novel system could contribute to the safety and long-term effectiveness of aneurysm surgery even in a narrow operative field.

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