Exophytic Brainstem Cavernoma in the Floor of the Fourth Ventricle Midline Suboccipital Approach: 3-Dimensional Operative Video

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. E109-E109
Author(s):  
Harry J C J Bulstrode ◽  
Jason McMillen ◽  
Krunal Patel ◽  
Jason Correia ◽  
Matthew Guilfoyle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fourth Ventricle ◽  
Low Flow ◽  
Vascular Lesions ◽  
Medial Longitudinal Fasciculus ◽  
3 Dimensional ◽  
Video Acquisition ◽  
Progressive Neurological Deficit ◽  
Brainstem Cavernoma ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Suboccipital Approach

Abstract This 3-dimensional operative video covers the suboccipital approach to a brainstem cavernoma of the floor of the fourth ventricle. Brainstem cavernomas are low-flow vascular lesions associated with a 2% to 6% annual bleed rate. Repeated bleeds typically result in progressive neurological deficit, and especially for exophytic lesions surgery may arrest this progression without significantly exacerbating pre-existing deficits. The approach to these lesions may be via any standard skull base approach, dictated in each lesion by the presentation to the pial surface. Here, we describe a suboccipital approach to an exophytic cavernoma of the floor of the fourth ventricle, arising caudal to the medial longitudinal fasciculus and facial colliculus. The 38-yr-old male patient had suffered a stepwise neurological deterioration secondary to repeated bleeds, and complete resection of the cavernoma demonstrated here arrested this progression. The patient has provided signed consent to video acquisition and storage at operation, and to publication of this material.

scholarly journals Isolated fourth ventricle haemorrhage: “think beyond intracranial source’’ unusual presentation of lumbosacral spine arteriovenous malformation presentation

2019 ◽  
pp. 59-62
Author(s):  
Naresh Panwar ◽  
Manish Agrawal ◽  
Ghanshyam Agrawal ◽  
V. D. Sinha
Keyword(s):  
Arteriovenous Malformation ◽  
Fourth Ventricle ◽  
Intraventricular Hemorrhage ◽  
Spinal Column ◽  
Sudden Onset ◽  
Severe Headache ◽  
Vascular Lesions ◽  
Lumbosacral Spine ◽  
Isolated Fourth Ventricle ◽  
Spinal Arteriovenous Malformations

Spinal arteriovenous malformations (SAVMs) are rare vascular lesions and account for about 4% of primary intraspinal masses. Since SAVMs can involve any location along the spinal column and produce a host of different problems, the symptoms are extremely variable. There are few reports of simultaneous cerebral SAH and intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) following rupture of a spinal AVM (SAVMs). Herein, we present a rare case of Lumbo Sacral spine arteriovenous malformation, which clinically manifests as sudden onset of severe headache and vomiting due to isolated fourth ventricle Hemorrhage (IVH) without cerebral subarachnoid hemorrhage.

The Supracerebellar-Transtentorial Approach to Vascular Lesions in the Inferomedial Temporal Lobe: 3-Dimensional Operative Video

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 536-536
Author(s):  
Omar Choudhri ◽  
Jason Davies ◽  
Michael T. Lawton
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Vascular Lesions ◽  
3 Dimensional ◽  
Transtentorial Approach

scholarly journals Role of sclerotherapy in management of low flow vascular malformations

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 1234
Author(s):  
Manpreet Kaur ◽  
Parul Sachdeva ◽  
Rajan Syal ◽  
Savijot Singh
Keyword(s):  
Head And Neck ◽  
Vascular Malformations ◽  
Neck Region ◽  
Low Flow ◽  
Vascular Lesions ◽  
Surgical Removal ◽  
Complete Regression ◽  
Head And Neck Region ◽  
Life Threatening

Background: Low flow vascular malformations are most common in the head and neck region. Only symptomatic malformations require treatment. Sclerotherapy followed by surgery was considered the gold standard treatment but in the head and neck region, it may produce cosmetic and physiological defects. In the present study, multiple injections of sclerotherapy with 3% sodium tetradecyl sulphate was used for the treatment of low flow vascular malformations.Methods: Twenty cases of low flow vascular malformations of the oral cavity who presented in the outpatient department of ESIC Model Hospital, Ludhiana from 2014-2016 were selected for the study. Only significantly sized (>4 cm) and easily accessible lesions were included. Staged sequential sclerotherapy with 3% STS under strict fluoroscopy control was used as the sole treatment.Results: A total of 20 patients were taken of which, 25% required three sessions, 65% five to six sessions each and 10% required eight sessions each. All patients showed good results with complete regression and no mucosal ulceration.Conclusions: Staged sequential sclerotherapy with 3% STS should be the treatment of choice in low flow vascular lesions involving mucosal and cutaneous structures of head and neck region especially anterior two-thirds of tongue, palate, gingiva, buccal mucosa and lips. Surgical removal may affect critical neurovascular structures and cause cosmetic deformity. So the removal is advisable in life-threatening conditions, lesions requiring general anaesthesia and single sitting removal.

Development of Dual Video Acquisition and Parallel AVI Player with Camera Calibration System for Supporting Dual View Motion Detection

2010 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 41-49
Author(s):  
Amar Vijai Nasrulloh ◽  
Tati L. R. Mengko ◽  
Tommy Apriantono
Keyword(s):  
Camera Calibration ◽  
Motion Detection ◽  
Image Plane ◽  
Video Camera ◽  
Human Motion ◽  
Calibration System ◽  
Software Module ◽  
3 Dimensional ◽  
Video Acquisition ◽  
Mouse Cursor

Human motion capture consists of the recording of human body movements for immediate or delayed analysis and playback. Development of the dual video acquisition methods and continued with dual and parallel AVI player display can visually display dual view motion detection and successfully identify the depth of the motion detection. Times and frames are played together in dual AVI player display. The mouse cursor tags, using markers, every motion manually and records the two view graphics movement of the joints represented by the markers. The software module to find Ln of two camera calibration that connects a 2 dimensional image plane and 3 dimensional world coordinates has been built using Direct Linear Transformation equation with distance error ±0,44 pixels for video camera 1 and ±1,03 pixels for video camera 2.

Seasonal Shifts in Surface Water-Groundwater Connections in a Ferricrete-Impacted Stream Estimated from Electrical Resistivity

Geophysics ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-55
Author(s):  
Ariel Rickel ◽  
Beth Hoagland ◽  
Alexis Navarre-Sitchler ◽  
Kamini Singha
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Resistivity ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Hydraulic Conductivity ◽  
Hyporheic Zone ◽  
Time Lapse ◽  
Breakthrough Curves ◽  
Low Flow ◽  
High Discharge ◽  
Storage Area ◽  
And Storage

The efficacy of the hyporheic zone (HZ) — where surface water and groundwater mix — for processing nutrients or uptake of metals is dependent on streambed hydraulic conductivity and stream discharge, among other characteristics. Here, we explore electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) of hyporheic exchange in Cement Creek near Silverton, Colorado, which is affected by ferricrete precipitation. To quantify flows through the HZ, we conducted four-hour salt injection tracer tests and collected time-lapse ERT of the streambed and banks of Cement Creek at high and low flow. We installed piezometers to conduct slug tests, which suggested a low permeability zone at 44-cm depth likely comprised of ferricrete that cemented cobbles together. Based on the ERT, the tracer released into the stream was constrained within the shallow streambed with little subsurface flow through the banks. Tracer was detected in the HZ for a longer time at high flow compared to low flow, suggesting that more flow paths were available to connect the stream to the HZ. Tracer was confined above the ferricrete layer during both the high- and low-flow tests. Mass transfer and storage area parameters were calculated from combined analysis of apparent bulk conductivity derived from ERT and numerical modeling of the tracer breakthrough curves. The hyporheic storage area estimated at low discharge (0.1 m2) was smaller than at high discharge (0.4 m2) and residence times were 2.7 h at low discharge and 4.1 h at high discharge. During high discharge, in-stream breakthrough curves displayed slower breakthrough and longer tails, which was consistent with the time-lapse electrical inversions and One-dimensional Transport with Inflow and Storage (OTIS) modeling. Our findings indicate that ferricrete reduces the hydraulic conductivity of the streambed and limits the areal extent of the HZ, which may lower the potential for pollutant attenuation from the metal-rich waters of Cement Creek.

scholarly journals Report of a case of Cobb syndrome: multimodality imaging

2020 ◽  
pp. 20200145
Author(s):  
Dalia Ibrahim ◽  
Shady Mashhour
Keyword(s):  
Upper Limb ◽  
Vascular Malformations ◽  
Multimodality Imaging ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Cord Compression ◽  
Low Flow ◽  
Vascular Lesions ◽  
Cervical Cord ◽  
Limb Weakness ◽  
The Right

Cobb syndrome is a rare vascular disorder characterized by vascular skin lesions distributed in a dermatomal pattern, with corresponding muscular, osseous, paraspinal, and/or spinal vascular lesions occurring at the same body somite (metamere). We present a case of a 25-year-old man who presented with a history of right upper limb paresthesia followed by bilateral progressive upper and lower limb weakness and heaviness. Physical examination showed large cutaneous port wine stains on the right side of the chest, the nape, and along the whole right upper limb in a dermatomal distribution, with no corresponding limb hypertrophy or asymmetry. MRI and CT scan of the cervical spine showed aggressive vertebral hemangiomas involving the right side of C1 down to C4 vertebrae associated with extraosseous epidural lesion causing cervical cord compression, in addition to right paraspinal muscular low flow vascular malformations. Digital subtraction angiography of the neck vessels showed corresponding vascular blush and delayed contrast pooling in the affected regions. Cobb syndrome was diagnosed based on the dermatomal distribution of the cutaneous vascular lesions and the corresponding vertebral, epidural, and paraspinal vascular lesions occurring at the same metamere. The patient underwent a decompressive laminectomy at C2–C6 levels with removal of the epidural lesion, after which his symptoms had improved.

scholarly journals 3D DCE-MRA in spinal vascular malformations

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jibin Cao ◽  
Sijia Gao ◽  
Wenge Sun ◽  
Lingling Cui
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Vascular Malformations ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Vascular Lesions ◽  
Arterial Blood Supply ◽  
3 Dimensional ◽  
Spinal Vascular Malformations ◽  
Arterial Blood

Abstract Purpose: This study was carried out to investigate whether 3.0T dynamic enhanced 3 dimensional magnetic resonance angiography (3D DCE-MRA) could identify spinal cord vascular malformations efficiently.Material and Methods: 32 suspected cases of spinal vascular disease with MR imaging and clinical symptoms were detected using DCE-MRA. 28 patients were valued through DSA for 3-5 days, and surgical treatment was performed on 24 patients. Results: DCE-MRA was used to examine all the cases which recognized abnormal vascular lesions clearly, and 28 cases were consistent with DSA or surgical diagnosis. The arterial blood supply was evaluated accurately in 28 cases. The findings were correct in 26 cases.Conclusion: 3.0T DCE-MRA features high sensitivity and accuracy in detecting and characterizing SVMs, especially SDAVF.

scholarly journals Intramedullary Cavernoma: Case Report and Literature Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Vascular Malformations ◽  
Cord Compression ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Low Flow ◽  
Vascular Lesions ◽  
Spinal Vascular Malformations ◽  
Patient Reported ◽  
Spinal Cord Compression Syndrome ◽  
Chronic Myelopathy

Introduction: Cavernomas are benign vascular anomalies consisting of cavities where the blood circulates at low flow and at low pressure. Intramedullary localization is unusual, represents approximately 5 to 12% of spinal vascular malformations and 3% of intra-dural vascular malformations (5% of medullary vascular lesions). Observation: A patient, aged 59, consulted for the abrupt installation of moderate back pain followed by predominant muscle weakness in the two lower limb of progressive worsening, responsible for gait disorders. The patient reported thermal hypoesthesia and heaviness of the two lower limbs that had been evolving for two years. The examination found a dorsal spinal cord compression syndrome. On the MRI, there were abnormalities of intramedullary signal of the dorsal (D11) spinal cord with bleeding stigmas suggestive of intramedullary cavernomas. Conclusion: The management of the medullary cavernoma is essentially neurosurgical with complete microsurgical resection of the malformation. In the absence of surgical treatment, evolution can be to chronic myelopathy or neurological aggravation.

Congenital Vascular Malformations in the Hand and Forearm

2001 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 484-494 ◽  
Author(s):  
Constantinos T. Sofocleous ◽  
Robert J. Rosen ◽  
Keith Raskin ◽  
Bram Fioole ◽  
Dirk-John Hofstee
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Malformations ◽  
Retrospective Chart Review ◽  
Percutaneous Treatment ◽  
Low Flow ◽  
Vascular Lesions ◽  
Technical Success ◽  
Intention To Treat ◽  
Single Center Experience ◽  
Long Term Follow Up

Purpose: To review a single-center experience in the management of symptomatic congenital vascular malformations of the hand and forearm with special attention to embolotherapy. Methods: A retrospective chart review was performed to identify patients with vascular malformations referred for arteriography and possible intervention between 1983 and 1998. Arteriography and venography were performed in all patients to differentiate between true high-flow arteriovenous malformations (AVM) and low-flow primary venous malformations (PVM). The clinical and radiological data, procedural results, and follow-up data were retrieved and reviewed. Results: In a 15-year period, 39 patients (22 men; mean age 22.5 years, range 1–51) had symptomatic vascular lesions diagnosed in the forearm and hand: 21 AVMs, 17 PVMs, and one complex lesion with both AVM and PVM. Thirty-four (87%) lesions were treated with immediate technical success achieved in 31 (91%) cases; 5 (13%) lesions were not amenable to percutaneous treatment. There were no major complications, but 3 embolized AVMs had significant residual flow (81.6% technical success on intention to treat basis). Long-term follow-up ranging to 5 years was available in 26 of the 34 treated patients; the mean symptom-free period was 30 months for the AVM patients and 30.5 months for the PVM group, with an average of 1.5 and 1.2 embolization procedures, respectively. Conclusions: Vascular malformations of the hand and forearm are extremely rare lesions that demand a multidisciplinary approach for optimal diagnosis and management. Microembolotherapy with or without surgery has offered the highest level of safety and success to date.

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